Tracheostomy stenosis is an event with a variable incidence in the literature, and is reported in the main series available as occurring in 4–42% of laryngectomized patients [27]. Because total laryngectomy is indicated primarily for patients with locally advanced tumors, most of these patients will undergo adjuvant radiotherapy, and this may have some role in the genesis of future stenosis. In a series published by the University of Hong Kong, with 207 laryngectomized patients, tracheostomy ste­nosis was described in 13% of the cases and the only independent determinants for the development of tracheostomy stenosis were female sex and tracheostomy infection. Seventeen percent of patients irradiated postoperatively presented with tracheostomy stenosis, although the use of adjuvant radiotherapy was not considered a determining factor for this occurrence in the statistical analysis [28]. In another publication from West Virginia University Hospitals [29], 106 laryngectomized patients with a stenosis rate of 28.4% were included. Again, female sex was a determinant of its occurrence, being, in this study, the only predisposing factor with statistical signicance. Infection at the stoma site, the presence of a stula, use of steroids, neck dissection, use of a myocutaneous ap, and radiotherapy were not correlated with an increase in the inci­dence of stenosis [29]. A more recent publication from the University of Rome, with 85 patients, reported a 35% incidence of tracheostomy stenosis and identied, on univariate and multivariate analysis, diabetes mellitus and local infection as the only predictors in laryngectomized patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy [27].