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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5535_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
1366
Medical Laboratory Technology: Volume 3
Substance Determined Drugs Causing Increased Values
False Positives
Lupus erythematosus or antinuclear
antibodies
Prothrombin time ACTH Antihistamines
Acetazolamide Penicillin
Aminosalicylic acid Phenylbutazone
Birth control pills Phenytoin sodium
Chlorothiazide
Chlorprothixene Procainamide
Griseofulvin Streptomycin
Hydralazine Sulphonamides
Isoniazid Tetracyclines
Methyldopa Thiouracil trimethadione
Alcohol (large quantities) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Aluminium nicotinate 50%
decreased
Amidopyrine
Aminosalicylic acid (PAS) Chloral hydrate
Anabolic steroids Digitalis (in cardiac failure)
Antibiotics
Anticoagulants (oral) Glutethimide
Benziodarones Griseolfulvin
Carbenicillin (high doses with renal
failure)
Cathartics Progestinestrogen
Clordiazepoxide (Librium)*
Cloramphenicol (Chloromycetin) Proteolytic enzymes*(e.g.
Chlorpromazine*
Cholestyramine
Clofibrate
Diphenidol Rifampin
Diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin) Theophylline (xanthines may
Drugs Causing Decreased
Values False Negatives
Barbiturates (enzyme
induction)
Corticosteroids
Lipomul (oil injection)*
Metaproterenol*
combinations (oral
contraceptives)
papase, ananase)
increase plasma prothrombin
and factor V, but therapeutic
doses have small effect
on the response to oral
anticoagulants)
Contd.
Appendices
1367
Substance Determined Drugs Causing Increased Values
False Positives
Edathamil
Heparin
Hydroxyzine
Indomethacin (Indocin)
Iothiouracil
Kanamycin
Lipomul (oil injection)*
Mefenamic acid (Ponstel) Thiothixene
Metandienone
Metaproterenol*
Methimazole
Methyldopa (Aldomet) effect on
liver
Methylthiouracil
Mineral oil
Mithramycin
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Morphine
Naloxone
Neomycin
Oxyphenbutazone
Penicillin
Phenylbutazone
Phenyramidol
Phosphorus
Propylthiouracil
Proteolytic enzymes*
(e.g., papase, ananase)
Pyrazinamide
Quinidine
Quinine
Reserpine
Salicylates
Streptomycin
Sulphonamides (Sulphameter)
Tetracyclines
Thyroid hormones
Drugs Causing Decreased
Values False Negatives
Vitamin K
Contd.
1368
Medical Laboratory Technology: Volume 3
Substance Determined Drugs Causing Increased Values
False Positives
D-thyroxine (Choloxin)
Vitamin A
Sedimentation rate; erythrocyte
sedimentation rate (ESR)
Thrombocytes (platelets) Aspirin Acetazolamide
Dextran Drugs that cause a high blood
Methyldopa
Methysergide
Penicillamine
Procainamide
Progestin-estrogen combination
(oral contraceptives)
Theophylline
Trifluperidol
Vitamin A
Drugs Causing Decreased
Values False Negatives
glucose level (cortisone and
ACTH)
Quinine
Salicylates
Acetohexamide
Aminosalicylic acid
Amphotericin B
Antazoline
Antimon compounds
Antineoplastic agents
Azathioprine
BuSulphan (Myleran; large
doses)
Chlorambucil
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Flurouracil
Floxuridine
Mechlorethamine
Mithramycin
Hydroxyurea
Arsenicals
Benzene
Bismuth
BuSulphan
Carbamazepine
Cardiotonic glycosides
Chloramphenicol
Contd.
Appendices
1369
Substance Determined Drugs Causing Increased Values
False Positives
Thrombocytes, platelets continued Gold salts
Lincomycin
Lipomul (oil injection)
Mefenamic acid
Mepazine
Mephenytoin
Meprobamate
Methazolamide
Methimazole
Methotrexate
Methyldopa (Aldomet)
Novobiocin
Oxyphenbutazone
Penicillamine
Penicillins
Phenindione (indane derivative)
Phenothiazines
Phenylbutazone
Potassium perchlorate
Prednisone
Procainamide
Propranolol
Propynol-cyclohexanol carbamate
Drugs Causing Decreased
Values False Negatives
Chloroquine
Chlorothiazide
Chlorpropamide
Chlorthalidone
Colchicine
DDT
Diazoxide
Dipyrone
Ethacrynic acid
Ethoxazolamide
Diethylstilbestrol
Diphenylhydantoin
Gentamicin
Heparin
Iothiouracil sodium
Contd.
1370
Medical Laboratory Technology: Volume 3
Substance Determined Drugs Causing Increased Values
False Positives
Pyrazinamide
Pyrimethamine
Quinidine Sulphate
Quinine
Rifampin
Ristocetin A & B
Salicylates
Smallpox vaccine
Sulphonamides
Sulphadimethoxine
Sulphameter
Thrombocytes, Platelets continued Sulphamethoxy-pyridazine
Sulphisoxazole
Sulphonyl ureas (oral hypoglycemic
agents)
Sulphamethoxazole
Thiazide diuretic (rare)
Thiourea
Tolbutamide
Toluene diisocyanate
Drugs Causing Decreased
Values False Negatives
Drugs Affecting cerebrospinAl fluiD stuDies
Substance Determined Drugs Causing Increased Values
False Positives
Proteins Aminosalicylates Albumin
Aminosalicylic acid Acetophenetidin
Anaesthetics (local), contaminant Cytarabine
Aspirin
Chloramphenicol
Chlorpromazine
Epinephrine
Lidocaine
Methotrexate
Penicillin
Phenacetin
Phenothiazines
Procaine
Drugs Causing Decreased
Values False Negatives
Contd.
Appendices
1371
Substance Determined Drugs Causing Increased Values
False Positives
Salicylates
Streptomycin
Sulphadiazine
Sulphanilamide
Sulfisoxazole
Tetracycline
Tolbutamide
Tryptophan
Drugs Causing Decreased
Values False Negatives
Appendix J
AnAlyte stABilities
Maximum permissible transport and storage times for analytes in blood (serum, plasma) and
cerebrospinal uid.
clinicAl chemistry, serum, plAsmA AnD blooD
Analyte Stability
in blood
at room
temperature
and tendency
of change
thereafter
Acid phosphatase,
prostatic. immunol
Adreno cortico tropic
hormone (ACTH)
Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT.
ALT)
Albumin 6 d 3 m 3 m 3 m
Aldosterone 1 d 4 4 d 4 d 4 d EDTA Not applicable
Alkaline phosphatase total bone
Aluminium Days 1 yr 2 w 1 w
Ammonia 15 min in
α-Amylase (AMYL)
total pancreatic
Androstendione 1 d ↓ 1 yr 4 d 1 d
Antisreptolysin ? ? 2 d 2 d
α1-Antitrypsin ? 3 m 3 m 7 d Heparin
Apolipoprotein A-l ? 3 d 1 d Do not freeze
Apolipoprotein B ?
1 h,
unstable ↓
Unstable↓,
stabilise in
apro tinin/
EDTA plus
mercaptoethanol
4 d 4 2 d 7 d 3 d
4 d 4
4 d
EDTA,
Heparin ↑
4 d 4
7 d 4
Stability in serum/plasma Stabiliser Comments
–20°C 4–8°C 20–25°C
Without stabiliser
1 d 8 h 2 h
Stabilised to pH 4–5
4 m 8 d 8 d
6 w ? ? Aprotinin
2 m
2 m
3 w 2 h 15 min Serine
Stabilised by serine and borate
1 yr
1 yr
7 d
7 d
7 d
7 d
3 d 1 d Do not freeze
7 d 7 d
7 d
7 d
5 mg
NaHSO4/ ml
serum or 20 µl
10% acetic
acid/ml serum
400 kU/ml
merca ptoethanol 2 µl/ml
5 mmol/1 and
borate
2 mmol/1
plasma recommen ded
Serum >
plasma add
stabiliser afterseparation of
serum
to outpatients
Easily
contaminated
by sweat
ammonia
EDTA and
citrate 4
Contd.
Appendices
1373
Analyte Stability
in blood
at room
temperature
and tendency
of change
thereafter
Aspartate
Aminotransferase
(ASAT, AST)
Bicarbonate Unstable (+
Bilirubin,
conjugated total
C-peptide ? 4 w d h
C-reactive protein
(CRP)
C3 complement 1 h 8 d 8 d 4 d Dependent
C4 complement 1 h ? 2 d 2 d
CA 125 ? 3 m 5 d 3 d
CA 15–3 ? 3 m 5 d ?
CA 19–9 ?
CA 72–4 ?
Cadmium
Calcitonin 1h, stabilised
Calcium, total 2 d 4 8 m 3 w 7 d
Calcium. ionised
(actual)
Carbohydratedeficient transferin
(CDT)
7 d4 2 w 7 d 4 d
4°C, 30 min)
7 d in dark ↓
7 d in dark ↓
?
1 d in trace
element tube
with aprotinin
(400 kU/ml)
l5 min ↑ 2 h Use Ca-
?
/
Stability in serum/plasma Stabiliser Comments
–20°C 4–8°C 20–25°C
6 m 7 d 1 d Keep closed 1 h after
opening the
tube
6 m
6 m
3 yr 8 d 3 d
3 m 5 d ?
3 m 7 d ?
? ? ? Special tube Released from
? ? ? Aprotinin
yrs 7 d ?
7 d
7 d
2 d
1 d
Darkness
required when
stored > 8 h
400 kU/ml
titrated
heparin; keep
light
on antibody
during storage
C3C increases
–C3 decreases
red stopper
pH-dependent
whole blood
reco mmen ded
only. Stable
in gel tubes as
primary tubes
for 8 h after
centri fugation
Contd.
1374
Medical Laboratory Technology: Volume 3
Analyte Stability
in blood
at room
temperature
and tendency
of change
thereafter
Carcinoembryonic
antigen (CEA)
Catecholamines
Noradrenaline
Adrenaline
Dopamine
Chloride 1 d ↓ yrs 7 d 7 d
Cholesterol, total 7 d ↑ 3 m 7 d 7 d
HDL- 2 d ↑ 3 m 7 d 2 d
LDL- 1 d ↑ 3 m 7 d 1 d
Cholinesterase
(CHE)
Coeruloplasmin ? 3 m 2 w 8 d
Copper 7 d yrs 2 w 2 w Special tube Contami nation
Corticotropin See ACTH
Cortisol
Creatine kinase
(CK) total
MB (CK-MB)
Creatinine 3 d ↑ 3 m 7 d 7 d Also
CYFRA 21–1 ?
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate
(DHEA-S)
Electrophoresis.
Protein-Erythropoietin
Estradiol
Estriol ? 1 yr 2 d 1 d
Ethanol 2 w ? 6 m 2 w EDTA/
?
1 h if not
stabilised
7 d ↓ 3 m 17 d 17 d
7 d 3 m 7 d 7 d
7 d 4 4 w
7 d 4 4 w
2 d 4 yrs 2 w 1 d
?
?
1 d 1 yr 3 d 1 d
Stability in serum/plasma Stabiliser Comments
–20°C 4–8°C 20–25°C
6 m 7 d 1 d
4 w 2 d 1 d Glutathione
+ EDTA,
6 m if stabilised
7 d 2 d Darkness CK-BB not
in dark
7 d 2 d SH reagent Including
in dark
6 m 4 w 2 d
3 w?3 d 1 d
2 w
1.2 mg/ml
Heparin
Special tube
necessary
EDTA plasma
separated
within 15 min
and frozen at
–20°C
stable without
stabiliser
immuno assays
enzymatic
procedure
Shipped
frozen
Evaporation,
closed tubes
Contd.
Appendices
1375
Analyte Stability
in blood
at room
temperature
and tendency
of change
thereafter
Fatty acids, free 30 min ↑ 2 d 12 30 min Freeze serum
Ferritin ? 1 yr 7 d 7 d
α-Fetoprotein
(AFP)
Folic acid 30 min ↓ add
Follitropin (FSH) 7 d 1 yr 2 w 2 w
Free thyroxine
(FT4)?
Free
triiodothyronine
(FT3)
Fructosamine 12 h↑ 2 m 2 w 3 d
Gastrin possible 2 h ? ? 1 w Serum frozen
Glucose, blood
(capillary)
Glucose, plasma
(venous)
Glutamate
dehydrogenase
Glutamate
oxaloacetic
transaminase (GOT)
Glutamate pyruvate
transaminase (GPT)
γ-Glutamyl)
transferase (γ-GT.
GGT)
Glycated albumin ? ? ? ? See
Growth hormone
(STH, somatotropin)
? 3 m 3 d 3 d
ascorbate
3 m 8 d 2 d
? 3 m 2 w 1 d
10 min Hemolysate stabilised Hemolysate
10 min appropriate 7 d with
glycolysis
inhibitor
? 2 w 7 d 7 d
1 d yrs 7 d 7 d
1 d 3 m 8 d 1 d Separate
Stability in serum/plasma Stabiliser Comments
–20°C 4–8°C 20–25°C
immediately
8 w 6 h 30 min Ascorbate
20 µg/ml
? 2 d 2 d
Stabilised Fluoride,
1d 7 d 1 d
mono iodoacetate,
mannose
Light 4
as soon as
Loss by nonenzymatic
glycation
(protein
matrix)
See ASAT
(AST)
See ALAT
(ALT)
fructosamine
serum
immediately
Contd.