in
your
culture
is
the
best or the only way of doing things. In other words, you should not
be
in
any
way "ethnocentric".
Second,
you must be
adaptable.
To live successfully in
another
culture, particularly in one that is
very
different from your own, you have to
adapt
to
differences:
not only visible differences of
food,
climate, customs, but also to the invisible differences — the
ways in which people of
other
cultures understand and interpret the world, and their different
values.
Third,
you need to
be sensitive.
That means being able to
see things
from the other person's point of
view
and being careful to avoid doing things
that
people of
other
culture might find strange or
offensive,
even if
in your
culture
such
things
are
quite OK.
Fourth,
you need to be
interested
in other cultures, which is
closely
related to
the
three qualities mentioned above. A multiculturalist is
a
person who has a genuine interest in people of
other
cultures,
who
wants to learn their language, find out about their country and its
history, and develop a real understanding of
their
culture. Perhaps, it's
this quality,
more
than any other, which best describes a multicultural person.
Ex.
1. Answer
ike
questions.
What
kind of person can be called a multiculturalist?
What
does "to be open-minded" mean?
What
visible
and
invisible
differences do
people
have
to
adapt living
in
another
culture?
How
does a sensitive person see
the
world?
Should
a multicultural person be
interested
in other cultures?
How
does a real multiculturalist demonstrate his interest in
other cultures?
Ex.2.
Give English equivalents for:
npHCTocoByBaracH,
rpoMa/yiHHH
cBixy,
raoGajibHe
cycniubcxBO, HeynepezpKeHHH,
cy/wra
(npo), ycniumo, xpajxHiiii',
HyxjiHBHH,
3 tohkh
iimpa
3auiKaBJieHicxb
Ex.3.
Make the following sentences complete.
A
person who can easily is a multiculturalist.
To
be
a
multicultural
person
you need
Not
to
be "ethnocentric"
you should be
open-minded,
which means
4. Visible
differences you have to adapt living in another culture
include
Invisible
differences are
Being
sensitive means
A
multicultural person has a genuine interest and wants to
Ex.4.
Discuss the questions in class.
What
does being a multiculturalist mean to you?
Which
other qualities do you think a multiculturalist should have?
Would
you describe yourself as a multicultural person? Why?
Read
and discuss the texts.
A
British manager is talking about social customs. He is giving
advice about three different countries to a group of his
colleagues who are going abroad on business. Text
1
It's
very important to know about the differences in culture between
your country and the country you are going to visit or you are
working in. You can make mistakes and offend people if you don't
know the customs.
Handshaking
is the first example. In this country they shake hands much more
than we do. So you mustn't forget to do that.
Another
difference is that at work they use first names much less than we do
here in Britain. So it's preferable to call people by their family
names.
Food
and wine take a very important place in this country, so at a
business lunch never start discussing business immediately. That
might seem like bad manners. If you get an invitation to a person's
home, take good chocolates, flowers, or a good bottle of cognac.
Don't take wine: they drink it every day — it's too ordinary...
Text
2
In
Britain we sometimes are five or ten minutes late for a meeting but
in this country you should arrive on time, because people are very
punctual, especially in work situations. They usually arrive at the
arranged time or even earlier.
Family
names are more common at work. People often use titles — Doctor,
Professor, and so on. Please, remember to do the same. Your foreign
colleague will tell you if he or she wants you to use their first
name.
30Py jhuiOl JlIOflHhh, yHhKaTh, 06pa3hhbhh, MaTh xiChhh 3b'330k 3
You
shouldn't try to be humorous or make jokes with people you don't
know well, because it might make them feel uncomfortable. Business
meetings are usually very serious. At a first meeting it's normal to
exchange business cards, but I don't recommend you to do this until
the end of the meeting.
For
social invitations, flowers or chocolates are suitable gifts. And
you should give an odd number of flowers, say, seven or eleven, and
present them without the wrapping paper... Text
3
When
you go to this country, take plenty of business cards with you. They
usually exchange cards at the beginning of a meeting, and they
always read your card very carefully. You should do the same with
theirs. If you don't, they might think it rude.
If
you want to succeed in business, you must learn to be patient,
because it takes longer to make decisions in this country than it
does in Britain. And don't forget that when they say "Yes",
they may mean "I understand", but not "I agree".
It may cause misunderstanding.
And
a final piece of advice — it's not common, but if you invited to a
person's home, remember to take off your shoes before going inside.
So make sure you are
wearing
clean socks!
Ex.
I.
Say
the fallowing in English:
Bi.'JMiHHocri
y Kyjiwypi, poGnrn
noMHJiKH,
oSpaaca™,
nonicKarn
pyKii, ooroBopiOBaTH
cnpaiui,
?ani
mioBarucb
na
ioopii,
unaciio,
/KapryBaiH, ooMimoBaTuca BnuTKaMH, oGropnca,
rpyoitfi. Henopo3yMmHfl.
Ex.2.
You are giving advice to your new class mate. Decide what a new
person must/mustn't,
should/shouldn't, needn't do.
Read the list below. If necessary, add more ideas.
MODEL.
You
mustn't smoke in class.
Introduce
yourself
Ask
questions
Tell
people if you have problems
Arrive
punctually every day
Be
late for the lesson
Have
a daily meeting with your English teacher
Try
to learn people's names
Practise
speaking English as much as possible
Wear
a uniform
Use
teacher's first name in class
Ex.5.
Discuss in class if these statements are true about customs in
your country.
Yes
No It depends
Friends
and colleagues do not shake hands every day. They shake hands only
when they meet for the first time.
In
work situations business people exchange business cards at a
first meeting.
It's
very important to be punctual.
Students
use teachers' first names in class.
Colleagues
generally use family names at work.
People
don't usually socialize with their colleagues outside working
hours. They prefer to keep their work and private life separate.
When
you're invited to a birthday party to your friend's home, it's
usual to arrive half an hour later.
When
people give flowers as a gift, they give an odd, not an even,
number, and in wrapping paper.
Ex.6.
GIVING ADVICE. Your neighbour is a foreign visitor. Answer your
neighbour's questions about your culture.
1.
Tell me about your day-to-day living. Do you pay tips in cafes,
bars, restaurants? And fast-food places? What about taxis? -
2.
How about shopping? My job will keep me busy five days a week, so
when is the best time to make a big weekly shopping? On a weekday
evening? On Saturday or Sunday morning? -
Ex.1.
Give name to each paragraph of this text.
3. Where
is the best place to make my shopping? -
4. What
do you think I should do to get to know the city? Where
should I
go? What should I do? Is there anything I should avoid?
Ex.2.
Answer the questions.
Which
nationalities in Europe usually use a lot of gestures when they
speak?
Which
nationalities in Europe usually use very few gestures when they
speak?
What
is a "personal space"?
Why
does a north European move away form the person he is talking to?
5. Which
nationalities move closer to the person they are talking to?
Why?
6. Which
nationalities stand a "wrist zone"?
Ex.3.
Match the adjectives to the appropriate descriptions
5.
Do foreigners have to do anything official: for example, to
register with the local police? Do I need to carry my identity
card? Is there anything I shouldn't do as a foreigner?
Read
and discuss the text.
Oxford
University research psychologist, Dr Peter Collett, examined some
of the differences in the "body language" among
Europeans.
CULTURALDIFFERENCES
IN BODY LANGUAGE Dr
Collett says that if we compare the way different European nations
use gestures, they fall into three major groups. The Nordic nations
belong to the first group. These are the Swedes, Finns, Norwegians,
and Danes. They use gestures very little. The second group, which
includes the British, Germans, Dutch, Belgians, and Russians, use
some gestures when they are excited, or want to communicate over
long distances, or insult each other. The third group use gestures
a lot, to emphasize what they are saying, or to hold the other
person's attention. They are the Italians, Greeks, French, Spanish,
and Portuguese.
The
distance that separates one person from another - "personal
space"— also varies between people of different
nationalities. What is right for one nationality may be
uncomfortable for another. People stand close enough to touch each
other easily in such countries as France, Spain, Greece, and Italy.
British zoologist, Desmond Morris calls this the "elbow zone".
In the countries of East Europe such as Hungary, Poland, and
Romania, people stand a "wrist zone", that is a little
more distant. They are close enough to touch wrists. But in the
Scandinavian countries, in Britain, Holland, Belgium, and
Germany, people stand further away from each other - the
"fingertips zone".
Adjective
A
person who... A
efficient 1 arrives
on time B
sociable
2
isn't
rude C
punctual
3
enjoys
the company of other people D
agreeable
4
always
tells the truth E
honest
5
adapts
successfully to various situations F
patient
6
really
means what he or she says G
polite
7
waits
without getting angry H
ambitious
8
doesn't
waste time and works well I
sincere 9
is
pleasant and friendly J
flexible 10 wants
to succeed
Ex.4.
Turn adjectives from the exercise 3 to nouns. MODEL.
Efficient
- efficiency
Ex.5.
Do the quiz. Then you may check your answers with the 'Answer Key'.
7.
Spain
You
want to taste the local cuisine. How late can you eat out?
Restaurants
close at 9p.m., so you have to finish your meal by this time.
Spanish
restaurants stay open all night.
You
can eat very late, because Spaniards often eat after I I p.m.
a) You
are not allowed to
drink alcohol in Central
Park,
b) You
should use a glass
or a straw.
c) It
is forbidden to drink
alcohol in Central Park
unless
the bottle or can is
covered.
a)
Chewing gum is forbidden
by
law. B)
Tour quides are forbidden
to
accept gifts, c) Chewing gum is given to
animals.
Stay
too long.
Talk
to other people there,
You
shouldn't wash yourself,
1. China
You
are invited to a
person's
house. Which of the following may cause offence?
2. Saudi
You
want to hire a car
Arabia
to
tour the country. Is
this
allowed?
Blowing
you nose,
Refusing
an offer of food,
Not
taking your shoes off before entering the house.
a) Yes,
but you must take a
test first,
Yes,
but only if you are not a woman
No,
tourists have to travel by canel
a) Nothing,
A
towelling robe.
A
bath hat.
Eat
it: it is a dessert,
Ride
it: it is a bicycle.
Wear
it: it is a national dress.
Yes,
but you are to remove your shoes.
Yes.
c) You
may enter only if
you're a Muslim.
a) Any
amount: there are no
drink-driving laws,
Two.
None,
8.
USA
You
are peacefully drinking a can of beer in Central Park. But suddenly
you are approached by the police, Why?
3. Finland
You
are planning to re-
lax
in a Finnish sauna, What should you wear?
4. Cyprus
On
a village tour, a lo-
cal
resident offers you a glyco.
What
should you do with it?
5. Morocco
You
would like to visit
a
mosque (a national Muslim church). Will you be allowed to go
inside?
6. Sweden
You
go out for a meal,
How
many glasses of a wine can you drink before driving back home?
You
suggest a piece of
Singapore
chewing
gum to your
tour
guide, but he looks shocked. Why?
10.
Japan
Staying
in a Japanese
hotel
you decide to relax in traditional, shared bath. What
mustn't
you do in a bath tub?
Answer
Key to the Quiz.
b.
It is very impolite to refuse food.
b.
Women are forbidden to drive.
a.
It is unhygienic to wear anything.
a.
A glyco
is
a traditional dish. It is given as a welcome to visi tors. It's
impolite
to refuse it or offer money for it.