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Міністерство освіти, науки, молоді та спорту України

Запорізький національний технічний університет

Факультет міжнародного туризму та управління

Кафедра іноземних мов професійного спілкування

Контрольна робота

Для студентів МТУ

Управление

Англійська мова

1 семестр 1 курс

Виконав: студент(ка) групи № МТУз- ________________________

Перевірив ________________________

Запоріжжя 2012

1. Translate the text.

Universities in Britain

Universities in Britain are different from those in many other countries.

Until the 19^th century England had only two universities – Oxford and Cambridge. Both universities are residential, students belong to one of the colleges. The colleges at Oxford and Cambridge have no division by subjects.

The modern universities such as the Universities of London, Leeds, etc. provide instruction chiefly by means of lectures.

Some students study history, languages, economics or law, the others study pure or applied sciences such as medicine, dentistry, technology or agriculture.

England needs educated managers and will do her best to produce them.

The academic year in England has three terms. Examinations take place at the end of each term.

Here is a typical day of an English student.

He or she spends his or her morning hours working. The students have classes, lectures and seminars. At two they have a dinner break which lasts till four. Then they resume their studies.

Most of the students go in for some kind of sport. One of the most favourite kinds of sport is football.

In most universities students have their own “unions”.

These unions are centers of students’ cultural and recreational activities.

The two oldest universities in England are Oxford and Cambridge. They date from the Middle Agee.

The advance of industrialization in the 19^th century required the growth of manufacturers, technicians, scientists. The older universities did not produce them. Technical colleges appeared in industrial centers. Some of them developed into the “Modern Universities”(London, Leeds, Manchester, Sheffield, etc.).

The whole system of education operates with very little public control. There is no single body or organization responsible for the planning and development of higher education as a whole in Britain. The regulations differ from University to University. All the modern universities differ greatly from Oxford and Cambridge.

British universities usually keep to the customs of the past. At Oxford University, for example, all the students wear long black gowns and student’s caps-mortar-board.

In the past especially in the 14^th century there were quarrels between townsmen and students. The biggest quarrel broke out in 1354. It turned into a three days fight. Many students were killed.

At some Cambridge College there is a curious tradition. Every Christmas day students carry a huge boar head with great ceremony to the teachers table. The story of this customs goes back to the 16^th century and celebrates the fight between a student of the college and a wild board. The student killed the boar with a copy of Aristotle.