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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5851_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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- •Foreword
- •Foreword
- •Foreword
- •Contents of Volume I
- •Contents of Volume II
- •Contributors
- •1.1 Introduction
- •1.4.3 Acute Stroke
- •1.4.4 CNS Infection
- •1.4.1 Sepsis
- •1.4.2 Acute Encephalopathy
- •1.4.5 Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia
- •1.4.6 Nosocomial Pneumonia
- •1.4.7 Pulmonary Edema
- •1.4.8 Fever
- •References
- •2.1 Introduction
- •2.4 ECG Nomenclature
- •2.4.1 P Wave
- •2.4.2 PR Interval
- •2.4.3 QRS Complex
- •2.4.4 J Point
- •2.4.5 ST Segment
- •2.4.6 T Wave
- •2.4.7 QT Interval
- •2.4.8 U Wave
- •2.4.9 RR Interval
- •2.5.1 P Wave
- •2.5.1.1 Atrial Arrhythmias
- •Atrial Fibrillation
- •Atrial Flutter
- •Atrial Tachycardia
- •Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia
- •2.5.1.2 Interatrial Blocks
- •Intermittent Interatrial Block (I-IAB)
- •Advanced Interatrial Block (A-IAB)
- •2.5.2 P-QRS Ratio
- •2.5.2.1 Shortened P-QRS Ratio
- •Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW)
- •Junctional Rhythm
- •Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia (AVNRT)
- •2.5.2.3 Prolonged P-QRS Ratio
- •2.5.3 PR Interval
- •2.5.3.1 Shortened PR Interval
- •2.5.3.2 Prolonged PR Interval
- •2.5.3.3 Second-Degree AV Block
- •Advanced AV Block
- •Third-Degree AV Block (Complete Heart Block)
- •2.5.4 PR Segment
- •2.5.4.1 PR-Segment Elevation
- •2.5.4.2 PR-Segment Depression
- •Acute Pericarditis
- •Acute Myocardial Ischemia
- •2.5.5 Q Waves
- •2.5.6 QRS Complex
- •2.5.6.1 Heart Rate
- •2.5.7 QT Interval
- •2.5.8 ST Segment
- •2.5.8.1 ST-Segment Depression
- •2.5.8.2 ST-Segment Elevation
- •2.5.9 T Waves
- •2.5.9.1 Inverted T Wave
- •2.5.9.2 Flattened T Wave
- •2.5.9.3 Peaked T Wave
- •References
- •Further Reading
- •3.1 Introduction
- •3.2.2 Nasogastric Tube
- •3.2.3 Central Venous Catheters
- •3.2.4 Cardiac Devices
- •3.2.5 Arterial Catheters
- •3.3 Cardiopulmonary Abnormalities
- •3.3.1 Pulmonary Edema
- •3.3.2 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- •3.3.3 Atelectasis
- •3.3.4 Aspiration
- •3.3.5 Pneumonia
- •References
- •4.1 Introduction
- •4.5 Modes of Mechanical Ventilation
- •4.5.1 Volume Control Ventilation
- •4.5.2 Pressure Control Ventilation
- •4.5.3 Pressure Support Ventilation
- •4.6 Patient-Ventilator Interactions
- •4.6.1 Trigger Dyssynchrony
- •4.6.2 Flow Dyssynchrony
- •4.6.3 Cycle Dyssynchrony
- •4.9.1 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- •4.9.2 Severe Asthma Exacerbation
- •4.11 Summary
- •5.10 Neuromuscular Blockade
- •References
- •5.1 Introduction
- •5.3 Pathobiology
- •5.4 ARDS Phenotypes
- •5.5 Lung-Protective Ventilation
- •5.6 Positive End-Expiratory Pressure
- •5.7 Conservative Fluid Management
- •5.8 Moderate-to-Severe ARDS
- •5.9 Prone Positioning
- •5.11 Corticosteroids
- •5.12 Inhaled Pulmonary Vasodilators
- •5.13 Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
- •5.14 Survivorship
- •References
- •6.1 Introduction/Epidemiology
- •6.2 Physiology
- •6.2.2 Physiology During COPD Exacerbation
- •6.4 Pharmacologic Treatment
- •6.4.1 Bronchodilators
- •6.4.1.1 Mechanism
- •6.4.2 Glucocorticoid Therapy
- •6.4.2.1 Mechanism
- •6.4.2.4 Duration
- •6.4.3 Antimicrobials
- •6.4.3.1 Antibiotic Patient Selection
- •6.4.4.1 Nonpharmacologic Interventions
- •6.4.4.2 Opioids
- •6.4.4.3 Benzodiazepines
- •6.4.4.4 Dexmedetomidine
- •6.4.4.5 Ketamine
- •6.4.5 Adjunctive Therapies
- •6.4.5.1 Magnesium
- •6.4.5.3 Vitamin D
- •6.4.5.4 Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis
- •6.4.5.5 Smoking Cessation
- •6.4.5.6 Bowel Regimen
- •6.4.5.7 Mucolytics
- •6.4.5.8 Nutrition
- •6.4.5.9 Post-Discharge Adjuncts
- •6.5 ICU-Level Interventions
- •6.5.1 Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation
- •6.5.2 High-Flow Nasal Canula
- •6.5.3 Invasive Mechanical Ventilation
- •6.6 Conclusion
- •References
- •7.1 Introduction
- •7.1.1 What Is Asthma?
- •7.2 Diagnosis
- •7.2.1 Physical Examination
- •7.2.2 Laboratory Data
- •7.2.3 Radiographic Findings
- •7.3.1 Standard-of-Care Therapy
- •7.3.3 Potential Adjunctive Therapies
- •7.3.3.1 Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICSs)
- •7.3.3.4 Intravenous (IV) Aminophylline
- •7.3.3.5 Intravenous (IV) Beta2-Agonists
- •7.3.3.6 Leukotriene Antagonists (LTRAs)
- •7.3.3.7 Intramuscular (IM) or IV Epinephrine
- •7.3.3.8 Inhaled Anesthetics
- •7.3.3.9 Inhaled Helium-Oxygen (Heliox)
- •7.3.3.10 Intravenous Ketamine
- •7.3.4.1 Subcutaneous (SC) Biologics
- •7.4.1 Noninvasive Ventilation (NIV)
- •7.4.2 Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (IMV)
- •7.6.1 Outpatient Follow-Up
- •7.7 Summary
- •References
- •8.1 Introduction
- •8.1.3.2 Anatomic Location
- •8.1.3.3 Chronicity
- •8.1.4 Clinical Presentation
- •8.1.4.1 Symptoms
- •8.1.4.2 Physician Examination
- •8.1.4.3 Cardiopulmonary Compromise
- •8.2.1.1 Clinical Pretest/Scores
- •8.2.1.2 D-Dimer-Level Interpretations
- •8.2.2 Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA)
- •8.2.3 Mortality Risk Assessment
- •8.2.3.1 PE Severity Index Score
- •8.2.3.2 Prognostic Indicators
- •8.3.2 High-Risk PE
- •8.4 Systemic Thrombolytic Therapy
- •8.4.1.1 High-Risk PE
- •8.4.1.2 Intermediate-Risk PE
- •8.4.1.3 Cardiac Arrest
- •8.5.2 Percutaneous Mechanical Interventions
- •8.5.2.2 Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis
- •8.5.3 Surgical Embolectomy
- •8.5.4 Mechanical Circulatory Support
- •8.6.1 PE Response Team (PERT)
- •8.6.3.1 Renal Dysfunction
- •8.6.3.4 Cancer
- •8.6.3.5 Treatment Failure
- •8.7 Conclusion
- •References
- •9.1.2 ECMO Outcomes
- •9.2 ECMO During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (eCPR)
- •9.2.1 Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal
- •9.3 ECMO Management
- •9.3.3 Fluid Management
- •9.4.1 Coagulation Changes
- •9.4.2 Transfusion Thresholds
- •9.4.3.1 Heparin
- •9.4.3.2 Direct Thrombin Inhibitors
- •9.4.4 Monitoring Anticoagulation
- •9.6.2.1 Opioids
- •9.6.2.2 Ketamine
- •9.6.2.3 Propofol
- •9.6.2.4 Benzodiazepines
- •9.6.2.5 Dexmedetomidine
- •9.7.1 Aminoglycosides
- •9.7.2 Beta-Lactams
- •9.7.4 Antifungals
- •9.9 Other Complications
- •9.9.1 Bleeding
- •9.9.2 Thrombosis
- •9.9.3 Neurologic
- •9.10 Conclusion
- •References
- •10.1 Type 1–5 Myocardial Infarctions
- •10.2 Acute Coronary Syndrome (Type 1 MI)
- •10.3 Clinical Presentation/Evaluation
- •10.4 Non-pharmacologic Therapy
- •10.5 Pharmacologic Therapy
- •10.5.1 Fibrinolytics
- •10.5.2 Anticoagulants
- •10.5.2.1 Heparins
- •10.5.2.2 Direct Thrombin Inhibitors
- •10.5.3 Antiplatelets
- •10.5.3.1 Aspirin
- •10.5.3.2 P2Y12 Inhibitors
- •Clopidogrel
- •Prasugrel
- •Ticagrelor
- •10.5.3.3 Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Inhibitors
- •10.5.3.4 Cangrelor
- •10.7 Long-Term Management
- •10.7.1 High Bleed Risk (HBR)
- •10.7.2 Statins
- •10.7.3 Beta-Blockers
- •10.7.5 Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists
- •References
- •11.1 Introduction
- •11.2.2 What is Ejection Fraction?
- •11.4 Understanding Blood Pressure
- •11.5 Preload vs. Afterload
- •11.6 Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
- •11.6.2 Etiology
- •11.8 Treating Volume Overload
- •11.8.1 Loop Diuretics
- •11.9 Intravenous Vasodilators
- •11.10 Cardiogenic Shock
- •11.10.1 Inotrope Clinical Pearl
- •11.12 Digoxin
- •11.12.3 Loading Dose
- •11.12.4 Maintenance Dosing
- •11.12.5 Monitoring
- •11.12.7 Distribution
- •11.12.8 Drug-Drug Interactions
- •11.12.9 Digoxin Toxicity
- •11.13 ADHF Clinical Pearls
- •11.13.3 Avoid Phenylephrine
- •11.13.4 Use Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
- •11.14 Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy
- •11.15 Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis
- •11.16 Conclusion
- •References
- •12.1 Introduction
- •12.3 Diagnostic Findings
- •12.4.1 Oxygen Therapy
- •12.4.2 Pharmacological Management
- •12.4.3 Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS)
- •12.5 Pulmonary Hypertension
- •12.6 The Pharmacist’s Role
- •12.7 Conclusion
- •References
- •13.1 Introduction
- •13.2 Atrial Arrhythmias
- •13.2.2 Atrioventricular Blocks
- •13.2.3 Atrial Fibrillation
- •13.2.3.2 Anticoagulation
- •13.2.3.3 Rate vs. Rhythm Control
- •13.2.4 Atrial Flutter
- •13.2.5 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
- •13.3 Ventricular Arrhythmias
- •13.3.1 Premature Ventricular Complexes
- •13.3.2 Ventricular Tachycardia
- •13.3.2.1 Torsades de Pointes
- •13.3.3 Ventricular Fibrillation
- •13.3.4 Ventricular Arrhythmia Treatment Strategies
- •13.3.4.1 ICD Implantation
- •13.3.4.2 Pharmacologic Treatments
- •13.3.4.3 Catheter Ablation
- •13.4 Conclusion
- •References
- •14.1 Introduction
- •14.3.2 Laboratory Assessment
- •14.3.3 Imaging
- •14.3.4 Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring
- •14.4.1 Distributive
- •14.4.2 Cardiogenic
- •14.4.3 Hypovolemic
- •14.4.4 Obstructive
- •14.5 Management
- •14.6 Conclusion
- •References
- •15.1 Background
- •15.2 Diagnosis
- •15.3 Management
- •References
- •16.1 Introduction
- •16.3 Hemodynamics
- •16.5 Pharmacological Management
- •16.5.1 Hyperosmolar Therapy
- •16.5.3 Barbiturate Coma
- •16.6 Nonpharmacological Treatments
- •16.6.2 Temperature Management
- •16.6.3 Prophylactic Hypothermia
- •16.7 Adjunct Therapies
- •16.7.2 Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis
- •16.7.3 Antibiotic Prophylaxis
- •16.7.4 Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis (SUP)
- •16.7.5 Tranexamic Acid
- •16.7.6 Glucose Targets
- •16.7.7 Steroids
- •16.8 Complications
- •16.8.1 Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity
- •16.8.3 Central Fever
- •16.8.4.1 Diabetes Insipidus
- •16.8.4.3 Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome
- •16.9 Conclusion
- •References
- •17.1 Introductory Case
- •17.2 Introduction
- •17.4 Pathophysiology
- •17.5 Acute Therapies
- •17.5.1 Thrombolytic Therapy
- •17.5.2 Thrombectomy
- •17.5.3 Blood Pressure Management
- •17.5.4 Acute Anticoagulation
- •17.5.5 Antiplatelet Therapy
- •17.6 Early Complications
- •17.6.1 Hemorrhagic Conversion
- •17.6.2 Angioedema
- •17.6.3 Malignant Cerebral Edema
- •17.7 Secondary Prevention
- •References
- •18.1 Introduction
- •18.4 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
- •18.5 Adverse Drug Effects
- •18.7 Anti-seizure Medications
- •18.7.1 Available Parenteral Preparations
- •18.7.1.1 Benzodiazepines: GABAA Receptor Activation
- •18.7.1.2 Other GABAergic Therapies
- •Barbiturates: GABAergic
- •Phenobarbital
- •Pentobarbital Infusion
- •Propofol Infusion: GABAergic
- •18.7.1.3 Second-Line Non-anesthetic ASMs
- •Levetiracetam: Synaptic Vesicle Protein 2A Binding

Contents of Volume I
Part I Clinical and Diagnostic Approach
1 Approach to Clinical Reasoning in Critical Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Yasir Alzaidi
2 Approach to ECG Interpretation in Critical Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Miguel H. Vicco, Danilo Weir Restrepo, Shyla Gupta,
Juan M. Farina, Leandro Luis Pozzer, Fernanda Tavares-Da-Silva,
Sebastián Garcia-Zamora, Alejandro Narváez Orozco,
Andres F. Miranda-Arboleda, and Adrián Baranchuk
3 The Role of Chest Radiography in the Critical Care Unit . . . . . . . . 65
Fabio Macori
Part II Pulmonary Critical Care
4 The Basics of Mechanical Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Tyler Peck and Richard M. Schwartzstein
5 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Lingye Chen and Bryan D. Kraft
6 Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Laura C. McNamara, Alyse Reichheld, and Camille R. Petri
7 Acute Asthma Exacerbation in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . 153
Kevin G. Correa and Lauren E. Eggert
8 Acute Pulmonary Embolism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Soyoung Kristi Kim and Lauren A. Igneri
9 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Stephanie Davis, Alana Ciolek, and Atul Dilawri
xi

xii
Contents of Volume I
Part III Cardiovascular Critical Care
10 Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Nicholas Barker, Dusty Lisi, and Adele Robbins
11 Acute Decompensated Heart Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Caitlin E. Kulig
12 Right Ventricular Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension
in the ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Ada Selina Jutba
13 Cardiac Arrhythmias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
GwangYee J. Hu and Cavan O’Kane
14 Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
Lucas R. Goss, Annette Esper, and Seema S. Tekwani
15 Cardiac Arrest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
Alyson M. Esteves
Part IV Neurocritical Care
16 Traumatic Brain Injury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
Lesly V. Jurado Hernández and Teresa A. Allison
17 Acute Ischemic Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
Brooke Barlow, Andrew J. Webb, and Karen Berger
18 Status Epilepticus and Refractory Status Epilepticus . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
Morgan Trammel, Cina Sasannejad, Beverly Tomita,
and Cherylee W. J. Chang
19 Delirium in the ICU: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis
and Management
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511
Neil Glassford, Robert Olver, and Yahya Shehabi
Part V Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Critical Care
20 Acute Pancreatitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557
Kaitlin M. Alexander and Bethany R. Shoulders
21 Acute Liver Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571
Sajjadh M. J. Ali and Sanjiv Chopra
22 Decompensated Cirrhosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
Mauro Bernardi and Giacomo Zaccherini
23 Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Adults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613
Alicia H. Muratore and Lisa M. Gangarosa

Contents of Volume I
xiii
24 Abdominal Compartment Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625
Poornima Lakshmi Tamma, Yuhamy Curbelo-Pena,
Emaad J. Iqbal, Mona K. Patel, and Beth Hochman
25 Critical Care of the Abdominal Surgery Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639
Malerie Pratt, Grace Lee, Alex Panuccio, Aulina Chowdhury,
and Kristin Madenci
Part VI Critical Care Nephrology
26 Acute Kidney Injury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657
Andrea M. Nei, Nikitha Yagnala, Hailey A. Thompson,
Brandy N. Hernandez, and Erin F. Barreto
27 Acid-Base Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683
Haven Nisly, Elias H. Pratt, and Craig R. Rackley
28 Renal Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . 699
Fiorenza Ferrari, Giovanna Landi, Claudio Ronco,
Alberto Zanella, and Giacomo Grasselli

Contents of Volume II
Part VII Critical Care Infectious Diseases
29 Common Infections in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713
Ahmed A. Mahmoud, Hala Halawi, Mahmoud M. Sabawi,
and Max W. Adelman
30 Severe Infections Early After Solid-Organ Transplantation . . . . . . . 779
Francisco Machiavello Roman, Maricar Malinis,
and Fionna Feller
31 Pulmonary Infections in People with HIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793
Megan Grammatico, Sheela V. Shenoi, Steven M. Lemieux,
and Kathleen M. Akgün
32 Invasive Fungal Infections in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . 821
Jonathan Friedman, Andrej Spec, and Patrick Mazi
Part VIII Specic Emergencies in Critical Care
33 Hypertensive Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837
Andrew Posen and Scott Benken
34 Diabetes Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 857
Mehrnaz Sadrolashra
35 Oncologic Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 869
Christopher Bell, Ryan Chaffee, Uvette Lou, Samantha Luk,
and Erica Tavares
36 Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 913
Adrian Wong
37 Management of Drug Overdose and Intoxications
in the ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931
Lauren R. Calnan and Jennifer A. Gass
xv

xvi
Contents of Volume II
Part IX Specic Populations in Critical Care
38 The Management of Critical Illness in Obstetric Patients . . . . . . . . 987
Kayla Popova
39 Critical Care of the Burn Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1023
Zachary Drabick
40 Management of the Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1047
Sarah Bova, Chelsey Song, and Heather Johnson
41 Pharmacotherapy of Trauma and the Role of the Pharmacist . . . . . 1063
Ruben Santiago, Brian Gilbert, Lance Ray, and Erin Reichert
Part X Special Considerations in Critical Care
42 Prescription for Prevention: A Focus on Preventing
Complications in the ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1121
Katherine Spezzano
43 Comprehensive Fluid Therapy in Critical Care: Guidelines
and Best Practices for Fluid Stewardship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1143
Manu L. N. G. Malbrain
44 Approach to Thrombocytopenia in the ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1165
Nidhi Kataria and Justin Kreuter
45 Sustainable Pharmacy Practice in the ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1175
Nicole G. M. Hunfeld and Amy L. Dzierba
Part XI Supportive Care in Critical Illness
46 Pain and Sedation: Assessment, Prevention,
and Treatment in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1195
Joanna L. Stollings and Sybil E. Watkins
47 Neuromuscular Blockade in Critically Ill Adults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1215
Omar Elnaggar, Michael Chen, and Hassan Farhan
48 Rapid Sequence Intubation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1249
Alyson M. Esteves
49 Anticoagulation in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1271
Natasha D. Lopez, Kristine N. Schwietz, and Christine S. Ji
50 Vasopressor Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1365
Fanny Li and Dexter Wimer

Contents of Volume II
xvii
51 Antimicrobial Management in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . 1383
Gabrielle Gibson, Lauren Kolodziej, Sarah Matuszak,
and Lauren Sutton
52 Glycemic Control in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1425
Traci M. Grucz, Michael A. DiCesare, and David Sugrue
53 Fluid Resuscitation in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1451
Michael T. Kenes and Nicholas Farina
54 Rational Use of Blood Products in the Intensive Care Unit . . . . . . . 1463
Ethan Garrigan, Sachin Mehta, and Sharon L. McCartney
55 Clinical Nutrition in Critical Illness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1493
Kathleen M. Gura
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1517

Contributors
Max W. Adelman Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine,
Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
KathleenM.Akgün Yale University School of Medicine, Veterans Administration
Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
Kaitlin M. Alexander University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gaines-
ville, FL, USA
SajjadhM.J.Ali Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
TeresaA.Allison Department of Pharmacy, Memorial Hermann—Texas Medical
Center, Houston, TX, USA
Yasir Alzaidi Department of Pharmacy, Al Hada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif,
Saudi Arabia
Adrián Baranchuk
ON, Canada
NicholasBarker Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Emory Saint Joseph’s Hos-
pital, Atlanta, GA, USA
Brooke Barlow Memorial Hermann-The Woodlands Medical Center, Hous-
ton, TX, USA
Erin F. Barreto Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic Hospital—Rochester,
Rochester, MN, USA
ChristopherBell Department of Pharmacy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Bos-
ton, MA, USA
Scott Benken Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois Chicago
College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA
Division of Cardiology, Queen’s University, Kingston,
xix

xx
Contributors
KarenBerger Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
Broward Health Medical Center, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
MauroBernardi Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Stu-
diorum—University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
SarahBova University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
LaurenR.Calnan Hillcrest Hospital South, Tulsa, OK, USA
Ryan Chaffee
Department of Pharmacy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Bos-
ton, MA, USA
Cherylee W. J. Chang Department of Neurology, Duke University School of
Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Duke
University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
LingyeChen Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Duke
University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
MichaelChen Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford Hospi-
tal, Stanford, CA, USA
SanjivChopra Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
AulinaChowdhury Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Alana Ciolek New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center,
New York, NY, USA
Kevin G. Correa Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine,
Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Yuhamy Curbelo-Pena New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University
Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
StephanieDavis Cardiovascular Surgical ICU and Clinical Nutrition, The Johns
Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
Michael A. DiCesare Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of the University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Atul Dilawri Cardiothoracic Intensive Care, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital,
Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
ZacharyDrabick Department of Pharmacy, University of Florida Health, Jack-
sonville, FL, USA
AmyL.Dzierba Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health,
New York, NY, USA

Contributors
xxi
LaurenE. Eggert Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine,
Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
OmarElnaggar Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford Hos-
pital, Stanford, CA, USA
AnnetteEsper Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine,
Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
AlysonM.Esteves Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
HassanFarhan Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford Hos-
pital, Stanford, CA, USA
Juan M. Farina Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoe-
nix, AZ, USA
NicholasFarina Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Fionna Feller Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University, Nash-
ville, TN, USA
FiorenzaFerrari Anestesia e Terapia Intensiva Adulti, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’
Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
International Renal research Institute of Vicenza (IRRIV), Vicenza, Italy
JonathanFriedman Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
LisaM.Gangarosa Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of
Medicine, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
SebastiánGarcia-Zamora Coronary Care Unit, Delta Clinic, Rosario, Argentina
EthanGarrigan Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center,
Durham, NC, USA
JenniferA.Gass
Ardent Health Services, Brentwood, TN, USA
MohamedAbdelzaherGebily, MD Consultant Intensivist, Director of Intensive
Care Unit, Al Hada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
Former Director of ECMO program, KAMC, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Former Director of Critical Care Medicine Residency Program, KAMC, Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia
Lecturer of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
GabrielleGibson Barnes-Jewish Hospital Plaza, St Louis, MO, USA
BrianGilbert Department of Pharmacy, Wesley Medical Center, Wichita, KS, USA

xxii
Contributors
NeilGlassford Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Victorian Heart Hospital,
Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health,
Clayton, VIC, Australia
Division of Acute and Critical Care, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
LucasR.Goss
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine,
Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
MeganGrammatico Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine,
New Haven, CT, USA
GiacomoGrasselli Anestesia e Terapia Intensiva Adulti, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’
Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan,
Milan, Italy
Traci M. Grucz Department of Pharmacy, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Balti-
more, MD, USA
ShylaGupta Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Kathleen M. Gura Department of Pharmacy, Division of Gastroenterology,
Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
HalaHalawi Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
BrandyN.Hernandez Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic Hospital—Roches-
ter, Rochester, MN, USA
LaurenKolodziej Barnes-Jewish Hospital Plaza, St Louis, MO, USA
BethHochman General Surgery & Critical Care Medicine, New York-Presbyte-
rian Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
Acute Care Surgery & Surgical Critical Care, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
GwangYeeJ.Hu Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University
of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
Robert Wood Johnson University Somerset, Somerville, NJ, USA
NicoleG. M. Hunfeld Department of Intensive Care Adults and Department of
Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The
Netherlands
Lauren A. Igneri Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Critical Care, Department of
Pharmacy, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ, USA
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