3. Найдите в тексте синонимы выделенных слов.

both animals and human beings consume sugars and starches and keep the surplus as fat; the capacity to make fats from carbohydrates is a property of most living matter; fatty acids carry out some very important function in our animal life; as an argument this is indisputable but as a notice of facts it is a hundred per cent incorrect; fats in the form of compounds obtained from them perform a significant role in our brain and entire nervous system; we are forced to appeal to other animals; we could not get an adequate quantity of fat-soluble vitamins; there are two fatty acids which the body cannot produce itself;several fats and fatty acids are necessary for the human body

4. Укажите номера пропущенных слов.

1. Animals and human beings ... sugars and starch and store the excess as fats. 2. A characteristic of most living matter is the ... to make fats from carbohydrates. 3. Sugar is very important for the nutrition of our … system. 4. Carbohydrates and fats are ... for the living organism. 5. The sterols ... from the fats are also essential for the living organism. 6. Without fats in the diet we could not get a ... amount of fat-soluble vitamins. 7. … foods perform some very important functions in animal life. 8. Our body ... to manufacture some necessary fats. 9. Fats form a ... layer around the nerves. 10. We need to call on animals as a human body cannot ... some essential fats and fatty acids.

1. sufficient, 2. derived, 3. refuses, 4. take in, 5. brain, 6. protective, 7. manufacture, 8. fatty, 9. ability, 10. essential

5. Переведите на английский язык следующие предложения.

1. Можно сказать, что пища, богатая жирами, выполняет некоторые важные функции. 2. Жиры образуют защитный слой вокруг нервов, предохраняющий их от ударов. 3. Известно, что пища человека должна содержать жиры, необходимые для нервной системы. 4. Наш организм не может создавать некоторые виды жиров и жирных кислот. 5. Не потребляя жи­ров, организм не мог бы получать достаточное количество некоторых жирорастворимых витаминов. 6. Нужно сказать, что организм человека производит часть жиров из потребляемых углеводов. 7. Человек никогда не мог производить некоторые жиры в лаборатории, т.е. искусственно. 8. Стерин – это соединение, получаемое из жиров; оно играет большую роль в жизненных процессах. 9. Все жиры можно разделить на два основных вида – животного и растительного происхождения. 10. Растительные жиры встречаются в семенах, корнях, стеблях и листьях растений.

Упражнения по грамматической теме "-ing forms"

I. Переведите данные предложения на русский язык, определив функции герундия и причастия.

1. One of the problems of storing foods is preventing (protecting) them from spoilage. 2. One of the oldest methods of protecting food is drying. 3. After having removed some water from the analysed mixture they found chemical changes in it. 4. Many scientists were interested in making fats in the laboratory but they were not able to perform this task. 5. Organic acids have a part in stimulating and regulating body processes. 6. Long ago people began salting meat and fish for keeping their quality. 7. Methods of baking bread greatly depend on the flour properties. 8. Food engineers have constructed and are constructing various machinery for food processing, manufacturing and storing. 9. Producing fats from carbohydrates is a characteristic of most living matter including plants. 10. Repeating the test twice prevented them from mistakes. 11. Investigating vegetable fats scien­tists found them mainly in seeds and fruits of plants. 12. Without including any fats in the diet people cannot get a sufficient amount of fat-soluble vitamins A, D and E. 13. The scientists studying the nature of food constituents have greatly contributed to the development of food science. 14. The fruits were to be stored for some time before being eaten as they were unripe. 15. Without knowing the mechanism of converting carbohydrate and protein into fat it is impossible to understand clearly fat manufacturing in the animal body. 16. Having been derived from fats the sterols became the object of a thorough study. 17. It is known that on ripening seeds have an in­creasing amount of fat. 18. The mechanism of changing carbohydrates into fats was studied by many scientists. 19. Being stored for different periods of time these two products varied in taste very much. 20. The students were given the task of making some experiments with linseed oil.