Index

attach, 44 bmp, 35, 36 cloud, 45

dataframe, 11, 44 dbeta, 9 dev.off, 36 EBImage, 35, 37 ecdf, 55 expression, 10 fitdistr, 13 grDevices, 36 grid, 38, 40

grid.picture, 33, 37 grid.raster, 38, 39 grid.symbols, 34 grImport, 31, 32 imagematrix, 11 jpeg, 37

lattice, 45 MASS, 13 newPixmapRGB, 37 outer, 65

pbeta, 9 pdf, 37

picturePaths, 32 pixmap, 35, 36 plot, 10, 40

png, 35 postscript, 37

PostScriptTrace, 32 print, 36

qbeta, 9 rasterImage, 40 rbeta, 9

read.bmp, 36 read.jpeg, 35 readImage, 35 ReadImages, 35 ReadPicture, 32 readPNG, 35 readTiff, 35 rgl, 78

rtiff, 35 sum, 60, 62

summary, 11, 13, 44 svg, 37

t, 67 which, 55

writeJPEG, 37 writeTiff, 37

A

Acknowledgments, xi Additive model, 22, 23 Additive system, 23

B

Band, 2, 3, 9, 15, 16, 18, 28

Beta, 6, 7, 9–14

Beta model, 6

Binomial filter, 66

Binomial mask, 67, 68

Blur, 63, 64, 66, 69

BMP, 26, 27

Boxplot, 44, 46

Brightness, 21–23, 48

86

C

Chromaticity, 22

Classification, 1 Cloud, 45 CMYK, 23

Color, 1–3, 23–25, 27, 77, 79, 83 Color depth, 22

Color models, 22 Color space, 83 Continuous, 5, 69, 70

Continuous random variable, 6, 9, 15 Contrast, 48, 49, 61, 68, 77, 79, 82 Contrast improvement, 45

Contrast stretching, 49 Convolution filter, 60, 62, 64, 72

Coordinate, 1, 3, 18, 22, 23, 59, 60, 62 Correlation, 15, 17, 18, 77–79 Covariance matrix, 13, 15–18, 77–79 Cumulative distribution

function, 5, 8, 9, 15

D

Data frame, 11, 44

Density, 6–9, 13–16

Density function, 9

Dimensionality reduction, 82

Discrete, 5, 69

Discrete random variable, 5

E

ECPF, 55

Empirical function, 8, 9

EPS, 25

Equalization, 52, 54

Estimation, 8, 14

Expected value, 6

Expression, 10

F

Filter, 1, 3, 59–61, 64, 68, 69, 73 Fitdister, 13

Foreword, vii Format, 31, 37, 38 Frequency domain, 62

G

Gaussian filter, 64, 66 Gaussian mask, 64, 65, 68

Gaussian, 7, 9, 11–13, 15, 16, 18, 19

Index

H

High-pass filter, 68 Histogram, 44, 46, 47, 49–51,

53, 55, 56 Histogram equalization, 49 HSI, 23

HSL, 23

HSV, 23

Hue, 23

I

Identity, 43

Identity function, 6

Identity mask, 62, 65

Image, 1–4, 21–28

Image domain, 59

Image formats, 24, 26

Image matrix, 11, 79

Indicator function, 4, 6

Input, 21, 23, 31, 41

Intensity, 21, 23

J

JPEG, 26, 27

L

Laplacian filter, 69

Laplacian mask, 69

Lattice, 45

Library, 45

Light, 21–23, 63

Local operations, 3, 4, 59

Look-Up Tables (LUTs), 43

Low-pass filter, 62, 64, 68

Luminance, 21

M

Mask, 4, 59, 60, 62, 64–68 Matrix, 1, 10, 13, 15–18 Maximum, 44

Mean, 6, 7, 9, 11, 15, 18, 44, 62, 63, 72

Mean filter, 63, 64, 66 Median, 44, 72 Median filter, 72 Minimum, 44 Moment, 7, 8, 11 Multiband, 15, 16, 77 Multivariate, 15, 78, 84

Index

N

Neighborhood, 3, 4, 59

Normal, 7

Normalization, 49

O

Order statistics, 61, 69, 71

Outliers, 49

Output, 36, 37, 39, 41

P

Pairs diagram, 44 Parameter estimation, 7 PBM, 27

PCA, 77–79, 81

PDF, 24, 25, 27 PGM, 27

Phantom, 1, 9, 10, 18, 20 Pixel, 2, 18, 22, 24

Plot, 10 PNG, 26, 27

Pointwise operations, 43 Poisson model, 6 Position, 1–3 PostScript, 25

PPM, 27 Preface, ix

Primary colors, 21, 22 Principal

components, 77 Probabilistic model, 6 Probability, 5, 6, 9, 11, 13 Probability vector, 5–7

Q

Quantile, 9, 44

R

Radiance, 21

Random variable, 5–9, 15, 16, 77, 78 Raster, 24–26, 31, 35, 38, 40

RGB, 22, 23

87

S

Sample, 5, 7–11, 16, 18, 69, 71, 77 Sample space, 5

SAR, 1 Saturation, 22, 23

Secondary colors, 21 Segmentation, 1 Site, 1, 3, 4 Spectrum, 21–23

Standard deviation, 7, 14, 17, 18, 64, 65 Statistics, 5, 6, 11, 13, 15

Stochastic, 5

Subtractive color space, 27 Subtractive model, 23 Summary, 11, 13, 44 Support, 1, 3, 4, 9, 11, 59, 65 SVG, 24, 25

T

TIFF, 26

Transformation, 3, 5, 8, 9, 11, 16, 23, 43, 59, 60, 69, 78–80, 82

Translation invariant, 43

U

Uniform continuous model, 6

Uniform discrete model, 6

Univariate, 5, 13, 15, 16

Unsharp masking, 69

V

Variance, 6, 7, 11, 13, 15, 17, 78, 79, 81, 82

Vector, 24, 31, 34, 37–40

Visualization, 2, 3, 79, 82

W

Window, 4, 66, 72

X

XML, 25

XY plot, 3, 33