Раздел 2

Функции глагола “ to have”.

Личные формы глагола “to have”.

(Indefinite)

Present		Past		Future
I have	We	I	We	I shall have	We shall have
You have	You have	You	You had	You	You will
He	They	He had	They	He will	They have
She has		She		She have
It		It		It

Задание I. Заполните пропуски соответствующей формой глагола “to have”.

1. London ... more than 20 bridges over the Thames.

2. The first Moscow underground line ... only 13 stations.

3. Moscow … always been the centre of business activity of Russia.

TO HAVE

Таблица 2

+ местоимение, (артикль) существительное смысловой глагол (сказуемое)

1

иметь, обладать

Ozone has a sharp odour. Озон имеет резкий запах.

Have

+ причастие II вспомогательный глагол для образования Perfect (часть сказуемого)

2

не переводится действие совершилоось (совершится)

Russian explores have done much for the development of science. Русские исследователи сделали много для развития науки.

+ инфинитив модальный глагол (часть сказуемого)

3

должен, должна, должно, должны, приходится

All English children have to go to school from the age of 5 until they are 16. Все анлийские дети должны посещать школу в возрасте от 5 до 16 лет.

4. Moscow ... already celebrated its 850-th anniversary.

5. During the World War II the inhabitants of Leningrad … to live, work, and

fight for 900 days in the blockaded city.

6. Russian educational establishments ... a good tradition to gather the former

students together.

7. Food technologists and engineers ... to solve lots various problems for the

successful development of the Food Industry.

8. The chemists ... made special steels which are widely used in industry.

9. No man ... yet reached Mars.

Задание II. Определите функцию глагола “to have” в заданных предложениях. Против номера каждого предложения поставьте цифру, которой обозначена данная функция в таблице №2, с.15.

e.g. 1. The English usually have four meals a day.

2. After sugar had been obtained in India it spread to Europe.

1. The head of the company has a lot of work to do.

2. The article has been translated into Russian by this student.

3. Since 1957 the Russian word “Sputnik” has got into the vocabulary of almost all languages in the world.

4. In 1665 the Great Plague (чума) broke out in England, so Newton had to leave Cambridge University.

5. These students have two English classes every week.

6. Our government will have to make every effort to solve the food problem in the country.

7. Pure water has no colour.

Задание III. Составьте утверждения, отражающие Вашу точку зрения (или реальный факт), используя подстановочную таблицу.

Intensive work	have	been set up recently.
Changes in our society		to be carried out in the Research and Design Institutes of Russia to create special-purpose control computers.
The young scientist	had	already begun in all spheres of the life of Russian people.
The development of the Food Industry	has	gained very much from his trip to the North of our country.
Application of control computers in industry		a large computer centre.
Moscow	will have	two language laboratories for students’ work without assistance.
The Moscow State University of Food Production		moved to a new 12 storey building of our Institute.
The Foreign Languages Department of our Institute	shall have	not yet reached the desired level.

Задание IV. Прочитайте текст. Переведите его письменно, обращая внимание на функцию глагола “to have”.

Titanium has many advantages over aluminium. It has a high melting point, it has great strength and is corrosion-resistant. Engineers have to consider its properties when using it for engineering purposes. Russia has large deposits of this metal. Titanium has been widely used for making ships, aeroplanes, bridges and turbines; it has also found many other fields for its application.

Задание V. Прочитайте утверждения в левой колонке и укажите номер того из них, логическим продолжением которого служит фраза из правой колонки.

e.g. 1. He didn’t come in time. 2. He hasn’t come home from the Institute yet.

He stayed at the Institute. (-1)

A.	1. He took Chemistry last year. 2. He has already taken Chemistry.	It was his favourite subject.
B.	1. She read a book about Tsiolkovsky long ago. 2. She has just read a book about Tsiolkovsky.	Today she will tell us about his great contribution to the world science.
C.	1. I passed the entrance exams two years ago. 2. I have passed the entrance exams successfully.	I became a student of the Moscow State University of food production.
D.	1. He carried on much research work in the field of Physics a few years ago. 2. He has carried on much research work in the field of Physics.	He can use the results of his research for investigating chemical processes.
E.	1. At the previous lecture the teacher told us about various branches of Chemistry. 2. The teacher has told us much about various branches of Chemistry.	We learnt much about the difference between Organic and Inorganic Chemistry.
F.	1. Our country has changed greatly. 2. During the 19-th century our country changed greatly.	Now it is a country of many new towns, numerous hydroelectric and atomic power stations, railways and canals.
G.	1. Our country launched the first man-made sputnik into space in 1957. 2. Our country has recently launched another sputnik for weather forecasting.	It was the beginning of a new era of scientific knowledge.
H.	My sister studied at the Institute of Foreign Languages two years ago. My sister has graduated from the Institute of Foreign Languages successfully .	She is working at school as a teacher now.

Задание VI. Напишите следующие утверждения, вставляя глагол в нужной форме.

e.g. 1. Foreign students (began, have begun) to study in our country after the

World War II. - Foreign students began to study in our country after World

War II.

2. Our research Institute (organised, has organised) an expedition to the North recently. - Our research Institute has organised an expedition to the North recently.

1. Many astronauts form different countries (took (a), have taken (b)) part in space flights since the first international flight.

2. The great Russian scientist M. Lomonosov (founded (a), has founded(b)) the first Russian University in 1755.

3. In 1961 our country (made (a), has made (b)) great progress in the field of astronautics

5. The factory (increased (a), has increased (b)), its production since January.

6. Our society (created (a), has created (b)) all the conditions for the economic, political and cultural development of all nationalities.

7. In the second half of the 19-th century Yablochkov and Lodygin (carried out (a), have carried out (b)) a series of experiments in the field of Electricity.

8. Our scientists (made (a), have made (b)) great progress in Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology, Medicine and other fields of Science and Engineering.

Задание VII. Прочитайте следующие предложения и скажите, является ли подчеркнутое слово, оканчивающееся на ‘-ed’