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Contents ix
Review Questions 277 Effects of Aging on the System 332
Case Studies 278 Summary 332
Review Questions 333
CHAPTER 14
Case Studies 334
Endocrine System Diseases
and Disorders 279
Anatomy and Physiology 280
Common Signs and Symptoms 282
Diagnostic Tests 283
Common Diseases of the Endocrine System 284
Pituitary Gland Diseases 284
Thyroid Gland Diseases 286
Parathyroid Gland Diseases 289
Adrenal Gland Diseases 290
Hyperadrenalism 290
CHAPTER 16
Other Diseases of the Adrenal Glands 292
Pancreatic Islets of Langerhans Diseases 292
Reproductive Gland Diseases 298
Trauma 299
Rare Diseases 299
Effects of Aging on the System 299
Summary 299
Review Questions 300
Case Studies 302
CHAPTER 15
Nervous System Diseases
and Disorders 303
Anatomy and Physiology
The Central Nervous System 304
The Peripheral Nervous System 305
304
Common Signs and Symptoms 306
Diagnostic Tests
Common Diseases of the
307
Nervous System
Infectious Diseases 309
Vascular Disorders 312
Functional Disorders 315
Dementias 320
Sleep Disorders 324
Tumors 325
309
Trauma 326
Rare Diseases 330
Eye and Ear Diseases and Disorders 335
Anatomy and Physiology 336
Eye 336
Ear 337
Common Signs and Symptoms 338
Diagnostic Tests 338
Diagnostic Tests of the Eye 338
Diagnostic Tests of the Ear 339
Common Diseases of the Eye 340
Inflammation and Infection 344
Common Diseases of the Ear 350
Infection 350
Serous 350
Suppurative 350
Deafness 354
Trauma 357
Rare Diseases 359
Retinoblastoma 359
Meniere’s Disease 359
Otitis Interna 359
Effects of Aging on the System 359
Summary 360
Review Questions 361
Case Studies 362
CHAPTER 17
Reproductive System Diseases
and Disorders 363
Anatomy and Physiology 364
Female Anatomy and Physiology 364
Male Anatomy and Physiology 365
Common Signs And Symptoms 366
Diagnostic Tests 366
Common Diseases of The
Reproductive System 369
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 330
Guillain-Barre Syndrome 330
Huntington’s Disease 330
Multiple Sclerosis 332
Female Reproductive System Diseases 369
Other Female Reproductive
System Diseases and Disorders 374
Diseases of the Breast 381
Disorders of Pregnancy 384
Male Reproductive System Diseases 387
x Contents
Sexually Transmitted Diseases 392
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome 392
Hepatitis 393
Sexual Dysfunction 398
Trauma 401
Rape 401
Rare Diseases 402
Unit III
GENETIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL,
CHILDHOOD, AND MENTAL
HEALTH DISEASES AND
DISORDERS 445
Vaginal Cancer 402
Puerperal Sepsis 402
Hydatidiform Mole 402
Effects of Aging on The System 402
Summary 403
Review Questions 403
Case Studies 404
CHAPTER 18
Integumentary System Diseases
and Disorders 405
Anatomy and Physiology 406
Common Signs and Symptoms 407
Diagnostic Tests 407
Common Diseases of the Integumentary System 409
Infectious Diseases 409
Viral Diseases 409
Bacterial Diseases 412
Fungal Diseases 416
Parasitic Diseases 419
Metabolic Diseases 421
Hypersensitivity or Immune Diseases 423
Scleroderma 425
Idiopathic Diseases 425
Benign Tumors 427
Premalignant and Malignant Tumors 429
Abnormal Pigmented Lesions 432
Diseases of the Nails 432
Diseases of the Hair 433
Trauma 434
Mechanical Skin Injury 434
Thermal Skin Injury 435
Electrical Injury 438
Radiation Injury 438
Pressure Injury 438
Insect and Spider Bites and Stings 439
Rare Diseases 442
Elephantiasis 442
Effects of Aging on The System 442
Summary 442
Review Questions 443
Case Studies 444
CHAPTER 19
Genetic and Developmental
Diseases and Disorders 447
Anatomy and Physiology 448
Common Signs and Symptoms 452
Diagnostic Tests 452
Common Genetic and Developmental
Disorders 453
Musculoskeletal 453
Neurologic 455
Cardiovascular 459
Blood 462
Sickle Cell Anemia 462
Hemophilia 462
Digestive 462
Urinary 465
Reproductive 467
Cryptorchidism 467
Other Developmental Disorders 467
Multisystem Diseases and Disorders 468
Trauma 470
Failure to Thrive 470
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome 470
Congenital Rubella Syndrome 470
Rare Diseases 470
Anencephaly 470
Achondroplasia 471
Tay-Sachs Disease 471
Summary 471
Review Questions 471
Case Studies 473
CHAPTER 20
Childhood Diseases and Disorders 475
Infectious Diseases
Viral Diseases 476
Bacterial Diseases 482
Fungal Diseases 484
Parasitic Diseases 485
Pediculosis 486
476
Contents xi
Respiratory Diseases 487
Digestive Diseases
Fluid Imbalances 490
Food Allergies 490
Eating Disorders 490
490
Cardiovascular Diseases 491
Musculoskeletal Diseases 491
Blood Diseases 492
Neurologic Diseases 493
Eye and Ear Diseases
Strabismus 494
494
Trauma
Child Abuse 494
Suicide 495
Drug Abuse 495
Poisoning 495
494
Summary 498
Review Questions 498
Case Studies 500
CHAPTER 21
Mental Health Diseases and Disorders 501
Common Signs and Symptoms 502
Diagnostic Tests 502
Common Mental Health Diseases and Disorders 502
Developmental Mental Health Disorders 502
Substance-Related Mental Disorders 506
Methamphetamine Abuse 509
Caffeine and Nicotine Abuse 509
Sedatives or Depressants Abuse 510
Amphetamine Abuse 510
Hallucinogen Abuse 510
Narcotics 511
Inhalants 512
Anabolic Steroids 512
Organic Mental Disorders 512
Psychosis 514
Mood or Affective Disorders 516
Dissociative Disorders 518
Anxiety Disorders 519
Somatoform Disorders 520
Personality Disorders 521
Gender Dysphoria 522
Sleep Disorders 523
Trauma 524
Grief 524
Suicide 524
Rare Diseases 524
Mental Health Disorders in the Older Adult 524
Summary 525
Review Questions 525
Case Studies 527
Appendix A:
References 529
Appendix B:
Common Laboratory Values 537
Appendix C:
Metric Conversion Tables 539
Glossary 541
Index 557
List of Tables
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 6
1-1 Types of Pathologists 4
1-2 Examples of Acute and Chronic Diseases/
Disorders 5
1-3 Examples of Common Diagnostic Tests and
Procedures 8
CHAPTER 2
2-1 Classification of Hereditary Disease with
Examples 14
2-2 Examples of Neoplasms or Tumors 16
CHAPTER 3
3-1 Neoplasm vs. Nonneoplasm 26
3-2 Origins and Names for Benign and
Malignant Neoplasms 28
3-3 Comparison of Benign and Malignant
Neoplasms 29
3-4 Comparison of Carcinomas and Sarcomas 32
3-5 Lifetime Risk of Being Diagnosed with
Cancer—Both Sexes, All Races 37
3-6 Lifetime Risk of Dying from Cancer—Both
Sexes, All Races 37
CHAPTER 4
4-1 Some of the Leading Causes of Death
in the World Due to Infections 53
4-2 Some Common Infections Caused by
Microorganisms in Humans 53
CHAPTER 5
5-1 Types and Functions of Leukocytes 64
5-2 Types of Immunity 65
6-1 Classification of Joints by Movement 89
6-2 Risk Factors for Osteoporosis 95
6-3 Risk Factors for Osteoarthritis 97
CHAPTER 7
7-1 RBC Blood Donor and Recipient Chart 121
7-2 Blood Cell Abnormalities and Associated
Symptoms 122
7-3 CBC Normal Values 123
CHAPTER 13
13-1 Urinalysis Values 259
CHAPTER 14
14-1 The Endocrine Glands: Their Hormones
and Hormone Functions 281
14-2 Emergency Treatment of Diabetic Coma or
Insulin Shock 296
CHAPTER 15
15-1 The Cranial Nerves 306
CHAPTER 21
21-1 Genetic and Acquired Causes of Intellectual
Disability 503
21-2 Physical Causes of Dementia and Delirium 514
21-3 Phobias 520
21-4 Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross’s Five Stages
of Grief/Death and Dying 524
xii
Preface
A
llied health professionals are required to be
knowledgeable about the common diseases and
disorders health care providers see and treat. As
the medical field continues to grow and change and new
diseases emerge, the need for these careers will continue
to expand. This book includes the most current research
and reflects the latest practices from actual practice.
Conceptual Approach
Many pathophysiology books have been written
to address the informational needs of the medical
community, but learners in allied health professional
programs require an essential pathophysiology
text geared specifically for these programs. Human
Diseases, Sixth Edition is designed and specifically
written for learners in health care programs pursuing
careers as allied health professionals, including but not
limited to medical assistants, medical coders, surgical
technologists, respiratory therapist assistants, physical
therapist assistants, radiologic technologists, medical
transcriptionists, emergency medical technicians,
nursing assistants. The book is intended to meet the
needs of learners enrolled in an allied health career
program as well as serve as a valuable resource for health
care professionals on the job. It is also ideal as a resource
on basic diseases by anyone within the medical arena
or individuals interested in human diseases. Current
information for this book was based on the authors’ own
experiences and research sought from current literature,
books, Internet resources, and physician consultations.
Students will understand this text best if a basic
medical terminology or anatomy and physiology
course has been completed before this course of study.
However, this book is designed to make difficult patho
physiology concepts easier to understand by using a
consistent organization, and including pronunciations,
boxed features, and full-color illustrations and photos
of diseases and disorders. Organized into three units,
the book begins with basic concepts of human diseases,
introduces common diseases and disorders of the
body systems, followed by genetic and developmental,
childhood, and mental health diseases and disorders.
Chapters progress through a basic review of anatomy
and physiology before introducing the most common
diseases related to each system and specialty area.
Common diseases and disorders for each body system
are presented consistently through a description of the
disease or disorder, the etiology, symptoms, diagnosis,
treatment, and prevention.
Simulated real-world activities provide learn
ers with hands-on experience applying key concepts
learned in the chapters into practice.
Several dilemmas immediately emerge when one
considers writing a textbook for such a large and diverse
audience as the health care field. Questions arise as to
how much content to include, what to exclude, how
detailed the content should be, and how to organize the
content in the most understandable manner. Another
common concern is the question of the appropriate
reading level.
In an attempt to resolve these dilemmas, it was
decided to organize the book in such a way that blocks
of material or even entire chapters could be omitted or
covered in detail, depending on the format of the course
and needs of the learner. At the same time, informa
tion on each disease is written in such a way that it can
stand alone or be viewed as all inclusive. This concept
allows the instructor, learner, or individual to select and
study only those specific diseases or individual disease
of interest. Not all health conditions are covered in the
text, so the conditions chosen to be included are those
that are most common, along with the new and emerg
ing diseases. A few rare conditions are also included. Of
the conditions chosen for the text, only general infor
mation is covered. The text is designed to be a basic
overview of common diseases and disorders, not an
in-depth study. Thus, the diseases presented are not
described on a cellular physiological level, which would
be too complex for the intended audience. The intention
also was to keep the reading level of the text at an easy-
to-read basic level to promote understanding. We did
not want to write beneath the level of the learner but, at
the same time, felt that a difficult reading level would
only increase the complexity of the material and thus
fail to promote understanding of the subject matter.
The boxed features within the chapters either add
interesting information about staying healthy, present
xiii
xiv Preface
new research on the chapter topics, or present infor
mation about alternative treatments. The pharmacology
boxed features list some of the possible medications for
diseases or disorders in the chapter. These drugs are
listed with generic names only since there are many
trade names for the same generic medication. It is
not intended to be an exhaustive list of possible med
ications, but just to give the reader some information
about common medications that might be prescribed
for certain diseases or disorders reviewed in the chapter.
The “Consider This” feature presents interesting facts to
engage learners in the material.
Organization of The Text
Human Diseases, Sixth Edition, consists of 21 chapters,
two appendices, glossary, index, and bibliography. To
gain the most benefit from your use of this text, take
advantage of the review questions and case studies that
are included at the end of each chapter.
Unit I Chapters
Chapters 1 through 4 lay the foundation for some basic
disease concepts, including mechanisms of disease,
neoplasms, inflammation, and infection.
Unit II and Unit III Chapters
Unit II includes chapters 5-18 which are organized
by body systems and begin with a basic anatomy and
physiology review of each system before discussing
that system’s common diseases and disorders. Included
with this discussion, where appropriate, are common
signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, trauma, and rare
diseases. In addition, a unique section toward the end
of each chapter discusses the effects of aging on each
system to help learners understand the natural aging
process of the human body.
Unit III includes chapters 19 through 21 on spe
cialty areas covering genetics, childhood diseases, and
mental health disorders.
Each disease in Units II and III is broken down
(where applicable) into the following sections:
Description, Etiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment,
and Prevention. Although this may appear to be very
title-heavy when there is only a sentence or two in each
section, this breakdown will assist the learner to clearly
identify these components of each disease. It also main
tains consistency throughout the textbook.
Appendices and Glossary
Appendix A presents common laboratory values.
Appendix B includes metric conversion tables. The
glossary includes key terms and their definitions.
New to This Edition
Changes to the sixth edition include:
Changes in All Chapters
Cengage is committed to providing quality and inclusive
learning materials. As we adapt our learning materials to
the continually evolving areas of inclusion and diversity,
the below strategies were adopted for this edition.
■ Use age and gender-appropriate terms with the fol
lowing exceptions:
■ Use the terms male and female when discussing
anatomical structures and physiology based on
biological sex assignment to ensure alignment of
terminology learners see in other scientific courses.
■ Use the terms male(s) and female(s) when refer
ring to different age groups based on biological
sex assignment rather than using terms based on
various age groups (for example, a disease affects
female adolescents, women, and older adult).
■ Use terms that appear in ICD-10 coding as diagnosis
codes to ensure consistency of the medical language
learners are exposed to in the text and will see in
actual practice.
■ In an effort to keep the text as current as possible, the
Glimpse of the Future boxes were eliminated because
this content quickly becomes outdated.
Chapter-Specific Changes
Chapter 1
■ Added the term healthcare-associated infection
(HAI)
■ Added material to clarify the difference between an
epidemic and a pandemic
Chapter 2
■ Updated the list of deaths caused by trauma
■ Updated the BMI scale
Preface xv
■ Updated Consumer Responsibility in Disease Pre
vention Healthy Highlight to include COVID-19.
■ Added material on comorbidity
Chapter 3
■ Updated cancer statistics
■ Updated personal risk behaviors for cancer
■ Updated material on smoking and tobacco product
use
■ Updated cancer prevention with the latest recom
mendations from the American Cancer Society
■ Updated the section on diagnosis of cancer
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Kombucha Beverage for Some Forms of Cancer
Chapter 4
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: Emerging Infectious
Diseases: How to Stay Healthy
Chapter 5
■ Updated the section on common signs and
symptoms
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: The Importance of
Sleep to the Immune System
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight with the bio
logics category
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: There’s a Difference
Between Food Allergy and Food Intolerance
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: How to Boost the Immune System
■ Updated the section on Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS)
Chapter 6
■ Added information on arthroscopy.
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Stem Cell Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Honey for Bone Health?
Chapter 7
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight with the anti
coagulants and plasminogen activators category
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: Increasing Iron in
the Diet
■ Updated the treatment section for aplastic anemia
■ Updated the treatment section for Hodgkin’s lym
phoma, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and multiple
myeloma
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Hematologic Disorders Treated with Stem Cell
Transplants
Chapter 8
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Quercetin for Cardiovascular Disease
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Prevent High Blood
Pressure
■ Updated the treatment section for coronary artery
disease
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Low Fat Diets: Are They Necessary?
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Salidroside Use in Heart Disease
Chapter 9
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Why Do I Sneeze?
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests section
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight with the anti
cholinergics and mucolytics categories, added exam
ples of decongestants, and information on drugs used
to treat COVID-19
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Echinacea for Colds and Influenza Prevention
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Nutritional Supplements as a Treatment for
COVID-19?
■ Added a Healthy Highlight: Coronavirus 2019
(COVID-19)
■ Updated the pulmonary tuberculosis section
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: The Harmful Effects
of Smoking
■ Added a Healthy Highlight: Are Electronic Cigarettes
Safe?
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Abdominal Thrust
xvi Preface
Chapter 10
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight with the
immunotherapy category and added examples of
medications
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Acupuncture for Lymphedema Treatment
Chapter 11
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests section
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight with the pro
motility agent category and updated the examples of
medications
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: What Does the
Tongue Tell You?
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Essential Oils for Relief of Nausea and Vomiting
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: How to Tell Heart
burn from a Heart Attack
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Curcumin
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Natural Therapies for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Screening Tests for
Colon Cancer
Chapter 12
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests section
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight with the alco
hol abuse treatment, kinase inhibitor, and immune
system booster categories, and updated the examples
of medications
■ Updated the Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Dietary Supplements for Hepatitis C
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Liver Cancer Treatment
Chapter 13
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests section
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight with the
immunotherapy category and updated the examples
of medications
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative
Therapy: New Ways to Treat Lower Urinary Tract
Problems
■ Updated the renal calculi section
■ Updated the renal failure section
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Herbal Medicine for Incontinence
■ Updated the urinary incontinence section
Chapter 14
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests section
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight with the
alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thioglitazones, hor
mone agonists, hormone antagonists, and anti
cancer agents categories, and updated the examples
of medications
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Berberine for Hyperglycemia
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: What You Need to
Know About Type 2 Diabetes and Taking Dietary
Supplements
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Luteolin to Maintain Blood Glucose Levels
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Acupuncture for Diabetic Neuropathy
Chapter 15
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests section
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight with the dopa
mine agonists category and added and updated the
examples of medications
■ Updated the treatment section for shingles
■ Updated the diagnosis section and added a new
image for cerebrovascular accident
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Using Acupuncture for Dysphagia
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Meditation for Dementia
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Hand Tremors
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Brain Foods (New
title: The MIND Diet for Brain Health)
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Aromatherapy for Better Sleep
Chapter 16
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests of the Eye section
■ Updated the example medications in the Pharmacol
ogy Highlight for eye disorders
Preface xvii
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests of the Ear section
■ Updated the example medications in the Pharmacol
ogy Highlight for ear disorders
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: UV Light Exposure
and Your Eyes
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: What is a
Blepharospasm?
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Nutrition for Eye Health
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Foods to Help Dry
Eyes
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: Some Drugs Can
Cause Ear Problems
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Preserving and
Improving Your Hearing
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: Natural Treatments
for Ear Problems
Chapter 17
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests section
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight for Female
Reproductive Disorders with the Fertility drugs cat
egory and updated the examples of medications
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight for Male
Reproductive Disorders with the Phosphodiesterase
inhibitors category and example medications
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: The Chaste Tree Berry Benefits
■ Updated the section on breast cancer
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Art and Music Therapy to Improve Quality of
Life for Breast Cancer Patients
■ Updated the Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Supplements for Men’s Health
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Apitherapy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
(BPH)
■ Updated the statistics in the genital herpes section
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Preventing Sexually
Transmitted Infections: Practice Safe Sex
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Some Facts about
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Alternative Ways to Boost Testosterone Levels
Chapter 18
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Collagen for Healthy
Skin
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests section
■ Updated the Pharmacology Highlight with the anti
virals, enzyme inhibitors, and immunosuppressants
categories, and updated the examples of medications
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Therapies for Skin Conditions
■ Updated the Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Chamomile for Skin Conditions
■ Updated the Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Therapy for Scars
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: The Lone Star Tick and Red Meat Food Allergies
Chapter 19
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: Gene Mutations
■ Updated the Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Using Meditation to Improve Health
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests section
■ Updated the examples of medications in the Pharma
cology Highlight
■ Updated the Microcephaly section
■ Updated the Huntington’s Disease section
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: Genetic Testing
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Herbs for Treatment of Phenylketonuria (PKU)
■ Updated the Autism Spectrum Disorder section
Chapter 20
■ Updated the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
section
■ Updated statistics in the Diphtheria section
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Epinephrine for
Allergic Reactions
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Managing Food Allergies
■ Added a new Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Herbs for Children
■ Updated statistics in the Suicide section
xviii Preface
■ Updated the Healthy Highlight: Immunization
Schedule for Children
Chapter 21
■ Updated the Diagnostic Tests section
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: Staying Positive to
Improve Life
■ Updated the examples of medications in the Pharma
cology Highlight
■ Updated the Intellectual Disability section
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: The National
Helpline for Mental Health and/or Substance Use
Disorders
■ Updated the Caffeine and Nicotine Abuse section
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: Naloxone for
Overdoses
■ Added a new Healthy Highlight: Preventing Opioid
Overdoses
■ Updated the Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Aromatherapy for Mood Elevation
■ Updated the Complementary and Alternative Ther
apy: Exercise for Relief from Depression
■ Added a section on Gender Dysphoria
Instructor and Student Resources
Additional instructor and student resources for
this product are available online. Instructor assets
include an Instructor’s Manual, Educator’s Guide,
PowerPoint® slides, Solution and Answer Guide, and a
test bank powered by Cognero®. Student assets include
PowerPoint® slides. Sign up or sign in at www.cengage
.com to search for and access this product and its online
resources.
■ The Instructor’s Manual includes a sample course
syllabus and outline as a guide for setting up a course.
Additional materials for each chapter include detailed
content outlines, learning objectives, expanded chap
ter summaries, discussion topics and learning activi
ties, and discussion questions.
■ The Solution and Answer Guide includes answers to
the text chapter review questions and case studies.
The PowerPoint
®
slides include chapter objectives,
content and activity slides, and a self-assessment.
■ The Cognero
®
Test Bank includes 60 questions per
chapter, including multiple-choice and scenario mul
tiple-choice questions and feedback; true/false ques
tions were deleted.
Mindtap
MindTap is a fully online, interactive learning
experience built upon authoritative Cengage Learning
content. By combining readings, multimedia, activities,
and assessments into a singular learning path, MindTap
elevates learning by providing real-world application
to better engage students. Instructors customize the
learning path by selecting Cengage Learning resources
and adding their own content via apps that integrate
into the MindTap framework seamlessly with many
learning management systems.
■ To learn more, visit
/mindtap.
www.cengage.com/training
About the Authors
Dr. Marianne Neighbors has been in nursing practice
and nursing education for more than 40 years. She
received her bachelor’s degree in nursing at Mankato
State, a master’s degree in health education at the
University of Arkansas, a master’s degree in nursing
at the University of Oklahoma, and a doctoral degree
in education with a focus on health science at the
University of Arkansas. Dr. Neighbors has taught in
associate degree nursing education for 18 years, focusing
on medical/surgical nursing, and in baccalaureate
nursing education for 23 years, focusing on health
promotion and community health. She also taught
advanced health promotion and nurse educator classes
at the master’s level. She has coauthored many research
articles; four medical/surgical nursing texts, along with
two medical/surgical handbooks; a health assessment
handbook; and a home health handbook, in addition to
the six editions of Human Diseases. Dr. Neighbors has
also written chapters for other nursing authors’ books.
She is currently an Emeritus professor in the Eleanor
Mann School of Nursing at the University of Arkansas,
Fayetteville, Arkansas.
Ruth Tannehill-Jones worked as a registered
nurse for more than 30 years. She began her nursing
education at the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville,
with completion of an associate degree in nursing.
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