Unit II Nanotechnologies and nanomaterials in electronics Word List

assume	/ q'sjHm /	допускать, предполагать
challenge	/ 'CxlInG /	сложная задача, проблема; ставить под сомнение, оспаривать; требовать (усилий)
deliver	/ dI'lIvq /	поставлять; передавать
dispersion	/ dIs'pE:S(q)n /	рассеивание; распространение
embrace	/ Im'breIs /	включать; охватывать
emerge	/ I'mE:G /	появляться, возникать
feature	/ 'fJCq /	особенность; характерная черта; элемент
handle	/ 'hxndl /	управлять, регулировать; справляться
identify	/ aI'dentIfaI /	устанавливать, определять; опознавать, распознавать
impact	/ 'Impxkt /	влияние, воздействие
imply	/ Im'plaI /	значить, подразумевать
incorporate	/ In'kLp(q)reIt /	соединять(ся), объединять(ся); включать
leap	/ lJp /	прыжок, скачок
novel	/ 'nPv(q)l /	неизвестный; новый

Part A

1. Compare the meanings of the following English words with the Russian ones. They may have different meanings.

Nanotechnology, term, phenomenon, utilize, design, production, structure, potential, individual, organization, film, optical, cosmetics, communication, technology, interference, physiology, generate, central, evolution, nature.

2. Define the following words as parts of speech and give the initial words of the following derivatives.

Engineering, characterization, application, experienced, assumption, embracing, environmental, protection, emergence, encountered, versatility, inorganic, semiconductor, incorporation, capability, novelize, quantum, computing, identification.

3. From the given words form a) nouns; b) adjectives; c) adverbs and translate them into Russian:

a) build, compute, function, calculate, pollute, limit, inform, imply, reduce, produce, interfere, differ, develop;

b) environment, electron, tradition, optics, significance, benefit, science, atom, differ;

c) radical, ready, especial, intentional, actual, direct, common, previous, wide, undoubted.

4. Fill in the gaps with the words derived from the words in brackets.

Nanotechnology, shortened to “nanotech”, is the study of the control of matter on an (atom) and molecular scale. (General) nanotechnology deals with structures of the size 100 nanometers or smaller. Nanotechnology is very diverse, ranging from extensions of (convention) device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to investigating whether we can (direct) control matter on the (atom) scale.

Nanotechnology has the potential to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of (apply), such as in medicine, (electron) and energy (produce).

5. Find words in paragraph 2 of the text which mean:

1) the force of impression of one thing on another;

2) practical purpose for which a machine, idea etc. can be used;

3) having a good effect;

4) a characteristic quality of anything;

5) any fact or happening which can be observed or can be known through the senses;

6) a very thin layer of a substance on a supporting material;

7) a microscopic particle whose size is measured in nanometers;

8) taking in or including as a part, item, or element of a more inclusive whole;

9) a branch of electronics that deals with electronic devices for emitting, modulating, transmitting, and sensing light;

10) difficulties in a job.

6. Fill in the gaps with one of the following words: impact, features, challenge, novel, emerge, deliver, incorporated, assumed.

1. Unusual physical, chemical, and biological properties can … in materials at the nanoscale.

2. In the application of the substance, these individual particles may be … into a quantity of another substance, which could be a gas, a liquid or a solid.

3. Perhaps the greatest … to benefiting from nanotechnology is having the foresight to develop and use it wisely.

4. As a new field, nanotechnology is just beginning to … on its promise.

5. In addition, nanoparticles may also spread and persist in the environment, and therefore have an … on the environment.

6. This report has … that, unless otherwise stated, “ultrafine particles” are essentially equivalent to nanoparticles.

7. … mechanical properties of nanomaterials is a subject of nanomechanics research.

8. Many chemicals and chemical processes have nanoscale … .

7. Read the text and name the key points raised in it.