5. Molecular Computers part1

Task 1 say whether the following is true, false or isn’t mentioned.

1There have been a lot of various ideas how to substitute microelectronics, but none of them stands out in the crowd.

2. Molecular devices were found so promising that they are believed to substitute silicon-based circuits in the nearest future and may lead to the appearance of ultrasmall circuits.

3. New molecules were produced which could store electrons when heated.

4. By changing the temperature we could change the molecule conductivity as much as we please.

5. Despite a great progress there is still a long way to go before molecular computers are built.

6. Molecular devices are much smaller than the smallest transistor.

7. Since the speed of molecular devices is much smaller than that of silicon-based chips,the latter will never give way to molecular computers.

8. Stray signals and overheating may greatly slow down the development of more powerful and compact computers.

9 . Chips’power is expected to reach the limit beyond which any further power increase will cost far too much.

10. Further reducing chips’size will make maintaining the off state impossible .

Molecular computers.part2. (from <building from bottom up> up to<connecting from the top down>)

Answer the following questions.

1. Is it enough for device to let current flow to be called a transistor?

2. How can molecules be made to control a current flow?

3. What is the main obstacle on the way to creating and testing a molecular device?

4. How was it overcome ?

5. Why is the self-assembly process for creating a molecular device?

6. Can computer systems be created by means of this process only?

7. How were the first molecular transistors created?

8. What were they?

.

Molecular computers.part3. ( From<connecting from the top down> up to the end)

1. Find sentences in support or against the following

1.It came as a surprise to scientists that conductivity of some molecules in a self-assembly layer was much greater than that in the neighbouring areas.

2.A scanning tunnelling microscope was used to move mobile electrons into a self-assembled area.

3.Scientists found that a great current passing through a molecule can only be explained by a free flow of electrons.

5.Scientists have created a molecule which could control and amplify electric current.

6.Some molecules show a much better on/off ratio than an analogous semiconducting device.

7.By changing the stated of the nitro group(with or without a charge) scientists created a simple gate.

8.The author is of the op0inion that all efforts should be concentrated on molecular devices.

9.Linking molecules and solid state devices will present no problem.

10.New technologies are needed to create molecular devices.