Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Буква закона = Letter of law. Учебное пособие
.pdf
41
forgery
killing somebody
drug
smuggling
committing violent acts for political/religious reasons
bribing
breaking into a house and stealing possessions
prostitution
attacking people in the street in order to rob them
murdering
selling ordinary paintings as genuine masterpieces
fraud
offering herself or himself for sexual intercourse for payment
Reading
3. Look at the two notes, which are about thieves. Which one is about a
shoplifter and which one is about a burglar?
Date: 8th January
Location: supermarket, 53 Green Street, Brighton.
Interviewed: Mr. Brown, a shop assistant.
- two boys came in at 11;
- one boy asking the shop assistant about some crisps;
- the shop assistant talking to the boy;
- the second boy stole two packets of cigarettes;
- they left the supermarket.
The boy talking: 15 -16, tall, fair hair, blue eyes, jeans, sweater and shoes.
The boy stealing: 13 –14, black hair, brown eyes, trousers and shirt.
Date: 13th September
Location: 15 West Road, Brighton.
Interviewed: Miss Cecilia McDonald.
- Miss C. on holiday;
- someone broke the kitchen window;
- opened the save and stole all her jewellery.;
- nobody saw anything;
- she called the police.
4. Look at this statement. There are some pieces of information that are not
in the first note. What are they?
My name is Ted Brown. I’m a shop assistant at the supermarket, 53 Green Street,
Brighton. At about 11 o’clock on the 8
th
January I was working in the supermarket when
two boys came in. The tall boy asked me to help him find some cheese and onion crisps.
He was about 16 with straight fair hair and blue eyes. He was wearing ripped jeans, a
green sweater and black shoes. While I was talking to this boy the other one was looking
at the cigarettes. The second boy was rather short with long black hair and brown eyes.
42
He was wearing a pair of blue trousers and a black shirt. When I came back with some
crisps they paid for them and left the shop. Later I found out that two packets of
cigarettes were missing. I called the police.
Vocabulary Exercises
5. Fill in the correct word derived from the words in brackets.
Last year our house was broken into while we were on a1)…………..(relax)
holiday. The buglers broke the kitchen window to get into the house. What a mess!
They opened the save and stole all my jewellery. It was a 2)………….(shock)
experience, and afterwards there was a 3)………….(length) police
4)………….(investigate). First a police officer came to take a statement,
accompanied by a man who dusted the house for any traces of the burglar’s
fingerprints. They wrote a report and started looking for the 5)………….(crime).
Two weeks later they found him and charged him with 6)………….(burgle). He was
found 7)………….(guilt) in court, as his fingerprints were everywhere in the house.
Speaking
6. Look through exercises 4, 5 and speak about the incidents happened.
Reading
7. Read the article and translate it using the dictionary. Try to remember the
highlighted words.
The Crime Rate in Moscow Is on the Rise (I)
In the year of 2000 in Moscow there were registered 109.5 thousand crimes and
this figure exceeds the level of crime in 1999 by 41%.
For the last year the number of crimes committed on the city streets went up by
37.3%.
The crime rate in Moscow has seriously increased over the last two months
compared with the same period one year ago, according to Moscow Police (GUVD)
statistics published this week. The overall number of crimes increased by 18.1 per
cent in January, while serious crimes grew by 7.2 per cent. The number of murders
as compared to the figures recorded in 1999 decreased by 6.4%. The number of
burglaries registered in Moscow saw the biggest jump since the early 1990s, up 23
per cent. At the same time, the police currently solve only 56 per cent of these crimes,
which is 28 per cent less than a year ago.
The number of car accidents in Moscow decreased in the last year by 0.3% and
came to 7032. In the result of car accidents 977 people died and this is 4.9% less than
in 1999. 7388 people suffered in these accidents and had different kinds of traumas.
The increase in burglaries also hit Moscow's diplomatic community, as
unidentified criminals have raided several missions since the beginning of this year,
The Moscow Tribune has learned. According to diplomatic sources, the embassies of
43
Argentina, Cameroon, Tajikistan, and Tunisia have been hit by burglars. Despite the
special police department guards posted outside the missions, criminals managed to
slip in during the night.
Officials at the embassies had to comment about the incidents, saying that this
could impede the ongoing investigations. The material damage suffered by the
missions is also unclear.
Dozens of diplomats and foreign businessmen were robbed and others were
seriously beaten last year, but the police would not cite specific numbers, saying only
that they are statistically insignificant.
Xenophobic crime increased 72 per cent in 2000. In one case, a skinhead was
convicted for the brutal beating of an American citizen in central Moscow last year
(2001).
xenophobic crime – преступления, совершаемые из-за ненависти,
нетерпимости к иностранцам
8. Mark the sentences as T (true) or F (false).
1. The crime rate in Moscow has seriously increased.
2. The number of serious crimes didn’t grow.
3. The number of burglaries registered in Moscow saw the biggest jump since the
early 1980s.
4. The police solve 56 per cent of these crimes, which is 28 per cent more than a
year ago.
5. The number of car accidents in Moscow went down.
6. In the result of car accidents less people died this year.
7. Burglars have hit the embassies of Argentina, Cameroon, Tajikistan, and
Tunisia.
8. The police arrested the criminals.
9. There was the brutal beating of a French citizen in central Moscow last year.
Speaking
9. Read the article again and complete the table. Use your notes to talk
about the crime situation in Moscow.
city
the total
number
of crimes
the
number
of serious
crimes
the
number
of
murders
the number
of
burglaries
the
number of
car
accidents
another
wrongdoings
the
police
actions
Writing
• Study the following information.
44
A witness statement is a report written to give necessary information about an
incident to the police. Using sequencing, it describes what happened from the point of
a witness or somebody involved in the incident and is, therefore, written in the first
person. A statement should be a combination of facts, hypothesis and relevant detail
such as times and descriptions.
Hypothesis can be used if the witnesses want to say what they think happened,
or to describe a person involved.
The language in a witness statement does not necessarily have to be formal;
short forms can be used. Study the following outline:
Introduction
Development
Conclusion
set the scene (time,
place,
people involved)
description of the main events and
people involved, hypothesis and
evidence
final result of the
incident
10a). Match the evidence with the hypothesis
hypothesis
evidence
The kitchen window was left unlocked,
therefore the thief could have observed
me getting off the bike and entering the
supermarket.
I saw the suspect leaving the boutique
with a large bag over her shoulder,
he or she may be one of my employees
who knew where certain pieces are kept.
My bicycle was stolen while I was
inside the supermarket,
therefore the robbers could have entered
through the window.
The kidnappers grabbed me as I was
leaving my daily piano lesson,
so I believe that the stolen merchandise
may have been in that bag.
Because the thief stole only certain
pieces of jewellery from selected vaults,
so they might have been watching me
for weeks to discover my daily routine.
10b). Read the following evidence and complete the sentences by writing
appropriate hypotheses.
1. I described the mugger as being average height and overweight, so
……………………………….
2. At 11pm I heard a loud banging noise coming from the car park outside,
therefore ………………
3. Seconds before the bomb exploded, I saw three men exiting the building and
walking away quickly, so ………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
4. I saw a man running through my neighbour’s back garden, therefore
……………………………..
5. The lock on the back door was old and in need of repair, so
……………………………………….
45
10c). Read this witness statement. Underline the evidence and circle the
hypothesis.
As I was walking along Western Road at about 11.00 on Saturday morning I saw
a red car pull up in front of me and two men jumped out and ran into Woolworths. I
didn’t really pay any attention until I heard screams coming from inside the shop.
When I got closer I saw one man holding a gun while the other emptied a cash
register. I couldn’t see them very well, but one was fairy tall with brown hair and
sunglasses and the other was shorter with very short blond hair. They were both
wearing jeans and are about 22 years old, so they could have been students. There
was another man in the car who had been waiting with the engine running, but I
couldn’t see what he looked like. I think they must have panicked at that point,
because they came running out without waiting to fill their bag with money and
jumped into the red car again.
As soon as the two men jumped into the car it drove off very fast in the direction
of Churchill Square and the police arrived soon after that.
10d). You were the witness in a bank that was robbed last Monday. Write a
statement describing what happened, following the plan below.
Para. 1: set the scene (time, place, people
involved)
Useful language:
Para. 2: description of the main events and
people involved
I notice, I saw, I could
hear, It could have been
…, I think, It’s
probable/possible
Para. 3: final result of the incident.
Just for fun
Find out and circle 12 kinds of criminal offences.
a h i j a c k i n g m s t f a m k i l l i
u
s h o p l i f t i n g
m e r o r d u e r t g u f g c a n a r c o
i
g t e k p a r r i s n
g a r e e p i o n a g l w y t d p f r a u
d
i f g b r i b i n g o
n a r s o n h s i c k g a m b l g i m o l
y
46
Unit 6. CRIME (II)
Warm up Activities
1. There are different types of crimes and offences below. Decide how
serious (from 1 to 5) a crime or an offence is, then discuss your opinion with
your group mates.
theft 1 2 3 4
5
shoplifting
1 2 3 4 5
mugging
1 2 3 4 5
arson 1 2 3 4
5
burglary
1 2 3 4 5
kidnapping
1 2 3 4 5
terrorism
1 2 3 4 5
pick pocketing
1 2 3 4 5
assassination
1 2 3 4 5
hijacking
1 2 3 4 5
forgery 1 2 3 4
5
selling drugs
1 2 3 4 5
bribing an official
1 2 3 4 5
prostitution
1 2 3 4 5
murdering
1 2 3 4 5
being drunk in a public place
1 2 3 4 5
buying a camera which was
stolen
1 2 3 4 5
using a weapon
1 2 3 4 5
killing a police officer
1 2 3 4 5
selling porno films and books
1 2 3 4 5
crossing the street in the wrong
place
1 2 3 4 5
breaking public order
1 2 3 4 5
driving a car in a drunken state
1 2 3 4 5
smoking marijuana
1 2 3 4 5
stealing money from a bank
1 2 3 4 5
rape 1 2 3 4
5
Reading
2. Read the text and find the English equivalents of the following words and
phrases in the text:
47
начальник ГУВД г. Москва, границы города, средний, преступления,
совершенные в городе, компьютеризированная, по сравнению с тем же
периодом прошлого года, криминальные группировки, определенные
ограничения, предмет особой важности, отказывались регистрировать,
объективная причина, изменить ситуацию, внутренние войска, нехватка
квалифицированных кадров, «обуздать» преступность.
The Crime Rate in Moscow Is on the Rise (II)
“Moscow - Crime is on the rise in the Russian capital,” Vladimir Pronin,
Moscow’s police chief, admitted on Wednesday. According to the police chief, since
the beginning of the year Moscow has seen a considerable increase in offences
committed in the city as compared to the same period last year. But, such a rise has
been brought about not so much by the growing crime rate as by the fact that the
police have begun to register crimes more accurately.
Following numerous protests from citizens against unscrupulous policemen
who refused to register their complaints on various pretexts, the city police authorities
have moved to change the situation. “Last year the number of complaints against
policemen who refused to register reported crimes, dropped by 33 per cent,” Pronin
said.
“And as for the crime rate in Moscow, it is not much higher than on average
across the country,” Pronin explained. In particular, on average there are 198
offences committed in Russia per 10,000 citizens, whereas in Moscow that figure
stands at 107 crimes per 10,000.
“The number of crimes has increased considerably after the police authorities
began to use more advanced information techniques in their work,” Pronin stated.
For instance, earlier reaching the police call service by phone took about six minutes,
while nowadays, after a computerized registration system for incoming calls was
introduced, the process takes no more than 6 or 7 seconds.
60 per cent of all offences registered and investigated in Moscow are committed
by non-residents. Most of these crimes, such as burglaries and robberies, which are
particularly difficult to solve, are usually committed around the time of public
holidays. According to Pronin, many Muscovites leave the city to spend the holidays at
their dachas in the country, leaving their city apartments particularly vulnerable to
thieves. “Most crimes are committed in Moscow’s eastern, south-eastern and southern
districts,” said Pronin. “Youths from Mytishchi, Podolsk arrive in Moscow and work
wonders here,” said the official.
This is what has prompted the police authorities’ calls for imposing restrictions
on non-residents entering the capital. “The capital of the state is a subject of special
importance. Many countries enact certain restrictions on entering the capital. And
only in Russia there is virtually no difference between Moscow, and, say, the Tula
region,” Pronin said.
At the same time, the police official admitted that closing the city borders is
hardly a good idea. “Why do you think everyone is eager to come to Moscow? Why
are there so many people of Caucasian origin here? They lived in Moscow before.
48
Many were living here thirty years ago. But as the situation there (where they come
from) is getting worse, they come here to their relatives,” the police chief said,
reminding the press that the most serious crimes in the city are committed by criminal
groupings based on ethnicity.
Vladimir Pronin also voiced concern over the lack of qualified police staff
available to patrol the city metro. Police forces in the metro are 40 per cent
understaffed. “That is why to ensure public safety there we have to employ Interior
Ministry troops,” Pronin said, adding that the servicemen cannot cope with their
tasks and that is why the police authorities have decided to invite residents from other
Russian regions to serve in the Moscow police. Muscovites are not willing to work in
the metro or in the OMON (special-purpose police) units mainly because of the low
pay. That is the objective reason why no one is eager to serve in the police.
In conclusion, the general added that he supports the idea of restoring the socalled Narodnaya Druzhina, neighbourhood-watch squads, formed in the Soviet times
by volunteers. “No police force will ever be able to harness crime without the
people’s help,” he said.
squad – команда, отделение
pretext – отговорка, предлог
vulnerable – уязвимый
impose – облагать, налагать
enact – предписывать, постановлять, вводить закон
voice concern – выражать озабоченность
3. Answer the questions:
1. Why does the crime rate grow in Moscow?
2. What has moved the city police authorities to change the situation with the
policemen who refused to register reported crimes?
3. Is the crime rate in Moscow much higher than on average across the country?
4. What happened after the police authorities began to use more advanced
information techniques in their work?
5. Who commits 60 per cent of all offences registered and investigated in
Moscow?
6. Is imposing restrictions on non-residents entering the capital a good idea? Why
not?
7. Why have the police authorities decided to invite residents from other Russian
regions to serve in the Moscow police?
8. The general supports the idea of restoring the so-called Narodnaya Druzhina,
doesn’t he?
Vocabulary Exercises
4. Fill in the appropriate word(s) from the list then make sentences using
the completed phrases.
49
police, considerable, committed, growing, be, register, unscrupulous, various,
advanced, vulnerable
to…………....on the rise
on………….. pretexts
…………...information techniques
the…………. crime rate
.……………..to thieves
to………….. crimes
a…………….increase
……………. call service
.………….….police
…………… by non-residents
5. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate word(s) from the list below:
restored, restriction, lack, cope, complaints, volunteers, committed
1. Some children are full of ….. about their food. (grounds for, dissatisfaction)
2. His son ….. suicide jumped down the 11th floor. (perform)
3. There is currency …... that a person may use for foreign travel. (something that
restrict)
4. The old castle will be ….. . (make well and normal again; bring back)
5. The ….. of water is a great problem for African countries. ( need, shortage)
6. She couldn’t ….. with difficulties. (manage successfully)
7. There were thousands of ….. during the World War II. (people who offer to do
something)
6. Fill in the correct prepositions.
1 to be …. the rise; 2 according …. the police chief; 3 …. the beginning …. the
year; 4 protests …. citizens ….; 5 …. particular; 6 …. average; 7 …. instance; 8 ….
the time of public holidays; 9 to spend the holidays …. their dachas …. the country;
10 restrictions …. entering; 11 based …. ethnicity; 12 to serve …. the police; 13 ….
conclusion; 14 …. the people’s help.
50
Speaking
7. Make notes under these headings. Use your notes to talk about the crime
rate in Moscow.
• The problem of the capital
• The reasons of increasing of the crime rate
• The measures taken by the police authorities
8. Read the text and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space.
There is an example at the beginning (0). Then translate the article using a
dictionary.
Avoiding Crime in Russia
Russia has a high rate of crime. To 0) B becoming victims of the different types
of crimes in the future we recommend that all tourists take the same precautions
against crime in Russia's cities as they would in any major city in the West. In
addition, based on types of crimes, we offer the following comments.
Petty thefts and pick pocketing occur, particularly in crowded markets, major
department stores, train stations and on public transportation. There have been 1)….
of theft from checked airline baggage. Travellers may find it prudent to put valuables
in their carry-on luggage.
Displaying jewellery or large amounts of money in public increases the risk of
being attacked by roving bands of juveniles 2)…. frequent areas around major hotels
and other spots with a high volume of tourist foot-traffic.
Violent crimes, like armed robbery or mugging are less common, but have been
known to occur both at day and night, and in downtown and remote 3)…. of cities.
Gunfire is rare, but innocent bystanders have been injured.
Customers in restaurants occasionally are randomly harassed by thugs. 4)….
travellers have reported being robbed after they were drugged in their hotel room by
casual acquaintances.
Opening hotel or apartment doors to unexpected "guests" is dangerous. Robbers
have used this technique, sometimes posing as police officers, to gain access to
foreigners and their property. Residents should ensure that the door to their homes are
of solid wood or steel and are secured with a 5)…., properly installed lock against
forced entry. Foreigners should also exercise caution in building lobbies, stairwells
and elevators in the evening, especially when alone.
In Moscow, heavy traffic is constant and accidents are common. Travel by
public transport as well as by private vehicle can be hazardous as traffic laws are
frequently disregarded and drivers tend to be undisciplined. It is risky to drive alone
on rural inter-city roads or without spare equipment and supplies 6)…. the distance
between road service outlets is often great. Unattended vehicles are often broken into.
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]