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Файл:Английский язык. Факультативные занятия. Лексико-грамматический практикум. 11-й класс. Пособие для учащихся учреждений общего среднего образования с б
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The sooner you come back, the quicker we complete the work.
Краткая форма этой конструкции употребляется в выражении the more the merrier, а также в предложениях,
оканчивающихся на the better.
How do you like your coffee? – The stronger the better.
Practice
Ex. 1. Use the correct form of the appopriate degree of adverbs in brackets.
1. The exam was really difficult. I did as … as I could and left
the rest blank (much).
2. Could you talk … (quietly)?
3. I’ll try to do my best to come back … (early).
4. We are short of time. Can’t you drive any … (fast)?
5. Since he’s got more spare time now, he plays tennis much …
than he used to (often).
6. She earns at … as … as Mark, and probably more (little, much).
7. This year Mike passed all his exams … than last year
(successfully).
8. Dave has run to the finish … of all (fast).
9. Mr. Horn used to travel … in his previous job (often).
10. He who laughs last laughs … (long).
11. She doesn’t drive as … as her husband does (dangerously).
12. If you don’t eat …, you’ll be sick (slow).
13. She works … than everyone else in the office (efficiently).
14. I caught a taxi because if I had come by bus, it would have
taken me much … (long).
15. There’s been an accident. Try to come as … as you can, please
(quickly).
16. We’d better not go any … tonight (far).
17. If he took his job …, he would achieve better results
(seriously).
18. Jane speaks Italian … than English (fluently).
19. With e-mail we can communicate much … (effectively).
20. Of all the tennis players Sharapova played … and won the
championship (brilliantly).
131
Ex. 2. Match the following parts of sentences with the construction the … the +
+ comparative adjective or adverb.
1. The sooner you do it
2. The more you read
3. The oftener you practise
English
4. The sooner this is done
5. The more he works out
with weights
6. The faster we go
7. The colder it is
8. The longer I think of his
proposal
9. The more you study
Gram mar
10. The less chocolate you eat
a) the fewer problems with
your teeth you have.
b) the more knowledgeable
you become.
c) the stronger he becomes.
d) the sooner we reach the
place.
e) the fewer mistakes you
make.
f) the easier it will be.
g) the more fluently you speak.
h) the better.
i) the less I like it.
j) the more clothes we need to
wear.
7.2. Наречия, совпадающие по форме с прилагательными
For Study
Наречия, в большинстве случаев, образуются от прила-
гательных путем прибавления суффикса -ly:
happy – happily, angry – angrily, careful – carefully, bad –
badly, true – truly
Суффикс -ly характерен также для ряда прилагатель-
ных (motherly, fatherly, novely, ugly, silly, friendly,
cowardly, etc.). От таких прилагательных наречия об-
разуются с помощью предложного оборота (in a silly
manner, in a cowardly way, etc.).
Некоторые наречия в английском языке совпадают по
форме с прилагательными. К ним относятся: fast, far,
hard, late, last, (a) little, much, better, best, etc.
I met Mike two years ago last. (наречие)
132
I haven’t seen you since the last meeting. (прилагательное)
The train came ten minutes late. (наречие)
I am sorry I am late. (прилагательное)
Некоторые наречия, оканчивающиеся на -ly, совпада-
ют по форме с прилагательными. К ним относятся early,
daily, hourly, weekly, monthly, yearly. В случае совпаде-
ния по форме наречия отличаются от прилагательных
по выполняемой ими функции в предложении: обстоятельства образа действия для наречия и определение
для прилагательного.
Newspapers are delivered daily. (обстоятельство образа
действия)
Is it a daily newspaper? (определение)
Некоторые наречия имеют две формы: одна форма име-
ет суффикс -ly, другая – совпадает по форме с прилагательным. Такие наречия различаются по значению:
hard (усердно) – hardly (едва)
*
high (высоко) – highly (очень)
late (поздно) – lately (в последнее время)
near (возле, близко) – nearly (почти)
sharp (точно) – sharply (резко)
Сюда также относятся:
deep (глубоко под землей) – deeply (очень)
The pot with ancient coins was buried deep in the ground.
The man was deeply touched.
close (близко) – closely (тесно, плотно)
Come closer to me.
I shut the door closely. They are closely connected.
fair (честно) – fairly (довольно)
We must play fair.
They know him fairly well.
most (превосходная степень от much) – mostly (главным
образом)
Which of the two poems do you like most?
She is mostly interested in languages.
pretty (довольно) – prettily (красиво)
*
См. «Лексико-грамматический практикум.10 класс», стр. 146–147.
133
She was prettily dressed.
wide (широко в прямом смысле) – widely (широко в значении
«очень»: широко распространённый)
The window door was wide open.
She spread her arms wide in a welcoming gesture.
The festival was a widely publicized event.
light (налегке, без вещей) – lightly (слегка, нежно, несерьёзно)
He likes travelling light.
I touched her lightly on the shoulder.
Прилагательные (а не наречия) употребляются в каче-
стве именной части именного составного сказуемого
после глаголов-связок: be, become, feel, look, seem,
appear, taste, smell, turn.
The soap smells delicious.
You look very tired. You need a rest. (But: She felt well /
unwell).
Глаголы appear, grow, look, turn могут употребляться также
в качестве смыслового глагола. В этом случае к ним примыкает наречие.
She always looks sad. (глагол-связка + прилагательное)
но
She only looked at me sadly but said nothing. (смысловой
глагол + наречие)
Practice
Ex. 1. Complete the sentences with an appropriate adverb formed from the
words in the box.
easy quiet sincere month probable
day clear lucky bad occasion near
1. The magazine is published … so we’ll get 12 issues a year.
2. This medicine can be made quite … .
3. I can’t understand why Nick hasn’t arrived. He’s … been
delayed by the traffic.
134
4. There’s a very convenient train from Moscow which arrives
… at 9.00.
5. Kate closed the door … so as not to wake up the baby.
6. She … gets some help from outside.
7. I can’t see … without glasses.
8. I … apologize for the trouble I’ve caused you.
9. The cat was … run over but … the driver stopped just in
time.
10. Fortunately, my leg wasn’t … hurt.
Ex. 2. Complete the chart using the words in the box. There are two examples
for you.
early month silly coward simple brother
year full true unlucky lonely still ugly
noisy father suitable awful fast
Наречие Прилагательное Предложное словосочетание
early early
silly in a silly way / manner
Ex. 3. Complete the sentences with the adjectives / adverbs from the box.
last (x3) yearly early (x2) fast (x3) good
well (x2) hard (x2) lively in a friendly way
daily (x2) silly (x2) cowardly best
in a lively manner late (x2) friendly
1. Slow down – you are going too … .
2. The zoo is open … from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.
3. Fashion has changed much in the … twenty years.
4. The horse was very … but not a very good jumper.
5. The Komsomolskaya Pravda is a … newspaper.
6. When I saw her … she was working in Moscow.
135
7. This may sound like a … question but what is the point of
this exercise?
8. In his youth, my father was … at playing hockey.
9. Aren’t you ashamed of your … behaviour?
10. We pay entrance fees … .
11. Stop making … faces at me!
12. The … bird catches the worm.
13. He started earning his living very … .
14. He wanted to know how … we could get it done.
15. We were pleased that the concert had gone so … .
16. My sister is always spoken … of.
17. The meeting was going on … .
18. He has always been a bright and … child.
19. The local people treated the tourists … .
20. I tried as … as I could to remember her name.
21. It was … to say whether Jane wanted to join us or not.
22. He came very … with a lame excuse.
23. Jim overslept and was … for school.
24. What began as a … talk, soon became a heated argument.
25. I would rather prefer this school to my … one.
26. If you want to do your … in your final exams, you should
avoid too many late nights.
Ex. 4. Translate the following word combinations with adverbs / adjectives into
English.
Дружеская беседа; в прошлом году; живой ребёнок; хорошо учиться; последняя капля; вставать рано (поздно); публиковать статьи еженедельно; вести себя трусливо; последний посетитель; Дальний Восток; быть немного разочарованным; относиться к кому-либо по-дружески; трудная работа; работать усердно; хорошо играть на гитаре; крепко
спать; быстро бегать; последний, но не менее важный.
Ex. 5. Choose the right form of the adverb.
1. They had hard / hardly left the house when the storm broke.
2. Lucy has been working very hard / hardly on her new project
late / lately, that’s why she is planning to take some time off.
136
3. The secretary has near / nearly finished the report so you
can have it in a few minutes.
4. He’s most / mostly interested in modern art.
5. The house was prettily / pretty decorated.
6. The kite flew high / highly in the sky.
7. Jobs in education are not usually high / highly paid.
8. The announcement said that the plane would take off
lately / late.
9. Can you close the window? It’s wide / widely open at the
moment.
10. There have been a lot of strikes at the airport late / lately.
11. Mark travelled wide / widely in Europe when he was a
student.
12. Sarah was so suntanned I could hard / hardly recognize her.
13. Be careful! You near / nearly ran into the post.
14. Come close / closely. I’ve got something important to
tell you.
15. Mr. Johnson was a high / highly paid official.
16. The workers had to dig deep / deeply into the ground to find
water.
17. All your remarks are deep / deeply embarrassing.
18. The accident happened short / shortly before midday.
19. My elder sister speaks English fair / fairly well.
20. Life on the farm was pretty / prettily tough.
21. They could hard / hardly hear each other because the music
was so loud.
22. If you train hard / hardly, you’ll easily win the marathon.
23. The dentist told me to open my mouth widely / wide.
24. We sat closely / close to each other so we could share the
newspaper.
Ex. 6. Use feel, smell or taste + an adjective to describe one of the objects
below.
sour [] bitter rough [] smooth []
tight sweet hard strong
137
Example: A lemon tastes sour.
•a lemon
•a cat’s tongue
•Mexican food
•hair which has just
been washed
Ex. 7. Translate the Russian fragments into English choosing between adverbs
and adjectives.
1. These jeans don’t feel (удобными).
2. Can you put the heating on? It feels really (холодно) in
here.
3. Barbara looks (нарядно) in her new straw hat.
4. What’s the matter with you? You look so (грустной).
5. The girl looked (весело) at the father, but he looked very
(злым).
6. On the whole, the plan looks (хорошим), but I suppose some
details ought to be thought over.
7. She raised her eyebrows and looked at me (холодно).
8. Roses smell so (приятно).
9. Roger appeared very (расстроенным).
10. The girl looked absolutely (беспомощной).
11. What’s for dinner? It smells (вкусно)!
12. You look really (счастливой). Does this mean you got the job?
13. Your children have become so (самостоятельными).
14. For the first time in her life Jane felt (счастливой) and at
peace with herself.
•jeans which are too small for you
•a marble statue
•a silk scarf
•espresso coffee without sugar
7.3. Особые трудности в употреблении наречий
For Study
Следует обратить внимание на английское наречие else,
которое обозначает other, different, more. Оно переводится
на русский язык как «ещё» и употребляется:
138
1) после неопределённых местоимений somebody, anybody,
nobody, nothing и наречий somewhere, everywhere, etc.
I can’t help you. Let’s ask somebody else.
There was nothing else to do.
2) после вопросительных слов who, what, where, how, why, etc.
What else did you buy?
Where else did you go?
Притяжательный падеж от наречия else – else’s
I’ve taken somebody else’s umbrella by mistake.
Русское наречие «ещё» имеет ряд других соответствий
в английском языке. К ним относятся still, yet, more, anoth-
er, other.
Всё ещё идёт дождь. It is still raining.
Я ещё не сделал уроки. I haven’t done my
homework yet.
Дайте мне ещё каши, Give me some more
пожалуйста. porridge, please
Принеси ещё один стул, Fetch another chair,
пожалуйста. please.
Какие ещё книги этого What other books by this
автора вы читали? author have you read?
Practice
Ex. Complete the sentences.
A. using else, else’s.
1. What … have we got for dinner?
2. Have you invited anybody … to the party?
3. We had nothing … to do but apply to the Dean’s office.
4. The manager isn’t in his office. He must be somewhere … .
5. These trainers are not mine. They are somebody … .
6. He says he loves this place. He wouldn’t want to live anywhere … .
7. How … can we solve the problem?
8. As soon as you have done this task, I’ll give you something
… to do.
9. What … would you like to ask?
139
10. Is there anybody … who wants to say something in favour of
this suggestion?
11. It isn’t Jane’s umbrella. It must be someone … from another
class.
12. It isn’t in my drawer. Where … could it be?
B. using still, yet, another, more, other.
1. Peter is … asleep! Don’t wake him up.
2. He hasn’t returned from Moscow … . He is … there.
3. Don’t be in a hurry. The lesson isn’t over … .
4. Could you buy two … tickets for me?
5. I’d like … cup of coffee.
6. Let the soup boil for … 10 minutes.
7. I don’t know … whether she’ll come or not.
8. We haven’t heard anything from Paul … .
9. I need … book on the same problem.
10. There were … reasons why the project couldn’t go ahead.
11. Let’s buy some … apples. They are very delicious.
12. It is … spring but it’s getting rather hot.
13. What … countries would you like to visit?
14. What … clothes will you take with you?
15. I think I’d need to know some … facts before I could agree to
the trip.
16. What … Grammar exercises will you have to do?
17. Do you … play tennis?
18. It’s cold today but it’ll be … colder tonight.
19. What … flowers besides roses do you grow in your garden?
20. A room with a sea view will cost … $10.
ЛЕКСИКА
1. Словообразование
Ex. Complete the texts with the appropriate forms of the words from the box.
criticize envy profession
music industry respond
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