Саушкин О. В. Тяговый расчет трактора
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5. I_j_^ZqZ Lhieb\gh wdhghfbq_kdb_ iZjZf_lju
N |
Pd, |
Pd, |
Gl, |
g_, |
Gdj, |
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dG |
DG |
d] q |
]/d<l q |
]/d<l q |
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1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
9999,9 |
9999,9 |
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2 |
3.38 |
7.38 |
6.81 |
484.9 |
1144.7 |
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3 |
10.78 |
14.76 |
9.39 |
339.2 |
507.4 |
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4 |
18.14 |
22.14 |
11.89 |
290.7 |
391.1 |
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5 |
25.52 |
29.52 |
14.30 |
266.5 |
344.9 |
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6 |
32.89 |
36.89 |
16.64 |
252.0 |
324.0 |
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7 |
35.97 |
39.97 |
16.36 |
255.0 |
330.8 |
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8 |
37.81 |
41.81 |
15.63 |
263.4 |
346.4 |
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9 |
38.43 |
42.43 |
14.52 |
277.2 |
367.5 |
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43
Ijbeh`_gb_
LY=H<UC J:KQ?L DHE?KGH=H LJ:DLHJ: D Z
Bkoh^gu_ ^Zggu_
Bkoh^gu_ ^Zggu_ ih aZ^Zgbx
Ghf_j aZ^Zgby GhfbgZevgh_ ly]h\h_ mkb- eb_ Lbi ^\b`bl_ey ljZdlhjZ GZagZq_gb_ ljZdlhjZ L_hj_lbq_kdZy kdhjhklv gZ hc i_j_^Zq_ Dhebq_kl\h i_j_^Zq Ihq\_gguc nhg
2-5-21-4
14 dG
Dhe_kguc D Z
K_evkdhohayckl\_gguc
df q
4
Kl_jgy dhehkh\uo
>hihegbl_evgu_ bkoh^gu_ ^Zggu_> @*
Lbi ljZdlhjZ |
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IZjZf_lju |
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ϕ djg |
ϕ djij |
λ kl |
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λ |
f |
δ g |
δ ij |
k |
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Dhe_kguc |
0,40 |
0,60 |
0,65 |
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1 |
0,10 |
0,16 |
0,50 |
0,31 |
D Z |
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Ihjy^hd ly]h\h]h jZkq_lZ
Hij_^_ey_f wdkiemZlZpbhgguc \_k b fZkkm ljZdlhjZ
Gw |
= |
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Pdjg |
= |
14000 |
= 35000 |
G = 35 dG ; |
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ϕ djg |
λ |
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0,4 |
1 |
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mw |
= |
Gw |
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35000 |
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3567 d] , |
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g |
9,81 |
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]^_ dhgkljmdpbhggZy fZkkZ md ljZdlhjZ jZ\gZ
md |
= |
mw |
= |
3567 |
= 3100 d] , |
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1,15 |
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kd |
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]^_ kd = 1,15 ^ey dhe_kguo ljZdlhjh\ ijbe
*) Ijbf_qZgb_: ijb\h^ylky kkuedb lhevdh gZ ebl_jZlmjgu_ bklhqgbdb kibkhd dhlhjuo ijb\_^_g \ dhgp_ ^Zggh]h ijbf_jZ
44
Hij_^_ey_f kbem khijhlb\e_gby dZq_gbx ljZdlhjZ
Pf = f Gw = 0,10 35 = 3,5 dG .
Hij_^_ey_f ghfbgZevgmx dZkZl_evgmx kbem ly]b
Pdg = Pdjg + Pf = 14 + 3,5 = 17,5 dG .
Hij_^_ey_f ij_^_evgu_ ih kp_ie_gbx kbem ly]b gZ djxd_ b dZkZ- l_evgmx kbem ly]b
Pdjij |
= |
ϕ djij |
λ |
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Gw |
= |
0,6 1 35 = |
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21 dG ; |
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Pdij |
= |
Pdjij |
+ |
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Pf |
= |
21 + 3,5 = |
24,5 dG . |
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Hij_^_ey_f klZlbq_kdmx gZ]jmadm gZ hkb ljZdlhjZ |
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Y1kl |
= |
(1 − |
λ |
kl ) |
Gw |
= |
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0,35 35 = 12,25 dG ; |
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Y2kl |
= |
λ kl |
Gw = |
0,65 35 = 22,75 dG . |
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Hij_^_ey_f ^bgZfbq_kdmx gZ]jmadm gZ hkb ljZdlhjZ ijb Pdj = Pdjg |
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Y1g |
= |
Y1kl − |
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hdj Pdjg |
= |
12,25 − |
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0,4 14 |
= |
10,0 dG ; |
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L |
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2,45 |
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Y2g |
= |
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Y2kl + |
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hdj |
Pdjg |
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= 22,75 |
+ |
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0,4 14 |
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= 25dG , |
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L |
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2,45 |
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]^_ ijbgbfZ_f hdj = |
0,4 f ; |
L = |
2,45 f ljZdlhj ijhlhlbi FLA |
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>ey ih^[hjZ ig_\fhrbg hij_^_ey_f jZkq_lgu_ gZ gbo gZ]jmadbklZlbq_kdmx gZ]jmadm ^ey i_j_^g_]h fhklZ b ^bgZfbq_kdmx ^ey aZ^g_-
]h fhklZ
Q1 |
= dg1 |
Y1kl |
= 6,5 dG ; Q2 = |
dg2 |
Y2g |
= 16,25 dG , |
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2 |
2 |
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]^_ dhwnnbpb_glu gZ]jmadb rbg hl gZ\_rb\Z_fuo hjm^bc dg1 = dg 2 =1,3, b \u[bjZ_f ^Z\e_gb_ \ha^moZ \ ig_\fhrbgZo
p1r = 140 dIZ, p2r = 120 dIZ .
Ih jZkq_lguf agZq_gbyf ih khhl\_lkl\mxsbf lZ[ebpZf ijb\_^_g- gufb \ =HKL Rbgu ig_\fZlbq_kdb_ ^ey ljZdlhjh\ b k_evkdhoh- ayckl\_gguo fZrbg kf Ijbe ih^[bjZ_f rbgu l_ogbq_kdb_ ^Zggu_ dh- lhjuo ijb\_^_gu \ lZ[e
L_ogbq_kdb_ ^Zggu_ ig_\fhrbg
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H[hagZq_gb_ |
K\h[h^guc |
RbjbgZ |
‹ |
Hkv ljZdlhjZ |
rbgu ih |
^bZf_lj D , |
ijhnbey b , |
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=HKL |
f |
f |
1 |
I_j_^gyy |
9,5-32 |
1,24 |
0,241 |
2 |
AZ^gyy |
15,5R38 |
1,57 |
0,394 |
Hij_^_ey_f ^bgZfbq_kdb_ jZ^bmku ig_\fhrbg ih ijb[eb`_gghc wfibjbq_kdhc nhjfme_
45
r^1 |
= |
0,5 D1 − |
(0,14...0,18) b1 |
= |
0,5 1,24 − |
0,16 0,241 = |
0,58 f ; |
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r^2 |
= |
0,5 D2 − |
(0,14...0,18) b2 |
= |
0,5 1,57 − |
0,16 0,394 = |
0,72 f . |
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IjbgbfZ_f wlb agZq_gby jZ^bmkh\ \ dZq_kl\_ jZkq_lguo ^ey \k_o j_`bfh\ |
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gZ]jm`_gby dhe_k ljZdlhjZ |
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Ijhba\h^bf ^ey jy^Z agZq_gbc Pd ih^kq_l dhwnnbpb_glh\ [mdkh- |
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\Zgby ih nhjfme_ |
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Pd |
k |
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Pd |
0,31 |
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δ = δ ij |
1 − |
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= 0,5 1 − |
1 − |
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1 − |
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24,5 |
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b j_amevlZlu jZkq_lZ k\h^bf \ lZ[e
Ih ^Zgguf lZ[e kljhbf djb\mx [mdkh\Zgby ijh_dlbjm_fh]h ljZdlhjZ kf ijbeh`_gb_ jbk
AZ\bkbfhklv [mdkh\Zgby hl ly]h\hc kbeu Pdj
‹ |
Pd , dG |
Pdj , dG |
δ |
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1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
6,13 |
2,63 |
0,04 |
3 |
9,19 |
5,71 |
0,07 |
4 |
12,25 |
8,75 |
0,10 |
5 |
15,30 |
11,8 |
0,13 |
6 |
17,50 |
14,0 |
0,16 |
7 |
21,51 |
18,0 |
0,24 |
8 |
24,52 |
21,0 |
0,50 |
>ey aZ^Zggh]h qbkeZ i_j_^Zq n = 4 bkihevamy \ dZq_kl\_ ijhlhlb- iZ ljZgkfbkkbx ljZdlhjZ FLA kljhbf dbg_fZlbq_kdmx ko_fm ijh_dlb- jm_fh]h ljZdlhjZ jbk b ih g_c hij_^_ey_f khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ qbkeZ ih- exkh\ aZp_ie_gby am[qZluo dhe_k
• |
\ ijb\h^_ d i_j_^g_fm fhklm n1 = 4, n2 |
= 3, n3 |
= 0 ; |
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• |
\ ijb\h^_ d aZ^g_fm fhklm n1 |
= 3, n2 |
= |
1, n3 = |
0 . |
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Hij_^_ey_f f_oZgbq_kdb_ DI> d i_j_^gbf b aZ^gbf dhe_kZf ijb- |
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\h^h\ |
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η f = η ] η lj = η ] η 1n1 η 2n2 η 3n3 , |
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]^_ ijbgbfZ_f> @ |
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η ] = 1,0 , |
η 1 = 0,99 , η |
2 |
= |
0,98 , η |
3 |
= 0,99 . |
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J_amevlZlu jZkq_lZ |
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η f1 = |
0,904; |
η |
f2 |
= |
0,951. |
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Hij_^_ey_f agZq_gb_ f_oZgbq_kdh]h DI> \k_c ljZgkfbkkbb |
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η f =α 1η f1 +α |
2η |
f =0,938, |
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]^_
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46 |
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α 1 |
= |
Y1g |
= |
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10 |
= 0,286; |
α 2 |
= |
Y2g |
= |
25 |
= 0,714 . |
Gw |
35 |
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35 |
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Gw |
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ˆ- |
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{« |
{ |
{« |
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Jbk Dbg_fZlbq_kdZy ko_fZ ljZgkfbkkbb dhe_kgh]h ljZdlhjZ D Z
jZ[hqbc ^bZiZahg
Hij_^_ey_f ihlj_[gmx ghfbgZevgmx fhsghklv ^\b]Zl_ey
Ng |
= |
Pdg vT1 |
= |
17,5 2,36 |
= 48,92 d<l , |
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ka η f |
0,9 0,938 |
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]^_ ih aZ^Zgbx vT1 = |
8,5 df / q = |
2,36 f / k . |
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Ih jZkq_lghfm agZq_gbx fhsghklb ba ijbe> @\u[bjZ_f k_jbc- guc ^\b]Zl_ev o lZdlguc ^ba_ev k iZjZf_ljZfb ijb\_^_ggufb \ lZ[e
IZjZf_lju \u[jZggh]h k_jbcgh]h ljZdlhjgh]h ^ba_ey
FZjdZ ^\b]Zl_ey |
N g , |
M g , |
ω g , |
k f |
kn |
ge , |
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d<l |
GÂf |
jZ^ k |
] d<lÂq |
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> |
51 |
232 |
219,9 |
1,12 |
1,5 |
258 |
>ey \u[jZggh]h k_jbcgh]h ^\b]Zl_ey k fhsghklvx Ng = 51 d<l hi- j_^_ey_f dhwnnbpb_gl aZ]jmadb ^\b]Zl_ey ijb jZ[hl_ ljZdlhjZ k djxdh\hc gZ]jmadhc jZ\ghc ghfbgZevghfm ly]h\hfm mkbebx Pdj = Pdjg = 14 dG :
ka |
= 0,9 |
Ng |
= |
0,9 |
48,92 |
= 0,86 . |
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51 |
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51 |
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Hij_^_ey_f ke_^mxsb_ iZjZf_lju \g_rg_c kdhjhklghc oZjZdl_jb- klbdb ^\b]Zl_ey kf lZ[e
•qZklhlu \jZs_gby \ZeZ ^\b]Zl_ey
ng = |
30 ω ^g |
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nf |
= |
ng |
; noo = 1,08 ng ; |
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π |
kn |
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•djmlysb_ fhf_glu ^\b]Zl_ey
M g = |
Ng |
; M f = k f M g ; M oo = 0 ; |
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ω ^g |
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•wnn_dlb\gu_ fhsghklb ^\b]Zl_ey
N f = ω f M f ; N o[ = 0 ;
• qZkh\u_ jZkoh^u lhieb\Z
GTg = |
geg N g |
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GTf = |
GTg |
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G |
= 0,25 G |
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1000 |
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1,25 |
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Tx |
Tg |
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•m^_evgu_ jZkoh^u lhieb\Z
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gef |
= 1000 |
GTf |
; |
gex → |
∞ . |
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N ef |
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IZjZf_lju \g_rg_c kdhjhklghc oZjZdl_jbklbdb ^ba_ey |
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‹ |
J_`bf jZ[hlu |
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n^ , |
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M ^ , |
ge , |
GT , |
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^\b]Zl_ey |
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fbg-1 |
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d<l |
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] d<lÂq |
d] q |
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1 |
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nf |
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1400 |
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38,1 |
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260 |
283 |
10,81 |
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ng |
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2100 |
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51 |
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232 |
258 |
13,16 |
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3 |
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noo |
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2260 |
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∞ |
3,29 |
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•ijb nf <n^ <ng [_aj_]meylhjgZy \_l\b <KO jZkq_l \k_o iZjZf_ljh\
<KO ijhba\h^blky gZ W<F ih ijh]jZff_ ”Ly]h\uc jZkq_l ljZdlhjZ´jZajZ- [hlZgghc gZ dZn_^j_ ³LjZdlhju´nZce C\MAMI\TEORIA\tjaga.exe). J_amev- lZlu wlbo jZkq_lh\ ijb\_^_gu \ ijbe dmjkh\hc jZ[hlu
Kljhbf ih ^Zgguf lZ[e b ^Zgguf lZ[e ijbeh`_gby \g_rgxx kdhjhklgmx oZjZdl_jbklbdm ^ba_ey > h[jZa_p hnhjfe_gby lZdhc oZjZdl_- jbklbdb kf \ ijbeh`_gbb gZ jbk
Hij_^_ey_f iZjZf_lju ihl_gpbZevghc ly]h\hc oZjZdl_jbklbdb
ljZdlhjZ ^ey jy^Z agZq_gbc Pdj ih nhjfmeZf> @:
N f = (1 − η f ) N n ; N d = N g − N f ;
48
vT = |
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N d |
v = v |
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(1 − δ ) ; |
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T |
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Pdj + Pf |
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N dj = Pdj v ; |
N f = Pf v ; |
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Nδ |
= N n − N f |
− N dj − |
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N f ; η T |
= |
N dj |
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N n |
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b j_amevlZlu jZkq_lh\ ijb\h^bf \ lZ[e
>ey ^jm]bo j_`bfh\ jZ[hlu ^\b]Zl_ey iZjZf_lju hij_^_ey_f jZkq_lhf gZ W<F ih ijh]jZff_, jZajZ[hlZgghc gZ dZn_^j_³LjZdlhju´F:FB nZce C\MAMI\ Tjaga.exe.
J_amevlZlu wlbo jZkq_lh\ ijb\_^_gu \ lZ[e ijbeh`_gby
JZkq_lgu_ iZjZf_lju ILO ljZdlhjZ |
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Pf = |
3,5 dG ; |
Ng = |
51 d<l ; |
N f = |
3,18 d<l ; |
Nd = |
47,82 d<l |
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‹ |
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Pdj , |
vT , |
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v , |
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N dj , |
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N f , |
Nδ , |
η T |
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dG |
df q |
df q |
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d<l |
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d<l |
d<l |
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49 |
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0,02 |
48 |
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46,7 |
1,12 |
0 |
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2 |
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14 |
9,84 |
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0,15 |
7,6 |
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31,8 |
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8,2 |
0,93 |
7,82 |
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21 |
7,03 |
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0,5 |
3,5 |
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20,5 |
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3,42 |
23,91 |
0,4 |
Kljhbf ih ^Zgguf lZ[e b lZ[e ijbeh`_gby ihl_gpbZevgmx ly]h- \mx oZjZdl_jbklbdm h[jZa_p hnhjfe_gby lZdhc oZjZdl_jbklbdb kf jbk
ijbeh`_gby ih dhlhjhc hij_^_ey_f ke_^mxsb_ iZjZf_lju
•fZdkbfZevgu_ agZq_gby ke_^mxsbo iZjZf_ljh\ ijb Pdj = 13,12 d<l :
ly]h\h]h DI> |
η Tf = |
0,63 ; |
djxdh\hc fhsghklb |
N djf = |
52 d<l ; |
• ^bZiZahg jZ[hqbo agZq_gbc gZ ly]_ m^h\e_l\hjyxsbo mkeh\bx
η Tj > 0,95 η Tf = 0,95 0,63 = 0,6 :
∆ Pdj = …dG
2 Hij_^_ey_f i_j_^Zlhqgh_ qbkeh ljZgkfbkkbb gZ hc i_j_^Zq_:
•d aZ^g_fm fhklm
u21 |
= ω g r^2 = |
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