Big Shops
A supermarket is often called a grocery store — it is a self-service store with different departments offering food and household things. It typically has such food departments as meat, fresh produce, dairy, bakery, canned and packaged goods and non-food departments such as house hold cleaners, newspapers, clothes and pet supplies. The special feature of a supermarket is that it usually occupies a single level and is situated near a residential area to be convenient to consumers. Very often supermarkets work 24/7 — 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
A department store usually sells non-food products and includes such departments as apparel, furniture, home appliances, jewellery, cosmetics, etc. The department stores are not as popular now as they used to be.
A hypermarket is a superstore, which combines a supermarket and a department store. It occupies a very huge territory usually at a single level and may allow you to do all week’s shopping in one place. It usually has one check-out area, though sometimes different departments can sell their products independently.
A shopping mall is one or several buildings forming a complex of shops and services. The visitors can easily walk from unit to unit using wide halls, escalators and stairs. Very often in the centre of the mall there is a food court, where different fast food restaurants open into a big space full of tables and chairs (a shared sitting area). Modern malls are inward-facing (no windows, all stores open into a large hall) and make customers spend more in a controlled environment. The term ‘shopping mall’ is used in North America, while in Europe they are called ‘shopping centres’ or ‘shopping precincts’. In Hong Kong and Bangkok we can find vertical malls that consist of a number of stores accessible by elevators and escalators.
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Task 6. Read the text. For questions (1–8) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
New markets
Making a long trip to the supermarket and (1) _________ for hours used to be the normal weekly routine for British and American shoppers. But since the 1990s, there is a better way to get your (2) _________. Supermarket shopping on the Internet has boomed in the UK and the USA.
The major supermarkets have their own websites, and if you (3) _________ online with them, for a small extra sum such as $8/£5 the supermarkets will do your shopping for you and (4) _________ it to your door. If you shop with them regularly, they’ll ‘remember’ your favourite items so you can order them next time without searching for them!
These days thousands of people in the UK and the States regularly do their supermarket shopping in this (5) _________. In contrast, in many rural areas of Britain there has been a return to the traditional outdoor market. Farmers’ markets, where farmers (6) _________ their products directly to the customer, had practically died out in Britain because of the attraction of the large supermarkets, but they have been resurrected recently, both to help farmers make more profits, and to provide customers with ‘real’ food again, such as fresh meat, eggs, vegetables and preserves. Organic food has become very popular, and some producers (7) _________ a ‘box service’, where they deliver a weekly box of fruit and vegetables to your door. Customers can’t (8) _________ the food — they just receive whatever is in season — but it is guaranteed to be fresh and free from chemicals, and now you can often order these online too!
1 A standing B queuing C speaking D talking
2 A grocery B grocery’s C groceries D groceries’
3 A send B get C talk D order
4 A deliver B send C mail D bring
5 A track B way C railway D truck
6 A buy B spell C sell D get
7 A run B sell C deliver D queue
8 A selecting B selective C selection D select
Health and Healthcare
Task 1. Vocabulary Revision.
a) Label the human body diagram using the italicized words.
Ankle, arm, belly button, chest, chin, ear, elbow, eye, fingers, foot, hand, head, heel, hip, knee, leg, mouth, nose, neck, shin, shoulder, thigh, toes, waist, wrist.
b) Inside the Body. Fill in the gaps with the italicized words.
Brain, lungs, skin, vein, liver, artery, muscles, heart, stomach, kidneys, bones.
1 _____________________ It weighs about 2 kilos and it is where food is stored or processed.
2 _____________________ They carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
3 _____________________ It is like a bag in which food is changed into liquid.
4 _____________________ They filter the blood and get rid of waste liquid.
5 _____________________ They carry blood to the heart from the rest of the body.
6 _____________________ It pumps the blood around the body.
7 _____________________ You have two and you need them to breathe.
8 _____________________ It controls everything you do.
9 _____________________ They form a skeleton and protect internal organs.
10 _____________________ We have about 640 of them and they help us to move our body.
11 _____________________ It covers our body outside and protect us.
c) Review the ‘Health Problems’ and fill in the table.
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Common Ailments and Illnesses
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A headache, a sore throat, a temperature, a nosebleed, a cold, a runny nose, a cough, a splinter, a pain in my…, a virus, swollen glands, a migraine, a stomach-ache, toothache, backache, earache, flu, food poisoning, indigestion, cramp, diarrhoea, hay fever.
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Common Injuries |
To be stung (by a wasp), to be bitten (by a dog), be injured (in an accident), twist (your ankle), sprain (your wrist), break (your arm), burn yourself, cut (your finger), graze (your knee), scratch (on your skin).
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Skin Conditions
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A rash, a bruise, a blister, a wart, a lump, a scar, a spot, a cold sore, a mouth ulcer, sunburns. |
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Conditions
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To be allergic to…, to be sunburnt. |
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Serious Illnesses and Diseases
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Asthma, AIDS, hepatitis, diabetes, malaria, arthritis, cholera, cancer, typhoid, heart disease. |
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I Feel…
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Well, unwell, ill, sick, dizzy, faint, depressed. |
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Diseases and Conditions I Know and Have Had |
Diseases and Conditions My Relatives and Friends Have Had |
Diseases and Conditions that Are New to Me |
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Task 2. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the italicized words.
Should, affect, hurt, trying, sell, illegal, clearly, jail, criminals, drop, sick, ruined, wrong, steal, to try, dangerous, addicted, smart, personality, saying.
Drugs
There are two different types of drugs. There are legal drugs and (1) ________________ drugs. Legal drugs are the type of drugs that the doctor gives you when you are (2) ___________________.
Illegal drugs are the drugs that people (3) ____________________ on the street. Illegal drugs are very (4) ____________________. If someone ever wants you (5) ____________________ any type of substance that you are not sure about, you (6) ____________________ always say no. People who sell drugs on the street are (7) ____________________. If they get caught, they will be sent to (8) ____________________. They sell drugs to get money. They don’t care that people’s lives are (9) ____________________ from taking drugs. If you take illegal drugs, you can become (10) ___________________ to them. That means that you just have to have the drug no matter what.
Some people (11) ___________________ from other people to get money to buy drugs. Drugs (12) ________________ your mind. If you take drugs, you will not be able to think (13) ________________. Your marks in school will (14) ____________________. Your memory won’t be very good. Your (15) ____________________ won’t be the same. It is very unfortunate that some people do try drugs. They think that it won’t (16) ____________________ them. They are (17) ____________________.
If you are (18) ____________________, you will stay away from all drugs, except for the ones that the doctor gives you. Drugs are just bad news. If you know someone who is thinking about (19) ____________________ drugs, tell them that their entire life could be ruined. In America, they had a (20) ____________________ ‘Just say no to drugs.’ It is a good saying, but I think I would rather say, ‘I’m just too smart to take drugs.’
Task 3. Read the text and describe visits to the polyclinics and hospital using the table.
The problem of health always worried people. It has been in the centre of attention of the scientists since ancient times. Perhaps, of all unpleasant things people hate diseases most of all.
In theory we know well what we should do to be healthy, but in practice there is hardly a man who has no problems with his health. Sometimes people, who are very busy, aren’t thoughtful enough about their health.
Of course, much has been done to put an end to a great number of diseases and epidemics. The scientists have already found cures for many diseases, afflicting people. But still we are suffering from many of them.
If we caught cold, have a splitting headache, have a clogged nose, cough, are running high temperature, we must go to the policlinic. First we come to the registry. The registry clerk on a duty asks our name, address, age and occupation. He writes out some slips because several specialists will examine us. Some of them will listen to our heart and lungs, some will check up our kidneys, liver, stomach, eyesight, and hearing. The others will make our blood analysis, take our blood pressure and x-ray us.
Our district doctor sees his patients in consulting room 4. A nurse gives us a thermometer to take our temperature. We must keep it under an armpit. Last time my temperature was 37,9. The doctor asked what my trouble was. He offered to sit down in a chair and to strip to the waist. He felt my pulse. It was faint and accelerated. Then I lay on the examination couch and the doctor palpated my abdomen. He asked me from what disease I suffered in my childhood. I suffered from scarlet fever. Now I felt dizzy and was damp with sweat. The doctor filled in my card and diagnosed the case as the flu.
Then he wrote out a prescription for some medicines: pills, powder, drops, and mixture. He also advised me to take a scalding footbath, to put a hot water bottle to my feet, to have hot tea with raspberry jam. That would keep my fever down. The result of my X-ray examination and blood analysis was normal. I had the prescription made at the chemist’s. I followed the prescribed treatment to avoid complications. Every day I took a tablespoonful of mixture 3 times a day and some pills. In two days I was better and in a week I recovered from my illness. I began to take care of myself. Now I go in for sports because sports make me strong, healthy and cheerful. Every day I do my morning exercises and have a cold rubdown to prevent myself from catching cold. There is a good proverb: ‘An apple a day keeps doctor away.’ That’s why I eat a lot of fruit and vegetables.
In case of sudden and severe illness or an accident calls are made to the first aid station. There the doctors are on duty all day long. There are many ambulances there. The ambulances are equipped with everything necessary to give the first aid. The patient is transported to hospital. There he is taken to the reception ward first. After questioning and examination the doctor fills in the patient’s case history. Then a patient is given special clothes and is put to some ward for treatment. The doctors make their daily round there. They examine patients and prescribe different medicines and treatments.
When a patient is completely cured, he is discharged from the hospital. There are different departments in the hospital. They are: a surgical department, therapy, and the department of infectious diseases.
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In the Polyclinics |
In the Hospital |
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We get here when… |
We can get here if… |
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First…/Then… |
Firstly…/Then… |
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After all/Finally… |
In the end… |
Healthy Living
Task 1. Read the text to review the vocabulary and fill in the table.