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Oxford Thesaurus - An A-Z Dictionary Of Synonyms

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denunciatory or denunciative, derisory, derisive, scornful, belittling, fulminous, objurgatory or objurgative, vituperative, invective: Keep your foul tongue to yourself. 7 dishonest, unfair, unjust, unsportsmanlike, dishonourable, fraudulent, underhand(ed), double-dealing, two-faced, corrupt, venal, dirty, treacherous, perfidious, traitorous, unscrupulous, Colloq crooked, shady, Slang chiefly Brit bent: Thrupp will get his way by fair means or foul. 8 nasty, dangerous, rough, disagreeable, unfavourable, sloppy, stormy, adverse; windy, blustery; snowy, sleety, wet, rainy: We ran into a spot of foul weather at Dover. 9 obstructed, blocked, choked, stopped (up), plugged (up), clogged (up): The drain is foul with all that rubbish. 10 tangled, entangled, caught, ensnared, enmeshed, snarled: A foul anchor is a common nautical symbol. 11 illegal, prohibited, forbidden, interdicted, not fair; dirty:

In boxing a hit below the belt is a foul blow.

--v. 12 dirty, pollute, sully, befoul, defile, soil, contaminate, adulterate, taint: Effluent from the factory was fouling the river. 13 tangle, entangle, catch, snare, ensnare, enmesh, snag, snarl, jam, twist: We can't hoist the mainsail because the halyard is fouled. 14 disgrace, dishonour, sully, taint, besmirch, defile, soil, stain, smear, tarnish, blacken,

denigrate, debase, degrade, abase, demean, disparage, defame, derogate, asperse, devaluate, depreciate, vitiate, belittle, discredit, bring or call into disrepute: That act of treachery will foul the family name for generations. 15 obstruct, block, choke, stop or plug or clog (up): Dead leaves fouled the

downpipe. 16 foul up. a See def. 13. b mismanage, mishandle, botch, bungle, make a mess (of), mess up, spoil, ruin, Colloq muff, Brit throw a spanner in(to) (the works), US throw a monkey wrench into (the machinery); Slang muck up, goof (up), blow, screw up, louse up, Chiefly Brit bugger (up), US and Canadian snafu: Give him a chance and he's sure to foul up. She fouled

up my hi-fi.

--n. 17 violation, infringement, infraction, illegality: The Rangers' forward has already been charged with two fouls.

--adv. 18 afoul, in conflict, in trouble, in violation: Curshaw has fallen foul of the law again.

foul play n. treachery, chicanery, perfidy, perfidiousness, duplicity,

double-dealing, deception, guile, crime, sharp practice, skulduggery, dirty work or business, dirty trick(s); murder, homicide, manslaughter; Colloq hanky-panky: The travellers suspected foul play when the aeroplane failed to arrive. The hacked up corpse suggested foul play to Detective LemaŒtre.

found v. 1 establish, originate, institute, set up, organize, inaugurate, start, initiate, create, bring about, develop: The society was founded a hundred years ago. 2 base, ground, establish, set, build; rest: This charity was founded on love and concern for children.

foundation

n. 1 basis, base, substructure, understructure, underpinning, bottom, foot, basement, cellar: This foundation is of stone. 2 basis, base, fundamental, (underlying or fundamental) principle, grounds, groundwork, rationale, raison d'ˆtre, purpose: Their morality finds its foundations in Judaeo-Christian culture. 3 founding, establishment, instituting, institution, creation, origination, setting up, organizing, organization, inauguration, endowment: We voted for the foundation of an institute to study the English language.

founder° n. originator, creator, progenitor, author, framer, father, architect, designer, builder, initiator, establisher,

institutor: Today we honour the founder of this great university.

founderý v. 1 sink, go down or under, go to Davy Jones's locker, be wrecked or destroyed: Many a proud vessel has foundered on this rock. 2 fail, miscarry, collapse, come to nothing or naught,

fall through, abort, falter, break down, come to grief, die: After Alice left to get married, the business foundered. 3 trip, stumble, stagger, lurch, fall, topple (over or down),

collapse; go lame: He drove the horse too hard and caused it to founder.

foundling n. orphan, waif; stray, outcast: We are trying to raise money for a hospital for foundlings.

fountain n. 1 fount, spring, font, jet, spout, spray, well, well-spring, well-head, fountain-head: Bathing in the city fountains is forbidden. 2 source, origin, genesis: Miss Corbell was a

 

fountain of wisdom on the subject of basket-weaving.

foxy

adj. 1 clever, sly, cunning, wily, crafty, tricky, guileful,

 

shifty, devious, slippery, smooth, slick, artful, resourceful,

 

ingenious, calculating, designing, plotting, scheming,

 

disingenuous, knowing, shrewd, sharp, astute, wise; foxlike,

 

vulpine; Colloq cagey or cagy: Be careful dealing with him, for

 

he can be foxy. 2 attractive, alluring, seductive, vampish,

 

Colloq sexy: Margo is a very foxy lady.

6.6 fracas...

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fracas n. 1 trouble, disturbance, commotion, rumpus, fuss, hubbub, pandemonium, hullabaloo, uproar, disorder, scramble, scuffle, brawl, rough-house, rough-and-tumble, turmoil, tumult, free-for-all, riot, fray, brouhaha, mˆl‚e or melee, Law affray; Brit scrum, US brannigan; Colloq ruckus, punch-up, Slang Brit bovver: It was football hooligans who caused the fracas after the game. 2 argument, disagreement, quarrel, dispute, discord, wrangle, altercation, squabble, spat, tiff, fight, row, tussle, Donnybrook, brawl, Colloq barney, scrap: After the referee's ruling, a fracas broke out.

fracture n. 1 break, breakage, breaking: An old fracture makes him walk with a limp. 2 break, crack, split, rupture, breach,

separation, cleavage, division, rift: We can permit no fracture in the united front we present to the voters.

--v. 3 break, rupture, crack, split, breach, separate, cleave: He fractured three vertebrae in the accident.

fragile adj. frail, breakable, brittle, frangible, delicate, dainty, thin, light, slight, weak, feeble, infirm, decrepit; tenuous,

shaky, flimsy, rickety, unsubstantial or insubstantial: Because of her great age, her bones had become fragile. The argument in favour of acquittal is very fragile, indeed.

fragment n. 1 piece, portion, part, chip, shard or sherd, splinter, sliver, scrap, bit, speck, snippet, morsel, crumb, particle, remnant, shred, snatch: A fragment of the airliner was found twenty miles from the crash. 2 fragments. smithereens; debris,

Literary disjecta membra: The car was blown into thousands of fragments. I tried to pick up the fragments of my former life.

--v. 3 shatter, splinter, break or split (up), explode, disintegrate, come or go to pieces, come apart: I picked up the skull and it fragmented in my fingers.

fragmentary

adj. disconnected, piecemeal, incomplete, scattered, disjointed, incoherent, sketchy: Accounts of the disaster are still fragmentary.

fragrance n. fragrancy, scent, aroma, smell, odour, redolence, perfume, bouquet, balm: The fragrance of orange blossom filled the room.

fragrant adj. aromatic, odorous, redolent, perfumed, balmy, odoriferous, ambrosial, sweet-scented, sweet-smelling: A fragrant breeze

 

wafted over the meadow.

frail

adj. 1 See fragile. 2 ailing, unwell, ill, sick, sickly,

 

poorly, thin, skinny, slight, puny, scrawny, wasting or fading

 

away, languishing, infirm, feeble; crippled, consumptive,

 

phthisic: She is too frail to see visitors.

frailty

n. 1 weakness, infirmity, delicate condition, feebleness,

 

fragility, delicacy: The doctors are concerned about his

 

frailty. 2 susceptibility, liability, suggestibility,

 

impressionability, vulnerability; fallibility, foible, flaw,

 

defect, imperfection, fault: You just said that to take

 

advantage of my frailty. Her vanity is her greatest frailty.

frame

n. 1 framework, shell, form, skeleton, support, chassis,

 

framing, structure, fabric, scaffolding, construction: We made

 

a frame of sticks over which the canvas was stretched. 2

 

border, casing, case-mounting, mount, edge, edging; setting:

 

This picture would look best in a gold frame. 3 system, form,

 

pattern, scheme, schema, plan, order, organization, framework,

 

structure, construct, construction, arrangement, blueprint,

 

design, layout, composition, context, make-up, configuration:

 

The proposed new department does not fit into the present frame

 

of the company. 4 physique, build, bone structure, body,

 

skeleton, figure: He has an unusually large frame for a dancer.

 

5 frame of mind. mood, humour, state, condition, attitude, bent,

disposition: I am not in the right frame of mind to put up with your nonsense at the moment.

--v. 6 construct, build, put together, assemble, set up, put up, erect, raise, elevate: We framed the entire house in two days. 7 make, fashion, form, mould, carve out, forge, originate, create, devise, compose, formulate, put together,

conceive, draw up, draft, shape, block out, give form or shape to; contrive: The founding fathers met to frame a new constitution. 8 enclose, box (in); set off: I like the way you've framed that painting. 9 set up, incriminate (fraudulently), trap, entrap: Did Dr Crippen kill his wife or was he framed?

frank adj. 1 open, free, candid, direct, outspoken, unreserved, uninhibited, honest, sincere, genuine, truthful, plain-spoken, forthright, downright, explicit, unrestrained, unchecked, unconstrained, unrestricted, unabashed: I asked for a frank appraisal of my work and, unfortunately, he gave it. 2 candid, na‹ve, guileless, artless, ingenuous, innocent, (open and) above-board, on the up and up, Colloq upfront, on the level: The boy's description of the events was completely frank.

frantic adj. frenzied, excited, frenetic, nervous, overwrought, excitable, wrought up, distracted, distraught, beside oneself, hysterical, wild, berserk, mad, running amok; upset, agitated, perturbed, at one's wit's end, disconcerted, confused; hectic; Colloq in a state, in a tizzy, up the wall, in a dither, out of

one's mind, Chiefly US and Canadian discombobulated: They are frantic because they haven't heard from Edmund in a week.

fraternal adj. brotherly, platonic, friendly, comradely, idealistic, intellectual: He insists that his interest in her is purely fraternal.

fraternity

n. 1 community, brotherhood, crowd, set, clique, coterie, circle, society, US club: Rumours have been circulating in the academic fraternity for months. 2 brotherliness, kinship, fellowship, camaraderie, sodality, comradeship, friendship, companionship, relatedness, closeness, association, affiliation, solidarity, unity, esprit de corps, clannishness: A sense of

fraternity prevents them from betraying one another. 3 company,

guild, clan, league, club, union, society, association: She has joined the fraternity of legal clerks.

fraternize

v. consort (with), associate (with), socialize (with), go

(around or round) with or together, spend time with or together, keep company (with), hobnob with, mingle (with), mix (with), take up with or together, keep up (with), fall in with, rub shoulders (with), Colloq hang out (with or together), hang about or around with or together: Soldiers are forbidden to

fraternize, which means they are not allowed to fraternize with local people.

fraud n. 1 deception, trickery, cheating, sharp practice, chicanery, deceit, swindling, double-dealing, duplicity, artifice, craft,

guile, humbug, humbuggery, treachery, Colloq monkey business, funny business, hanky-panky: The company directors have been convicted of fraud. 2 trick, hoax, swindle, deception, cheat, wile, stratagem, dodge, bilk, ruse, sham, fake, subterfuge, Colloq flimflam, Slang gyp, rip-off, scam: The investigation exposed extensive fraud in the handling of local government funds. 3 deceiver, trickster, cheat(er), impostor, swindler, charlatan, humbug, sharper, shark, bilk(er), quack, mountebank, fake(r), pretender, bluff(er), confidence man, inveigler, defrauder; scoundrel, rogue, Archaic knave; Colloq con man or artist, phoney or US also phony, flimflam artist, flimflammer,

US and Canadian four-flusher; Slang US barracuda: He is a fraud who extracts protection money from the elderly.

fraudulent

n. 1 fake, counterfeit, forged, false, falsified, spurious, imitation, sham, pinchbeck, Colloq phoney or US also phony: These banknotes are fraudulent. 2 deceitful, dishonest, criminal, deceptive, tricky, artful, crafty, double-dealing, duplicitous, shifty, guileful, sharp, Colloq shady, crooked, bent: Substituting paste for diamonds is a fraudulent act.

fraught adj. 1 Usually, fraught with. filled or charged or packed with, loaded with, teeming or replete or overflowing with, oversupplied with, abounding or abundant in, attended or accompanied by: The scene was fraught with emotion. 2 tense, taut, stressful, trying, anxious, distressing, distressful,

upsetting, nerve-racking or nerve-wracking, fretful, strained,

 

traumatic: Relations between the two countries became even more

 

fraught following the incident.

fray°

n. disturbance, skirmish, fight, battle, brawl, tussle,

 

scuffle, fracas, mˆl‚e or melee, Donnybrook, wrangle, rumpus,

 

row, quarrel, dispute, altercation, Law affray, Colloq ruckus,

 

punch-up: He leapt into the fray and fought like a tiger.

frayý

v. shred, wear (thin or threadbare), wear out, rub, abrade,

 

chafe, ravel, unravel, frazzle: He saves his frayed shirts to

 

wear at home.

freak

n. 1 monstrosity, monster, mutant, deformity: The show

 

features freaks such as a two-headed calf and a bearded lady. 2

 

anomaly, rarity, abnormality, irregularity, oddity, curiosity,

 

rara avis, rare bird, Brit one-off, Colloq one-shot: Biologists

 

regard the albino giraffe as a freak of nature. 3 whim,

 

caprice, vagary, crotchet, quirk, eccentricity, fancy,

 

idiosyncrasy, peculiarity: The snow in New York in July was a

 

freak. 4 enthusiast, fan, devotee, aficionado; fanatic, addict;

 

Colloq buff, fiend, nut: She's been a jazz freak for years.

 

--adj. 5 freakish, freaky, abnormal, anomalous, extraordinary,

 

unique, rare, atypical, unusual, odd, queer, strange,

 

exceptional, bizarre, weird, unparalleled, unforeseen,

 

unexpected, unpredicted, unpredictable, Brit one-off, Colloq

 

one-shot: He claims he had a freak experience with a lion that

 

had a thorn in its foot.

free

adj. 1 at liberty, unfettered, unchained, unshackled,

 

unconfined, untrammelled, unencumbered, unrestrained,

 

unrestricted, unconstrained, uncontrolled, free-born,

 

independent, self-governing, self-governed, self-ruling,

 

autonomous, democratic, sovereign: These people want to be

 

free. It's a free country. 2 liberated, at large, let go, let

 

off, emancipated, delivered, manumitted, set free, unshackled,

 

unfettered, released, freed, loose, out, Colloq sprung, on the

 

loose: After ten years he was free at last. 3 unoccupied,

 

unengaged, at liberty, not busy, available, accessible; unused,

 

vacant, empty, spare, extra, uninhabited, untenanted: Are you

 

free for dinner tonight? Here is a free room we can use for the

 

meeting. 4 cost-free, free of charge, complimentary, gratis, for

 

nothing, without cost (or obligation), unencumbered, Colloq for

free, on the house: The food was free but we paid for our drinks. 5 unattached, unfastened, untied, loose: Tie the free end of the rope round your waist. 6 unasked for, unsolicited, gratuitous, unbidden, voluntary, spontaneous, unconditioned, unconditional: Let me give you some free advice. 7 generous, lavish, open, liberal, munificent, unstinting, bountiful, open-handed, unsparing; charitable: Fred is quite free with his donations to good causes. 8 relaxed, casual, informal, free and easy, easy, natural, unceremonious, Colloq laid-back: He is quite free about letting me use his car. 9 open, above-board, honest, direct, outspoken, uninhibited, unconstrained, unrestrained, relaxed: You can be free in your criticism. 10

unhindered, unimpeded, unencumbered, unhampered, unobstructed, allowed, permitted, able, clear, unrestricted, unregulated:

She's free to do as she pleases. The two countries have signed a free-trade agreement. 11 free of. rid of, exempt(ed) from, relieved of, safe from, not liable or subject to, immune from, unaffected by, above, without, untouched by: He thinks he is free of her influence.

--adv. 12 freely, openly, at will, unrestrictedly, loose;

loosely: Our dog runs free on the farm. Let the rope hang free. 13 gratis, at no cost, free of charge, without charge: They give new businesses advice free.

--v. 14 set free, set at liberty, enfranchise, release, let go, liberate, let out, let loose, unloose, unchain, unfetter, uncage; emancipate, disenthrall, manumit; pardon, parole,

furlough: Bail was paid and we were freed. Lincoln freed the slaves. He was freed after six years in prison. 15 disengage, untie, unbind, loose, unfasten, undo, unshackle, unlock, open, release, disentangle, loosen, detach, extricate: Free the end of that rope. 16 relieve, rid, unburden, disburden, disencumber, unbosom; rescue, redeem: Free yourself of any preconceived notions on the subject.

freedom n. 1 liberty, independence, self-government, self-determination, self-direction, autonomy: Democracy is based on the freedom of the individual. 2 release, deliverance, liberation, emancipation, manumission: Will these people ever get their freedom? 3 exemption, immunity, deliverance, liberation, relief: All citizens should enjoy freedom from want. 4 range, latitude, scope, play, deregulation,

 

non-interference, discretion, margin, free hand, discretion;

 

facility, ease, licence, permission, right, privilege,

 

authority, authorization, power, carte blanche: He must have

 

the freedom to make decisions. I have the freedom to do as I

 

wish. 5 free time, leisure, spare time: I like a lot of freedom

 

to do things in my own time. 6 candour, honesty, openness,

 

frankness, candidness, unrestraint, unconstraint, naturalness:

 

Freedom of speech is practised here. 7 boldness,

 

overfamiliarity, audacity, audaciousness, forwardness,

 

brazenness, brass, impertinence, impudence, disrespect,

 

arrogance, presumption, presumptuousness, nerve, gall: Where

 

does she get the freedom to talk to you that way?

freely

adv. 1 candidly, frankly, openly, unreservedly, without

 

reserve, unrestrainedly, without restraint, unconstrainedly,

 

without constraint, unceremoniously, plainly: Please speak

 

freely. 2 willingly, spontaneously, readily, voluntarily, on

 

(one's) own, independently, of (one's) own accord, of (one's)

 

own volition or free will: I didn't send for her - she came to

 

me freely. 3 unrestrainedly, unrestrictedly, without

 

restriction, without let or hindrance, without interference: He

 

was allowed to move freely about the island. 4 liberally,

 

lavishly, unreservedly, generously, unstintingly, open-handedly,

 

ungrudgingly, munificently, amply, plentifully, abundantly: He

 

has no money to donate but he gives freely of his time. 5

 

readily, easily, smoothly, cleanly, unobstructedly: With the

 

obstacle removed, the water ran freely through the pipes.

freeze

v. 1 chill, refrigerate, ice, deep-freeze, flash-freeze, frost:

 

If you freeze the leftovers, they keep better. 2 solidify,

 

congeal, harden, stiffen, ice up or over: When the lake

 

freezes, we can go skating. 3 fix, immobilize, paralyse, stop

 

(dead or dead in one's tracks), stay, pin, transfix, Gorgonize;

 

become fixed, stand (stock-)still or motionless; peg, stick,

 

set: She froze him with an icy stare. He froze to the spot in

 

horror. Rates of exchange are no longer frozen. 4 freeze out.

 

exclude, debar, ban, reject, ostracize; eject, drive away or

 

out, expel, force out: When he tried to join the club, he was

 

frozen out.

 

--n. 5 frost, Brit freeze-up, US ice-up, deep-freeze: There

 

will be a freeze tonight in northern counties. 6 fix,

 

immobilization: The government has put a freeze on wages.

freezing adj. frigid, icy, arctic, frosty, boreal, hyperboreal, numbing, Siberian, polar, glacial, ice-cold, wintry, bone-chilling,

bitter, biting, bitter(ly) cold, perishing, cold, chill, tooth-chattering; chilled to the bone, frozen, shivering, Archaic frore: The rescue was performed under freezing conditions. We were freezing in our thin jackets.

freight

n. 1 transport, transportation, carriage, conveyance, shipping,

shipment, freightage, delivery: The charges for freight are

included. 2 goods, cargo, tonnage, freightage; load, boatload,

shipload, lorry load, haul, consignment, payload: How much

freight passes through here?

frenzy

n. 1 excitement, agitation, fury, fever, Brit furore or US

furor, passion, turmoil, transport: The crowd was whipped into a frenzy at the match. 2 distraction, paroxysm, seizure, outburst, bout, fit: She went into a frenzy of despair after

the death of her family.

frequent adj. 1 recurrent, recurring, habitual, regular, familiar, everyday, customary, usual, ordinary, normal, common, repeated, iterative, reiterative, persistent, continuing, continual,

constant; many, numerous, countless, innumerable: She was a frequent visitor at our house. She paid us frequent visits.

--v. 2 haunt, patronize, visit, resort to, go to or attend regularly, Colloq hang out or around at: Yes, Inspector, I used to frequent the pub called The Saracen's Head.

frequently

adv. 1 often, regularly, continually, repeatedly, over and over (again), again and again, a lot, many times, many a time, time after time, time and (time) again, Archaic oftentimes, oft-times: She has visited me frequently during the past weeks. 2 often, habitually, customarily, regularly, usually,

ordinarily, generally, commonly, every so often, many a time, as often as not, Archaic oftentimes, oft-times: He frequently

stops at The Golden Hind after work.

fresh adj. 1 new, today's, brand-new; (most) recent, late(st): Don't you love the smell of fresh bread? This is the product of fresh research. 2 new, modern, up to date, novel, original,