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Unit 5. Teens and the World
81
Areas of Volunteering
Games volunteers will provide
services at/for the opening and
closing ceremonies, competition
and/or other events of the Games at
venues or facilities in the Beijing,
Yanqing, or Zhangjiakou competition zones.
The work areas open for volunteering include international relations,
competition operations, press operations and broadcasting, venue operations,
marketing, human resources, technology, cultural programmes, logistics,
security, and transport, etc.
Taken from https://www.youthop.com/miscellaneous/volunteer-for-
beijing-2022-olympic-and-paralympic-winter-games
2. Today Application for the position of Olympic Volunteer is done online. You
also can be asked to write a cover letter. Read statements about cover letter and
tick the correct ones.
a. The main purpose of writing a cover letter is to introduce your
personality deeper.
b. It is more detailed and personalized than CV (a resume).
c. It is informal letter.
d. It does not have a fixed structure.
e. You want to explain everything in it and it can be long.
3. а. Look at the cover letter of a boy applying for a position of a volunteer.
What does Ellie want to do? What can he do? What experience has he got?
a. Ellie Johnson
434 Main Street
Orange, FL
333-444-5555
johnsone15@email.com
1. Conclusion
Cross-Cultural Communication: Overcoming the Differences
82
May 23, 2020
Deborah Franklin
Manager
Happy Summer Day Camps
334 Forrest Hills Drive
Pine Beach, South Carolina 83365
b. Dear Ms. Franklin.
c. I am interested in interviewing for a volunteer
position with the Athletes’ Village.
d. I can work with young sportsmen and I am
particularly excited by the possibility of serving
as a volunteer counselor.
e. I have volunteered as a teacher's assistant at
Northridge Elementary School in Florida and I
enjoyed helping the students complete in-class
activities. As a teacher's aide, I was responsible
for setting up classroom projects, provided oneon-one tutoring sessions to the children and
accompanied the class during field trips. My
favorite part of the job was playing sports with
the kids.
f. Last winter, I worked at a local recreation center
as a lifeguard. I got a certificate and was trained
in first aid techniques. I also assisted in providing
swimming lessons for children aged 3–13.
g. If you are searching for volunteer counselors for
providing support to transport an injured athlete
or providing swift initial treatment , I would be
thrilled to have the opportunity to fill the position.
I believe my experience and skills would make
me a valuable member of your team. I also hope
that by serving as a volunteer I could gain
additional experience as an early childhood
educator, which is the field I plan to study when I
enroll in college next year.
2. Introduction
3. Education
4. Skills
5. Experience
6. Greeting
7. Sign-off
8. Your name and
address (if it is not
an email)
9. Expectations
Unit 5. Teens and the World
83
h. I hope to hear back from you very soon. Please
feel free to contact me via email or cell phone. I
am more than happy to conduct a phone or video
call interview at your convenience.
i. Thank you for your consideration! I look forward
to hearing from you,
Sincerely,
Ellie Johnson
b. Match each part of the letter to its function.
4. A. Look at the highlighted phrases. Which of the phrases do you use to
… greet the person? ___________________________________________
… explain why you are writing? __________________________________
… show your expectations and hopes? _____________________________
… to describe your experience? __________________________________
… close the letter? _____________________________________________
В. Look at the underlined verbs. What tense is used to describe our experience?
What tense is used to show past events which are important to show
working/studying background?
5. Read about volunteers’ roles during the Olympic games. Choose one and
complete the sentences about you.
1. Guidance: guiding spectators and other participants at
venues, checking tickets, providing assistance at the airports,
etc.,
2. Personal support: Providing athletes with foreign-language
support before and during their stay at the Athletes’ Village;
providing foreign-language support when athletes have media
interviews after competitions; Welcoming overseas delegations
at airports and venues, etc.
Cross-Cultural Communication: Overcoming the Differences
84
3. Operational Support: distributing uniforms (to volunteers,
etc.), registering staff members at check-in points at the start
of each day.
4. Healthcare: providing support to transport an injured
athlete to the first-aid room; providing swift initial treatment
to spectators or Olympic and Paralympic Games-related
personnel
5. Technology: supporting the distribution, collection, etc., of
technology and communications equipment; entering data and
displaying event results at competition venues.
6. Any: participating as a Games Volunteer in any role or activity.
I am interested in interviewing for __________________________________.
I can _______________________________ . I am excited by the possibility
of trying myself in ____________________________. I was responsible for
____________________________________. My favourite part of job was
______________________. If you are searching/ looking for volunteer for
______________________ I would be _____________________________.
I believe _____________________________________________________.
I hope _______________________________________________________
6. Write a cover letter to the positions you have chosen in ex. 5. Write about
200–250 words.
7. Work with a partner. Read cover letters of each other. What area of work did
your partner apply? Check if all the positions are in the text.
1. Greeting
2. He/she explained the purpose of the letter
3. He/she wrote about the experience/ education
(If there is no experience there are reasons why he/she is good for the
position)
Unit 5. Teens and the World
85
4. He/she described the skills
5. He/ she finished the letter with right phrases
Let’s speak!
Reacting to good and bad news.
1. Look at the picture and discuss
with your partners.
1. Do you think that students
who are bullied need more help
from teachers than their bullies
do?
2. What kind of help do bullies
need?
3. Can classmates help both
bullies and victims?
4. Can voulunteers somehow
influence the situation?
2. Read the dialogue between two teenagers, Anna and Sam. How did they
react to what they hear?
Anna: I ‘ve never been bullied at school. I guess, that’s because I’ve always
been busy. Besides, I didn’t pay attention to that. May be, I sometimes wer a
bully.
Sam: Lucky you! I kind of had such an experience. I used to wear glasses
and was pretty quiet so it didn’t add me popularity, you know.
Anna: Oh, that’s terrible! And how did you deal with the situation?
Sam: Well, I started doing sport and tried to not pay attention to the bullies.
But I had to change the school later ...
Anna: Oh, no…
Sam: I’m fine now. I am even happy now as I met great people at new
school. I’ve even joined a volunteer group that supports students suffering
from bulling.
Anna: That’s great! Can I help somehow?
3. Look at the pharses below. Put them into the correct column.
a. How wonderful!
b. Oh no…
Cross-Cultural Communication: Overcoming the Differences
86
c. Awesome!
d. That’s terrible.
e. Poor you. (Use this to respond to bad situations that are not too
serious)
f. Congratulations!
g. I’m so sorry to hear that.
h. That’s great!
i. I’m so happy for you!
4. Work in pairs. Make up a dialogue reacting to the news from each other. Pay
attention to the intonation.
– You found out that one of your classmates bullied a boy from a junior
school. Discuss the situation with your friend.
– You have decided to join a volunteer group. Tell about it to your friend.
Discuss the reasons.
– You are invited to participate in an international Anti-Bulling Volunteer
Youth Project. You can invite one more friend with you.
_________________________________________________________________
Project work
Do you think volunteering movement is popular in Russia now? Is Russia
interesting for foreign volunteers? Find some volunteering projects for
Youth in Russia and make a short presentation. You can visit
https://dobro.ru/ or find any other sites.
Phrases for Responding to Good News
Phrases for Responding to Bad News
87
EXTRA TEXTS AND VIDEOS ON DIFFERENT ASPECTS
OF EVERYDAY CULTURE
Reading: Manners and Etiquette.
1. Think about examples of good and bad
manners in Russia when:
– you come to visit someone;
– you meet someone for the first time;
– you are sharing a meal with others.
2. Read the text and check what manners
considered to be good and bad in
England. Are there any of the ideas you
have mentioned?
Good Manners Abroad and at Home.
When abroad, study and respect local customs. If you are in a foreign
country and know only one foreign word, use it. If not, learn one! People will
appreciate your trying to speak their language. It is a sure road to friendship.
When you are in a foreign country, do not forget that your behaviour will
be considered typical of that of your native land. Good manners will be
appreciated the world over, so do not fail to be polite, courteous and wellmannered.
Be neat and tidy in your clothes. Don't go about in dirty footwear. Don't
sit, stand or walk with hands in your pockets. Don't eat fruit, ice-cream or
anything else in the street, in the shop or in public transport.
No matter where you are, loud laughter and talking are signs of bad
manners.
Always come in time. Punctuality is essential when keeping an
appointment whether you are meeting friends for a drink or whether you are
having a business talk.
When an English businessman expects you to come to a business talk or a
conference, be punctual. He will be surprised if you come fifteen minutes before
your time and annoyed if you are five minutes late. Avoid getting into the habit
Cross-Cultural Communication: Overcoming the Differences
88
of arriving everywhere late. If you can arrive regularly late, you might just-as
easily arrive regularly on time.
“Thank you” is, perhaps, the most important phrase in English. The same
is true to other cultures, though the notion of "good manners" differs from
country to country. What is accepted as a cultural standard in one society might
be regarded as an unacceptable behavior in another. As the English say: “Every
country has its customs”.
Some tips you should know
• It is normal to shake hands in Britain when you meet someone for the
first time. It is not usual to kiss.
• It is not necessary to arrive with a present if you are a paying guest in a
British home. On the other hand, your host family will be very impressed if you
do!
• Use your host family's first names only if they encourage you to.
• "How are you?" is not a question about your health, but part of the
greeting. You shouldn't reply: "I've got a headache" or "I feel bad". If you wish
you will say it later in the conversation, but not when you are greeting a person.
When you answer the question "How are you", it's polite not only to say "Fine"
or "Very well", but to ask in your return "And how are you?" or simply "And
you?" Reply: Thank you.
Congratulations is used when someone has got engaged, got married,
passed an examination, passed a driving test, got promotion, had a baby.
Congratulations is also used when someone is celebrating a special birthday. The
most important birthdays for British people are 18, 21, 70, 80 etc. Special
wedding anniversaries are 25th (Silver) and 50th (Golden).
• If you are sitting in British home and you want to leave the room for
any reason, your host will expect you to say where you are going - even if it is
obvious. If you leave the room without explaining, people think you are ill or
upset for some reason. If you listen to your host family, you will almost certainly
notice that they always say where they are going when they leave the room even if they don't know they do it! Here are some of the things you may want to
say: Would you excuse me, I think I'd better go and do my work.
Pubs in Britain are not the same as pubs in your country. They are not
cafes. If you are with a British friend who buys you a drink, you should offer to
buy the next one. It is unusual for each person in a group to order his/her own
drink individually. It is more common for one person to order for everyone.
Extra texts & videos about Everyday Culture
89
It is very important at the end of an evening, that you do not just stand up
and announce that you are leaving. If you do that, your host will think that there
is something wrong - perhaps he has upset you. British people usually say at
least twice that they are going to leave. There is usually ten minutes - or longer between the two. You can say any of the following: I'll have to be going. I must
be going soon. I really must go.
It's common knowledge that in the British culture it is inappropriate to
give one's opinion in a categorical manner. The art of discussion is based on
several main skills, namely, making suggestions, giving opinions, agreeing,
disagreeing, expressing doubt, enthusiasm.
It's quite difficult to express an opinion immediately. Most people - both
native speakers and those who learn English - hesitate a lot during a
conversation. The worst way to hesitate is with silence. Silence destroys
communication. People might think you either don't understand them, or aren't
interested in what they are saying, or are just impolite.
Sometimes we have to interrupt people when they are speaking. It's
important to do it politely not to offend the speakers. If you break in at the wrong
time, you may be considered aggressive. The end of the silence seems to be the
right place to break in.
Fundamentally the basis of good manners is consideration for others, but
all civilized societies have added to their basic rule various forms of social
observances which are expressed by word and behaviour. Different societies
have their own expectations of behaviour and their own attitudes towards a
whole range of things, such as a family, work, leisure, etc.
It seems important that every person realizes that there is not one fixed or
correct way of doing things, but that there are many equally different and valid
ways of living. Visitors to a country should develop understanding and respect
for the target culture. They need to become good observers, sensitive to
linguistic and non-linguistic behavior of native-speakers in order to avoid crosscultural misunderstandings. The best way to behave in a country you are visiting
is to follow the English proverb: “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”.
1. Read the text one more time. Answer the questions.
1. How can you impress foreigners in their country?
2. Does the appearance matter in showing good manners?
3. What is essential to remember when you have a meeting with English
people?
Cross-Cultural Communication: Overcoming the Differences
90
4. What is one of the most important English phrases?
5. What should people answer the question “How are you”?
6. What are the occasions to congratulate people with?
7. What should you remember of you visit someone at home?
8. How do people behave in English pubs?
9. What skills are needed for having a discussion in English?
10. Should people behave in a way they got used in their homeland or they
have to adjust their behavior to the local reality?
2. Discuss with a partner. What things about British manners do you find
unusual and quite different from Russian culture? Are there more in common
between Russian and British manners or different?
3. Read the following statements. Discuss in pairs and place them into the
correct column: it is OK/ not OK to do in England.
Avoid asking about personal matters; keep a balance on how direct you are;
introduce difficult topics bluntly; bragging and boasting; control your anger or
emotions; making an attempt to hurry someone up or disrupt the established
order; minimise confrontation; use humour to criticise or ridicule something;
take jokes too seriously or literally; talk about something less personal.
DO’s DONT’s
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