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Файл:Буква закона = Letter of law. Учебное пособие
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Writing
• Read the information at page 10-`12 and the following plan for
letters of application
Paragraph plan for letters of application
salutation
Paragraph 1
reason(s) for
writing
Paragraphs 2,
3
qualifications
— previous
experience
Final
paragraph
closing
remarks
name
10a). Choose one of the FBI’s divisions where you would like to work. Write
a letter applying for the position of a FBI agent using the following in the right
order and adding a salutation and your name.
25 years old/recently graduate/the Police Academy in New York/ with honours
enclose my C.V./would be glad/supply any further information required
have the proper qualifications/experience/ for the position
at Academy/specialize/psychology/human relations/crime and delinquency
causation/police ethics/ other subject matters/provide/a better understanding of
human behaviour
member/students’ research society/taught/methods of forensic science
examinations
write/apply for the position
look forward to/meet you/discuss employment opportunities/one of the FBI’s
divisions/would like to work.
have previous experience/a patrolman. My duty/make uniform patrol/the
district/help detectives/ their follow-up investigations.
10b). Write a letter applying for the position of a lawyer adding your
personal details.
Just for fun
A: The police are looking for a man with one eye called Murphy.
B: Oh, yes? What’s his other eye called?
22
Unit 3. POLICE WORK (III)
Warm up Activities
1a). What do you know about the work of militia? State three facts.
1b). Say at least eight words you would expect to see in the text.
Reading
2. Read the text and decide what the underlined words are substitutes for.
Choose the appropriate answer below. Then explain the words in bold.
The Work of Militia
Our militia was created by the working people to protect their rights. The
officers of our militia have always displayed courage and heroism in the fight against
enemies of our state and crime.
The main aim of militia has always been to maintain public order, to protect
state and personal property and safeguard the rights of our citizens. Nowadays great
attention in the work of militia is paid to prevention of crime, to 1 its suppression.
But if a crime has been committed, the militia officers are to solve the crime as
quickly as possible. To fulfil these tasks the organs of internal affairs are composed
of different departments.
The Criminal Detection Department is one of the most complicated militia
services. The main responsibility of the officer of the Criminal Detection Department
is to detect the criminal, that is to locate and apprehend 2 him. In many cases the
detective must trace a fugitive who is hiding.
The officers of the Criminal Investigation Department collect facts to prove the
guilt or innocence of the suspect. The final test of a criminal investigation is in
presentation of evidence in court. Corpus delicti must be established, the defendant
must be identified and associated with the crime scene. The investigator must also
provide competent witnesses.
Economic Crimes Department fights against those who don't want to live an
honest life. The responsibility of the officers of this Department is to reveal the
criminal activity of 3 those who commit embezzlement and other economic crimes,
bring 4 them to justice.
The State Auto-Inspection is responsible for traffic regulation and safety on the
roads.
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The Transport Militia maintains law and order on the railway, airlines and
waterways of the country.
The Juvenile Inspection handles «difficult» juveniles and 5 their careless
parents. They also do much work to prevent juvenile delinquency.
The Correctional System is supposed to rehabilitate offenders through labour.
This is the purpose of correctional establishments.
A new service for the fight against organized crime has been created in our
militia. Organized crime operates on fear, bribery and force. Militia officers of
organized crime department are devoting 6 their efforts to collect sufficient evidence
to bring gang leaders to justice.
1. its
a) crime’s b) prevention’s
2. him
a) the officer b) the criminal
3. those
a) bring them to justice b) commit embezzlement
4. them
a) criminals b) other economic crimes
5. their
a) juveniles’ b) inspectors’
6. their
a) militia officers’ b) gang leaders’
3. Fill in the correct prepositions.
1 to bring ….. justice; 2 ….. presentation ….. evidence; 3 to be composed …..; 4
….. the fight ….. enemies; 5 to rehabilitate offenders ….. labour; 6 to maintain law
and order ….. the railway.
Speaking
4a). Choose the correct ending to each sentence in the table.
The main aim of militia
is responsible for traffic regulation and safety
on the roads.
The Juvenile Inspection
is to reveal the criminal activity of those
who commit economic crimes and bring
them to justice.
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The officers of the
Criminal Investigation
Department
maintains law and order on the railway, air
lines and water ways of the country.
To fulfil these tasks the
internal affairs bodies
collect facts to prove the guilt or innocence
of the suspect with presentation of evidence
in a court.
The main responsibility
of the officers of the
Criminal Detection
Department
has always been to maintain public order, to
protect state and personal property and
safeguard the rights of our citizens.
Militia officers of
organized crime
department
is to detect the criminal, that is to locate and
apprehend him.
The responsibility of the
officers of the Economic
Crimes Department
are devoting their efforts to collect sufficient
evidence to bring leaders of organized
criminality to justice.
The Correctional System
handles «difficult» juveniles and their
careless parents and do much work to
prevent juvenile delinquency.
The Transport Militia
is supposed to rehabilitate offenders through
labour.
The State AutoInspection
are composed of different departments.
4b). Put the completed sentences from 4a) in the logical order and speak on
the topic.
Reading
5. Read the text and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space.
There is an example at the beginning (0).
Interpol
What is an "International criminal"? It is not a new type of wrongdoer. The term
is simply one of practical convenience. For example, if a man kills a woman in
London and then (0) B in Russia, he becomes an "International criminal". If the term
were based on some legal concept, we should recognize the existence of such a thing
as international crime.
At the beginning of the 20th century it was necessary that the international
organization should be created to combat crime and (1) ………………….ideas and
25
methods between the police forces in the world. It came into being under the name of
the International Criminal Police Commission in 1923 and worked until the
beginning of World War II.
In 1946 the old members of the ICPC met in Belgium to revive the organization.
In 1956 it was renamed the "International Criminal Police Organization - Interpol".
Its clients are 174 agencies throughout the world. This organization is not under the
control or supervision of any government. Interpol members are, for the most part,
police and not governmental representatives, (2)………………. certain governments
have sent observers from their military, intelligence, customs, post office and
immigration departments.
A multinational force, much (3)…………….the United Nations, Interpol is
made up of police of the Free World and is a bona fide law enforcement agency.
Among the first to fight international terrorism and hijackings, Interpol still leads the
war on narcotics, assists a number of nations in the continuing search for wanted Nazi
war criminals. One of the most (4)…………….respected groups in the world,
Interpol is controlled to safeguard the basic rights of every citizen. It operates
according to a strict code of behaviour and adheres to the highest ethical standards.
The general aims of Interpol are defined in its Constitution. The combating of
International criminals within the limits of laws existing in different countries is
divided into three distinct activities: the exchange of police information, the
identification of wanted or suspected by the police, the detention of those who are
wanted, but Interpol does not have (5)……………of arrest or any investigative
rights.
Interpol is much like any large corporation with bureaus in various countries and
with representatives from these offices also stationed at the main office. Information is
exchanged between the national bureaus, but the police forces themselves are subject to
the laws and policies of their respective nations.
Interpol is (6)……………into four main bodies — the General Assembly, the
Executive Committee, the General Secretariat and the National Central Bureaus.
The General Assembly is composed of the delegates from each member country.
It is «the Supreme Authority». The General Assembly controls the policy of the
organization.
The Executive Committee is a nine-member board made-up of the president, two
vice-presidents, and six delegates chosen by the General Assembly.
The General Secretariat, the (7)………………..body, located in Lion, is
Interpol's business division. It contains the «permanent departments» four of which
specialize in certain crimes: one handles murder, burglary, assault, larceny, car theft,
and missing persons; (8)………………..deals with bank frauds and other types of
embezzlement; a third with drug traffic and morals offences; and a fourth deals with
forgery and counterfeiting.
(9)……………..divisions are the general records department, where files are
kept, and a special records department, where fingerprints and other methods of
identification are used.
26
The National Central Bureaus are the Interpol offices in various countries. Each
NCB is empowered to communicate directly with and exchange information with any
other NCB.
0 A goes
B escapes
C walks
D arrives
1 A to alter
B to replace
C to change
D to exchange
2 A although
B so
C because
D thus
3 A to be like
B look like
C like
D love
4 A largely
B highly
C well
D deeply
5 A duties
B laws
C forces
D powers
6 A divided
B consist
C composed
D separated
7 A regular
B fixed
C permanent
D constant
8 A other
B another
C two
D neither
9 A Other
B another
C Fifth
D Much
Vocabulary Exercises
6. Find the words in the text below that mean:
• the quality of being suitable
• an abstract or general idea
• to make or become lively or active again
• a group or department collecting military information
• undertaken in good faith
• seizing control of (a vehicle or aircraft) while travelling
• to act according to a rule or agreement
• to place, to locate
• an imitation designed to deceive or defraud
7. Find the different word and explain why it is the odd one out as in the
example.
wrongdoer
criminal
offender
fugitive
to struggle
to fight
to assist
to combat
observation
care
control
supervision
Interpol
CIA
FBR
UN
to look for
to search
to seek
to hide
division
agency
corporation
organization
the General
Assembly
the Executive
Committee
the National
Central Bureaus
the General
Secretariat
burglary
larceny
bank frauds
espionage
Wrongdoers, criminals and offenders are people who committed a crime, while
fugitives are those who escaped from arrest or pursuit.
27
8. Mark the sentences as T (true) or F (false).
1. Interpol was founded in 1946. …….
2. It is devoted to coordinating actions against International criminals. …….
3. Interpol doesn’t submit to any government, but safeguards the basic rights of
every citizen. …….
4. Interpol has powers of arrest of those who are wanted. …….
5. The General Assembly is composed of the delegates from each country. …
6. The General Secretariat controls the policy of the organization. …….
7. None of the departments specialize in bank frauds and other types of
embezzlement. …….
8. There are departments, where files are kept, and a special records department,
where fingerprints and other methods of identification are used…..
9. The NCB are the Interpol offices in different countries, which are empowered
to exchange information with any other NCB………
Speaking
9. Read the text again then make notes under these headings. Use your notes
to talk about Interpol.
• Foundation of Interpol, its members
• Main functions
• Restriction of its activity
• The General Assembly of Interpol
• The Executive Committee
• The General Secretariat
• The National Central Bureaus
Writing
• Read the following information.
There are various kinds of descriptive writing, such as descriptions of people,
places, events etc.
A descriptive composition should include an interesting introduction, a main
body which develops the theme and a good ending. You should organize your ideas
into paragraphs. Each paragraph starts with a topic sentence which tells us what the
paragraph is about. Before you start writing your composition, you should first make
a plan. Style of descriptive writing differs according to the purpose of the text. It can
be formal and informal. Before writing, you must think of who is going to read your
text and for what reason. In writing you use formal language when you write a text
for a serious magazine or newspaper. Informal language is used when your text is
28
addressed to a friend, or appears in a light-hearted magazine or newspaper. We also
write in a personal style to have a persuasive effect on the readers.
Formal style: Impersonal style, use of passive voice, complex sentences, welldeveloped paragraphs, use of participles, non-colloquial English; short forms are
acceptable only in quotes.
Informal style: personal style, use of colloquial English (idioms and idiomatic
expressions) use of short forms.
Narrative - Descriptive letters
Descriptive and/or narrative techniques can be used when writing a letter. For
example, you may need to write to the Lost Property Office of a hotel describing a
briefcase which you have lost. In this situation, you must write in a formal style and
give a complete description of the item you are looking for, using descriptive
techniques. Or you may need to write to a friend describing any particular incidents
or events. Then you must write in an informal style using narrative techniques.
Paragraph plan for narrative - descriptive letters
salutation
Paragraph 1
reason(s) for
writing
Paragraphs 2, 3
description of the
event/person/object
Final
paragraph
closing
remarks
name
10a). Read the two models. Which is part of a letter to a friend? Which is
taken from a local magazine or newspaper? What style is used in each?
Two prisoners escaped from Garfield
prison this afternoon by helicopter. This is
how it happened. At about one o’clock, a
man called Mr.Lake went to Stansted
airport and hired a helicopter. The
helicopter took off, but as it was flying
towards Birmingham, Mr.Lake took out a
gun. The pilot, Mr. Peter Evans, was told to
fly north to Garfield. At exactly 3.15, the
helicopter landed on the prison sport field.
The prisoners were playing football at the
time. When the helicopter landed, Webster
and Dean ran to the helicopter. They
climbed in and the helicopter took off. The
helicopter was in the prison for less than
thirty seconds.
The helicopter then flew towards the
village of Dingley, where a black Ford car
… Greetings from sunny
Jamaica! I’m sitting in my hotel room
at the moment, enjoying a cold
tropical fruit drink after a day on the
beach. I really needed this holiday as
I’ve been so busy lately.
Have you already heard the
latest news from Garfield prison?
Yes, we did it! That was me who
organised the escape from prison and
freed my friends. How did I manage?
Easy!
I came to Stansted airport and
hired a helicopter. When we were
flying toward Birmingham, I took out
a barrel and told the pilot to fly north
to Garfield. Just imagine - his eyes
leaped from their sockets! But in a
29
was waiting for them. The pilot was tied to
the helicopter and the prisoners ran to the
car and drove away.
Police inspector Gordon Gregson
described the men. Both men are thirtyseven. Dean is tall and slim with short
black hair, brown eyes and a beard.
Webster is shorter and fatter. He has got
fair hair and blue eyes and he wears
glasses. The men were wearing prison
clothes when they escaped, but when they
left the helicopter, Webster was wearing
brown trousers, a green jumper and a
brown coat. Dean was wearing a light blue
jumper, black trousers and a dark blue
jacket. Lake was wearing a dark grey suit, a
white shirt and a red tie. The men have got
guns and they are very dangerous …
couple of hours we were on the
prison sport field. My fellows jumped
in and off we went.
As we reached Dingley, we tied
the pilot to the helicopter and ordered
him not to wag his tongue. Dean and
Webster changed their clothes and
looked like real gentlemen.
Then we ran to my car which
I’d left the day before. We got into
the car and you can whistle for us!
In the morning we arrived here
and guess what! We rushed to the
beach immediately – it’s like being in
paradise! The sand is white and very
soft and the water is a lovely blue-
green colour. There’s also a small
wooden hut which is a great place to
…
10b). First correct this news report, then write the descriptive letter to your
friend from the point of view of a resident of Hanworth.
Search Continues for Escaped
Convict
Residents of Hanworth, Sussex, are
warned not to leave from their homes last
night as the hunt for an escaped convict from
nearby Beddston Prison continued.
The prisoner, a convicted murderer,
escaped from the prison early yesterday
morning while he is being transferred to
Lewes on trial. Using a knife he had
concealed at his trousers, the man threatened
the police officers guarded him and ties
them up before he escaped in the direction of
Hanworth.
Police immediately alerted the residents of Hanworth, which were advised to
stay in their houses and locked their doors.Shops and the local school closed in
midday, and will remain closed until the convict will be caught. A description of the
convict has been issued by police. He is at his mid-thirties, with dark brown hairs,
brown eyes and a beard.
Philip Chilton, officer in charge of the search, yesterday warning the public not
to approach the man on any circumstances, saying "He was extremely dangerous.
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Some member of the public who thinks they have seen him should contact their local
police department immediately and should not attempt to approach him".
Police is confident that the man will be caught within the next twenty-four hours.
Just for fun
Working as a lawyer you have to solve a lot
of problems every day. Solve the following case.
Once Dr Quick got up early in the morning. In
an hour, after he had finished his breakfast, his
telephone rang.
“Excuse me, this is Chang Low speaking. I'm
the butler of James Goodwin. I've just entered the
house and found out that my host had been killed
and robbed by somebody,” said an excited voice
from the telephone receiver.
Dr. Quick arrived at the place in a few minutes
and the butler took him to the drawing room,
which was bright and warm with sunlight.
The dead body of Mr. James Goodwin was lying on the floor.
“Did you find him exactly here?” asked Dr. Quick.
“Yes, exactly here 20 minutes ago, when crossing the drawing-room I stumbled
over the body in the darkness. I was so frightened that immediately ran to the
telephone hanging at the entrance and rang you up. I didn’t try anything, sir”, said
Chang.
Dr Quick cast an attentive glance at the room, with luxurious leather furniture,
expensive blinds on the windows and a fleecy carpet on the floor.
At last he said: “Come out into the light and tell why you did it.”
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