Контрольна робота № 1.

Variant I

Ex.1. Study the vocabulary:

to extend [iks'tend] — простягатися

to border ['bodә] on — межувати

to be washed by — омиватися

frontier — кордон

the Carpathian [ka:'pei jen] mountains — Карпати (Карпатські гори)

black-soil steppelands — чорноземні степи

to admire [әd'maiә] — захоплюватися, милуватися

picturesque [‚pik ә'resk] — мальовничий

slope [sloup] — схил, спад; нахил

endless steppes — безкрайні степи

representative [,repri'zentәtiv] — представник

fauna ['fo:nә] — фауна

to stretch — простягатися

to be divided into — поділятись на

meadow ['medou] — луг

peninsula [pi'ninsjulә] — півострів

Ex.2. Read and translate the following text with a dictionary. Do exercises after the text.

“Geographical Position of Ukraine”.

1. A new state, Ukraine, appeared on the world political map in 1991. Uk­raine occupies an area of 603,700 square kilometres. The territory of Ukraine extends 900 kilometres from north to south and 1,316 kilometres from east to west. In the north Ukraine borders on Belarus; in the east and north-east, on Russia; in the south-west, on Hungary, Romania and Moldova; in the west, on Poland and Slovakia. In the south Ukraine is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. The total length of the frontiers is 6,500 kilometres, including 1,050 kilometres of the sea frontiers.

2. In the north of Ukraine there are forests, in the west — the Carpathian mountains, in the eastern and central Ukraine — black-soil steppelands.

3. We can admire picturesque slopes of the green Carpathians and the Cri­mean hills, the green forests of Poltava, Chernihiv and Kyiv, the endless step­pes of Kherson, Mickolayiv and Odesa. It is really the land of woods, lakes and rivers.

4. The main territory of Ukraine is flat, but 5% of it make up mountains.

5. The major rivers are the Dnieper, the Dnester, the Bug, the Donets and others.

6. Typical representatives of the Ukrainian fauna are hare, fox, squirrel, bear, wolf, goat. Among the trees growing in the Ukrainian territory are birch, pine, oak, fir-tree.

7. The Carpathians are situated in Europe and stretch through Hungary, Po­land, Romania, including Ukraine. They are divided into the West Carpathi­ans, East and South ones. The highest point of the Ukrainian Carpathians is Hoverla — 2,061 metres above the sea level. They are covered with beautiful forests and woods, there are meadows here which are called as "polonyna."

8. The Crimean Mountains stretch for about 150 kilometres along the coast of the Black Sea. The highest point of them is the mountain Roman-Kosh — 1545 metres above the sea level.

9. The Crimea is a peninsula located in the south of Ukraine and is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.

10. The population of Ukraine is about 46 million (46% male and 54% fe-male; 30 million urban and 16 million rulal; density: 87 persons per 1 square kilometre). Ukraine is inhabited by representatives of 128 nations, natio­nalities and ethnic groups.

11. The capital of Ukraine is Kyiv. It stretches on the high hills along the Dnieper, rivaling the oldest and most charming cities of Europe.

12. Ukraine's other big cities are Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Odesa, Lviv, etc. The largest Crimean towns are Simpheropol, Sevastopol, Kertch, Yevpatoria, Yalta and Feodosiya.

13. The geographical position of Ukraine is very favourable for the development of its industry and agriculture.

Ex.3. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.

1.всесвітня політична карта; 2. межувати з; 3. морські кордони; 4. чорноземні степи; 5. поділятися на; 6. вздовж узбережжя; 7. півострів; 8. міське населення; 9. сільське населення; 10. над рівнем моря.

Ex.4. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents.

1. to be washed by a) фауна

2. the total length b) сприятливий

3. picturesque slopes c) омиватися

4. the major rivers d) столиця

5. a representative e) загальна довжина

6. to be covered with f) луг

7. fauna g) мальовничі схили

8. a meadow h) покриватися

9. a capital i) представник

10. favourable j) головні річки

Ex.5. Insert the suitable words or word combinations into the following sentences. The words are given below.

1. The total length of the frontiers is 6.500 kilometres including the…..

2. In the…Ukraine there are black-soil steppelands.

3. The main territory of Ukraine is…, but 5% of it make up mountains.

4. The Carpathians are situated in…

5. The Crimean mountains….about 150km…of the Black Sea.

6. The Crimea is…located in the South of Ukraine.

Flat; a peninsula; eastern and central; sea frontiers; stretch for; Europe; along the coast.

Ex.6. Find in the text and put down the answers to the questions in Ukrainian.

1. What countries does Ukraine border on?

2. What is the total length of the country’s frontiers?

3. What are the major Ukrainian rivers?

4. How many people live in Ukraine?

5. What is the geographical position of Ukraine favorable for?

Ex.7. Read and translate the following text with a dictionary. Translate paragraphs:1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, 12 in writing.

“The Political System of Ukraine. Coat of Arms”

1. On the 24th of August, 1991 Ukraine became an independent state. On the 1st of December, 1991 the everlasting dream of the Ukrainian people came true.

2. 90% of the people voted for the independence of Ukraine and since that time the Ukrainian people had become the masters of their own destiny.

3. Nowadays Ukraine is a democratic state, ruled by the law and created as a implementation of the people’s sovereign right to self-determination.

4. The Ukrainian political system has a popularly elected President, a 450-person single-chamber national Parliament — the Verkhovna Rada.

5. The President is the highest official of the Ukrainian state, vested with sup­reme executive authority. He exercises it through the Government, the Cabinet of Ministers which is accountable to him, and through a system of central and local organs of state executive authority.

6. The Verkhovna Rada (Parliament) of Ukraine is the sole legislative authority. Judicial power in Ukraine is vested in the courts of law. The courts are inde­pendent and all their activities abide only by the rules of law.

7. A Prime Minister is nominated by the President and is a subject to approval by the Verkhovna Rada.

8. The first President of Ukraine became Leonid Kravchuk, winning 61.6 percent of the votes. The nation supported Leonid Kravchuk’s programme aimed at the construction of a New Ukraine, where generations would combine efforts in asserting a strong state system, genuine democracy, material wellbeing, elevated spiritual awareness.

9. In 1994 Ukrainian people elected a new President, Leonid Kuchma. Ukraine has entered a new phase in its development. Though Ukraine has a wealth of political parties, ranging from unreconstructed communities to farright nationalities, personal and regional loyalties tend to play larger role in the Ukrainian political life than programmatic parties. A key challenge facing Ukraine is the establishment of effective, democratic governing institutions that strike a balance between executive and legislative authority.

10. Ukraine is divided into 24 regions and the Autonomic Republic Crimea, each of which has elected council, whose Chairman, elected at large, also ser­ves as head of the executive branch. The cities of Kyiv and Sevastopol are su­bordinated directly to the central government. So we can say that state power in Ukraine is based on the division of authority into legislative, executive and judicial.

11. Ukraine not only strives to live in peace with the rest of the world community, but also to cooperate with other countries and participate in the European and world structures. It is already a member of numerous international political and economic associations and a founding member of the United Nations.

12. The national emblems — the coat of arms, the flag, and the seal — alter­nated dining the millennium of Ukrainian history owing to various political, social, cultural, and other factors — a phenomenon common to many Euro­pean nations.

13. The contemporary national coat of arms of Ukraine, Azure, a trident or, is the most ancient as well as the most dignified of all the Ukrainian insignia of nationwide significance and its emblazonment represents a synthesis of a preheraldic device of the ruling dynasty in the tenth century and of the oldest Uk­rainian national heraldic tinctures from the thirteenth century. The classic form of the Ukrainian trident is found on the gold and silver coins of Volodymyr (Vladimir) the Great (979—1015), the Grand Prince of Kyiv.

14. The problems of the origin and of the original meaning of the Ukrainian trident have still not been solved by scholars. The archeological finds of tridents in Ukraine go back to the first century A.D. Undoubtedly this emblem was a mark of authority and a mystic symbol of one or several of the ethnic groups which inhabited ancient Ukrainian territory and which came to compose the Ukrainian nation.