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Пензенский Государственный Университет

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	ow (в конце слова)	[əυ]	window, slow, row, snow, grow
	но:	[aυ]	now, how
	oy	ɔ	boy, toy, noise, voice, soil
	oi	[ ]	choice, coin, boil
	oi		choice, coin, boil
	o + ld	[əυ]	old, cold, sold, hold, told, bold

	our	ɔ	four, court, course, your, fourth
		[ :]

	our, ower	[aυə]	our, hour, shower, flower, tower,
			power
	o + m	[Λ]	some, come, among, money
	+ n		son, won, wonderful, front
	+ v		glove, love, lovely
	+th		mother, brother, other
	но:	[u:]	prove, move, movement, im-
			provement
	ous	[ə]	famous, dangerous, various

	or	[ə]	doctor, tractor, conductor
U u	ue	[ju:]	due, sue, hue
	после r, l	[u:]	true, blue
	ure – в открытом	[υə]	sure, surely
	слоге после –s
	но:	[υ]	sugar
	u – в закрытом	[υ]	full, push, bush, bull
	слоге после f, p, b
	в открытом слоге	[u:]	rule, June, jubilee, rumour
	после r, j
Y y	перед гласной в	[j]	yes, yet, year, yesterday
	начале слова
	в безударном по-	[ ]	city, money, holiday, lady, lazy,
	ложении на конце		fifty, seventy
	слова

Не следует испытывать отчаяние при виде подобных таблиц. Мы приводим их для того, чтобы Вы могли внимательно изучить звукобуквенные соответствия и использовать их для тренировки чтения. Настоящая уверенность придет к Вам со временем.

Pronunciation exercises

1. Read the words. Compare their pronunciation and spelling.

ear	–	air	girl	–	goal
beer	–	bear	burn	–	bone
here	–	hear	turn	–	tone

were	–	war	–	was
work	–	warm	–	want
worst	–	water	–	watch

took	–	tour
put	–	poor
shook	–	sure

2. Match the words and the vowel symbols.

eg. 1-f

1.Meet

2.Let

3.Bit

4.Law

5.Back

6.Cut

7.Third

8.Mood

9.Clock

10.Good

11.Arch

12.About

a.[a:]

b.[æ]

c.[e]

d.[ə]

e.[ı]

f.[i:]

g.[ɔ]

h.[3:]

i.[ɔ:]

g. [u:] k. [υ] l. [Λ]

3. Match the words and the vowel symbols.

eg. 1-c
1.	May	a. [əυ]
2.	Buy	b. [aı]
3.	Poor	c. [eı]
4.	No	d. [ıə]
5.	Toy	e. [aυ]
6.	Dare	f. [υə]
7.	Mouse	g. [eə]
8.	Dear	ɔ
		h. [ ı]

4. Write out the pairs with the same vowel sound.

eg. Car – farm

1.Blue – you

2.One – phone

3.Arm – are

4.Five – eye

5.Red – head

6.Book – door

7.Eight – they

8.Watch – bad

9.Chair – their

10.Box – dog

11.Your – our

12.Where – here

5. Find the word which doesn’t contain the same sound.

eg. root, school, good, cool – good.

1.Life, mine, live, ride, pie

2.Read, big, street, jeans, meat

3.Phone, bowl, house, boat, home

4.Hair, wear, here, air, pear

5.Bar, charm, war, rather, far

6.Box, yellow, phone, post, home

Правила чтения согласных

Буква и буквосочетание	Звук	Примечание	Примеры
Буква и буквосочетание

B b	[b]		bus, but, about, better, butter, by,
bt	[t]	в конце слова	book, bed, bag, bad
bt	[t]	в конце слова	debt, doubt

С с	[s]	перед e, i, y	face, city, cinema, cycle, since, ice,
			space, centre
	[k]	в остальных слу-	cap, cat, cut,	cry, copy,	capital,
		чаях	come, close, clock
	[∫]	перед безударной	ocean, social, special, musician, an-
		гласной	cient, racial
cc	[ks]	перед e, i, y	accept, success, accent, accident
	[k]	в остальных слу-	occur, according, accomplish, accu-
		чаях	mulate, occupy, occasion
ch	[t∫]		chess, rich, cheese, chop, much,
tch			match, kitchen, watch, catch
ch	[k]	в словах грече-	school, architect, chemistry, charac-
		ского происхож-	ter, archeology, technical
		дения	machine, machinery, machinist
	[∫]	в словах фран-	machine, machinery, machinist
		цузского проис-
		хождения

ck	[k]		black, sick, back, pack, neck, check
D d	[d]		date, made, end, decide, old
	[-]	перед согласными	grandmother,	handsome,	handker-
dg			chief
dg	[ʤ]		bridge, knowledge, judge, sledge
F f	[f]		five, if, finish, face, family
ften	[fn]		often, soften
G g	[ʤ]	перед e, i, y	page, change, gymnasium, stage
			но: [g] - get, give, begin
	[g]	в остальных слу-	go, green, grey, grow
		чаях
gh	[-]		weight, eight, bought,
	[f]		brought, fought, daughter
	[f]	после au, ou в	laugh, enough, cough
		словах:
gn	[n]	в начале и в конце	foreign, sign
		слова
H h	[h]		he, his, here, have, home, hundred,
	[-]		husband
	[-]		hour, honour, honest, exhibition
K k	[k]		kill, keep, king, kitchen, kiss

kn	[n]		в начале слова	know, knee, knife, knock
L l	[l]			lake, late, light, listen, leg
alm, alf,	[-]			talk, calm, half, chalk
alk
M m	[m]			miss, meal, seem, team
mb	[m]		в конце слова	climb, bomb, comb
mn				autumn, column
N n	[n]			never,	number,		nobody, next, no-
ng			в конце слова	tice
ng	[ŋ]		в конце слова	sing,	song,	interesting, thing
nk	ŋk	]		drink,	bank,	ink,	tank, thank
	[	]
P p	[p]			pen, pencil, pupil, publish, top
ph	[f]		в словах грече-	phone, physics, philosophy, philolo-
			ского происхож-	gist, symphony, phase
			дения
Qu	[kw]			queen, question, quick, quite, queue
	[k]		в словах фран-	unique, technique
			цузского проис-
			хождения
Rr	[r]			red, ready, rain, sorry, mirror, trip
S s	[s]		в начале слова	see, sea, son, sun, stand, stop
			но: [∫]	sugar, sure
			после глухих со-	maps, cats, books, hats, caps
	[z]		гласных	pens, bags, days, girls, boys
	[z]		после звонких	pens, bags, days, girls, boys
			согласных и	these, cheese, please, nose, rose
ss	[s]		гласных	class, pass, success, kiss, miss
ss	[s]			class, pass, success, kiss, miss
	∫		передбезударным	Russian
	[ ]		передбезударным
ssion	[∫(ə)n]		слогом	session, discussion, commission, op-
ssion	[∫(ə)n]			session, discussion, commission, op-
sion	[ʒn]			pression
sion	[ʒn]		в конце слова	decision, conclusion, revision, inva-
sure	[ʒə]			sion, confusion, television
sure	[ʒə]			pleasure, treasure, leisure, measure
sh	[∫]			she, ship, fish, shop, short
sc	[s]		перед е, i, у	science, scientist, scene, scenery
sten	[sn]			listen, fasten

stle	[sl]		whistle, wrestling

T t	[t]		ten, twenty, table, sit, teeth
th	[θ]		thing, thank, three, tooth
tion	[ð]		this, those, with, without, weather
tion	[∫(ə)n]		demonstration, revolution, dictation,
ture			translation, attention
ture	[t∫ə]		picture, future, lecture, culture, na-
			ture, feature, furniture
V v	[v]		live, leave, voice, move, vase
W w	[w]		win, want, water, wind, twins
wh	[w]		when, where, why, what, which,
wh+o	[h]		white, whisper, while
wh+o	[h]		who, whom, whose, whole
wr	[r]		wrong, write, writer, wrestling
X x	[ks]	в конце слова и	box, fox, six, taxi, text, excuse, exer-
		перед согласными	cise
	[gz]	перед ударной	examination, example, exist, exact
		гласной
Z z	[z]		lazy, zone, zero, zoo, zoology

Pronunciation exercises

1. Read the words with the letter h. Decide which of them contain the sound [h].

hotel	hour	home
who	why	happy
honest	hospital	half
which	when	honour

2. Read the words with the letter c. Write out the words with the sound [k].

cat	cut	since
city	centre	clock
face	cake	come
cube	space	cinema
ocean	special	occur

3. Put the words into 2 columns according to the pronunciation of the letters th.

Clothes, month, they, other, health, three, leather, north, father, thank, tooth, weather, with.

Can you add more words?

4. Read the words with the letter s. What sounds can you hear?

Miss, safe, easy, ship, measure, mechanic, profession, cheese, sun, session, listen, sugar, sea, please, days, television, sure, books, science.

5. Read the words and decide which of them contain the sound [w].

warm	own	heavy	watch	write
two	view	when	violence	white
how	world	borrow	question	who

6. Read the words with the letter g and decide which of them contain the sound [g].

gentle	girl	give	green	grace
guest	begin	change	sign	go
ago	page	gate	guide	enough

7. Read the words below and decide which of them contain the sound [ŋ].

winter	drink	young	thing
sink	thanks	children	expensive
English	window	modern	thin
pond	uncle	win	darling

8. Read the words below and decide which of them contain the sound [∫].

chef	children	shoes	she
special	ship	measure	ocean
catch	sure	profession	teacher
short	mechanic	certain	action

9. Read the following tongue-twisters as quickly as possible.

1.A big black bug bit the big black bear, but the big black bear bit the big black bug back!

2.Four furious friends fought for the phone.

3.I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream!

4.I can think of six thin things and of six thick things too.

5.Which witch wished wicked wish?

6.Twelve twins twirled twelve twigs.

7.Are our oars oak?

Don’t worry if you can’t remember all these rules now. You should practise as much as possible. Good luck!

		PROGRESS TEST
1.	Match the words with their transcriptions. There are more transcrip-
tions than words.
1.	Happy	a. [gıl]			i. ['hæpi]
2.	English	' ɔ:n			j. ['fe		ð	ə]
3.	Photo	b. [ m	ð	ıŋ]	j. ['fe			ə]
3.	Photo	c. ['fa:	ð	ə]	k.['p	ɔ:t
		c. ['fa:		ə]	k.['p			ə]
4.	Sugar	d. ['hΛrı]			l. [g3:l]
5.	Morning	e. [' ıŋglı∫]
6.	Girl	f. ['fəυtəυ]
7.	Question	g. ['∫ugə]
8.	Father	h. ['kwest∫ən]

2. Odd word out. Write the words with a different sound.

eg. [∫] short – ocean – sugar – school. School is odd one out. [i:] ski – leave – sit – sea – key

[æ] cat – bag –hand – dark – bad

[ɔ] hot – doctor – wrong – stop – sport

[Λ] money –mother – home – some – nothing [a:] glass – talk – father – can’t – park

[e] video – pencil – tennis – men – bed [ı] think – field – this – Italy – big

[ɔ:] forty – more – short – born – actor [u:] June – curly – fruit – true – flu

[eı] name – orange – train – plane – they [aı] five – like – live – fine – nice

[θ] think – without – month – three [h] house – happen – hair – hour

[t∫] chin – chain – machine – achieve [s] famous – glass – sound – television [k] cup – clear – occasion - muscle [ð] that – health – these – mother

3. Write the letter you don’t pronounce in the following words.

eg. Knee – k

1.Salmon

2.Walk

3.Know

4.Sign

5.Honour

6.Half

7.Psychology

8.Castle

9.Talk

10.Lamb

4. Transcribe the following words.

Day, task, law, she, bread, night, book, rule, city, sky, cat, cheese, hour, this, three, zoo.

Учебный модуль II

ОСНОВНОЙ КУРС СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ ОБЩЕНИЕ

Цели:

Вы должны знать:		Вы должны уметь:
1. Грамматика:		− читать, переводить и обсуждать тек-
− структура английского предложе-			сты по темам, связанным с социаль-
	ния;		ным общением, используя знание
− глагол to be в Present Simple;			активной лексики и изученной грам-
− личные и притяжательные место-		−	матики;
	имения;	−	владеть монологической речью по
− единственное и множественное чис-			изученным темам «Моя визитная
	ло существительных;		карточка» (о себе, своей семье, буд-
−	артикли;		нях и выходных днях), «Полоцкий
− притяжательный падеж существи-			государственный университет и го-
	тельных;		род, в котором я учусь (Новопо-
− указательные местоимения (this –		−	лоцк), «Беларусь и Великобритания;
− указательные местоимения (this –			вести диалоги в рамках изученного
	these, that - those);		вести диалоги в рамках изученного
−	повелительные предложения;		материала;
−	повелительные предложения;	− владеть основными правилами рече-
−	Present Simple (Indefinite);	− владеть основными правилами рече-
−	Present Simple (Indefinite);		вого этикета
− предлоги места и времени;			вого этикета
− предлоги места и времени;

−оборот there is / there are;

−неопределенные местоимения (some, any);

−модальный глагол can / could;

−глагол to be в Past Simple;

−относительные местоимения (who, that, which);

−количественные и порядковые числительные;

−Past Simple (Indefinite);

−степени сравнения прилагательных

−Present Continuous;

−конструкция to be going to

−Future Simple.

2.Лексика

−активный словарь по темам «Моя визитная карточка» (о себе, своей семье, буднях и выходных днях), «Полоцкий государственный университет и город, в котором я учусь (Новополоцк)», «Беларусь и Великобритания»;

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