Учебное пособие по английскому языку с упражнениями по развитию креативного мышления. Часть 1

Ex. 1. Answer the following questions.

1.Do you agree that often achievements are unrecognized?

2.Are there such situations in family life which one can’t solve even with the strongest wish?

3.Do you agree that talented people, who couldn’t have made their talent true, must blame only themselves?

4.Are your successes possible with help of other people?

5.Did most of your misfortunes happen because of ignorance, laziness?

Ex. 2. Explain the meaning of these phraseological units.

1.Burn the candle at both ends

2.All is well that ends well

3.Add fuel to the fire

4.Make a long story short

5.Muddy the waters

Ex. 3. Find, as much as you can, definition for the following words. Explain your decision.

For example: book – beautiful book.

1.Water

2.Materials

3.Variety

4.Matter

5.Temperature

6.Fish

7.Consuming

8.Plants

Ex. 4. Give the answers interpreting following words.

A man, to breathe out, plants, to absorb

Air, to contaminate, difficulty breathing

Example: fast, green, full – train.

Ex. 5. Make your own sentences based from four or more words, in which every word begins with the following letters:

Example: W…G…C…A... – Waste gases contaminate air.

1.D…W…G…C…A…?

2.W…G…W…C…A…

3.W…G…M…A…M…D…B…

4.W…G…P…E…

5.W…G…A…D…F…B…

Ex. 6. Explain what you see in the picture.

Ex. 7. Retell the text.

Water Pollution

Organic wastes subject to putrefaction are among the most common; one could almost say the "ordinary household variety." This includes materials like wastes from humans and canneries. The goal in organic pollution control is to accelerate the process by which these materials are decomposed. In many cases

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this is done by adding bacteria to the already decaying material. When placed in a stream, such materials continue to decompose by consuming or absorbing large quantities of dissolved oxygen (D02) in the water. The greater the load of organic matter, the greater the demand on the dissolved oxygen and the more serious the pollution of the water.

It is important to know therefore how heavy the concentration of organic matter is. One measure of pollution then is to calculate how much oxygen has been absorbed. This indicates the organic content of the water and is usually called the Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) test. A BOD measurement indicates the amount of oxygen consumed at a temperature of 20 degrees centigrade over a five-day period. If too much oxygen is removed and it takes too long for it to be restored, there may be serious pollution. If the level of D02 is lowered enough, then putrefaction sets in and hydrogen sulphide gas is created. Even in mild cases of oxygen depletion, fish such as trout may be unable to find adequate oxygen for their needs. Consequently they may die or be forced to move elsewhere. Under such circumstances, scavenger fish like carp which require less oxygen are the only fish which can survive in such waters.

Ex. 8. Make questions on the text above. Ex. 9. Make a report on the text.

Ex. 10. Discuss the text in pairs.

LESSON 15

Vocabulary

unprecedente adj беспрецедентный

breakdown n 1. полный упадок сил, здоровья 2. развал, распад postwar adj послевоенный

consensus n консенсус, согласие, единодушие

hitherto adv 1. прежде, до сих пор 2. до этого места, до сих пор adhere v 1. прилипать, приставать 2. твердо держаться, оставаться верным (принципам)

majority n большинство insist v настаивать

disarmament n разоружение

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peaceful adj мирный co-existence n сосуществование co-operation n сотрудничество

despair v отчаиваться, терять надежду alliance n союз, альянс

Ex. 1. Answer the following questions.

1.Why must the presidents often meet each other?

2.Why do we elect people to the government?

3.What does an architect do?

4.Continue the phrase: art is creative and hurricane is…?

5.What does favorable mean?

Ex. 2. Explain the meaning of these phraseological units.

1.Paint something with false colors.

2.Practice makes perfect.

3.Spread it on thick.

4.Tastes differ.

5.Seeing is believing.

Ex. 3. Find, as much as you can, definition for the following words. Explain your decision.

For example: book – beautiful book.

1.Election

2.Administration

3.Government

4.Population

5.Support

6.Co-existence

7.Cooperation

8.Power

Ex. 4. Give the answers interpreting following words.

“Iron Lady”

2, political parties, The Parliament, The Great Britain

Margaret Thatcher, to belong, political party

Margaret Thatcher, post, politics

Margaret Thatcher, the first, The Prime Minister

Conservative, The Great Britain, The Parliament, the opposite

Example: fast, green, full – train.

Ex. 5. Make your own sentences based from four words, in which every word begins with the following letters:

Example: M…T…W…T…P…M... – Margaret Thatcher was the Prime Minister.

1.M…T…W…I…C…P…

2.W…M…T…T…P…M…?

3.W…M…T…I…C…P…?

4.M…T…W…N…I…L…P…

5.W…M…T…I…L…P…?

Ex. 6. Explain what you see in the picture.

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Ex. 7. Retell the text.

Margaret Thatcher

In 1975, the Conservatives elected Margaret Thatcher as their leader, giving her a clear mandate for a fundamental change of direction in party policy and attitudes. The situation with which she had to deal was unprecedented in twentieth-century British politics, and it arose from the breakdown of the postwar consensus to which both the Conservative and the Labour parties had hitherto broadly adhered. The basis of this consensus had been created after 1951 by the legacy of the 1945 Attlee government, the first Labour administration to have an overall majority in Parliament.

She insists that underlying everything is a moral code which leads ordinary people to judge what is right and wrong.

Her interpretation of her role as leader of a government is to help to create a climate in which individuals, with an infinite variety of talents and ambitions, can spread their wings, a necessity now when a small proportion of Britain's population has to create the wealth which will educate the young, and support the old and the weak.

That forthright statement earned her the title of 'The Iron Lady'; As her views on disarmament reveal, she would rather (and who wouldn't?) live in a world of peaceful co-existence and co-operation, and of that she does not despair. But so long as we are forced to rely for our safety on alliances and the balance of power, that balance has to be seen to be real.

Ex. 8. Make questions on the text above.

Ex. 9. Make a report on the text above.

Ex. 10. Discuss the text in pairs.

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LESSON 16

Vocabulary

arrange v 1. приводить в порядок 2. располагать, классифицировать 3. сговариваться, условливаться, договариваться 4. улаживать (спор), приходить к соглашению 5. приспособлять, инсценировать

blaze v 1. сиять, сверкать 2. разглашать career n карьера

celebrity n известность, знаменитость commence v начинать(ся)

crucial adj 1. решающий 2. критический

detente n ослабление напряженности, разрядка (между государствами) disengagement n 1. освобождение, свобода 2. естественность 3. выход из боя, разъединение вооруженных сил

dominate v доминировать

draft v 1. делать чертеж, составлять план 2. производить отбор, призывать emergence n 1. выход 2. появление

expel v 1. выгонять, исключать 2. высылать impression n впечатление

intervention n 1. интервенция 2. вмешательство 3. посредничество preside (over) v председательствовать

shuttle diplomacy – челночная дипломатия

Ex. 1. Answer the following questions.

1.A watchman, having come back from work, met his chief. A watchman said: “I’ve just seen a dream as if I won 10 million dollars. It would be great if

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this dream came true.” A chief was very angry and fired a watchman at once. Can you explain why a chief fired a watchman?

2.What is Government?

3.What does deficit mean?

4.Can you explain what is common and different between herbivore and carnivorous?

5.What planet is closer to the sun?

Ex. 2. Imagine that you’ll have a free day tomorrow, or a holiday next week, what would you do? Discuss (the situation) this pleasant fact.

Ex. 3. Find, as much as you can, definition for the following words. Explain your decision.

For example: book – beautiful book.

1.Policy

2.Relationship

3.Diplomacy

4.Intervention

5.Diplomat

6.Profession

7.Beginning

8.Period

Ex. 4. Give the answers interpreting following words.

Example: fast, green, full – train.

Unity, politicians, foreign, countries, together

Policy, a person

Diplomat, work, international

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Ex. 5. Make your own sentences based from four words, in which every word begins with the following letters:

Example: H…K…W…A…D... – Henry Kissinger was a diplomat.

1.W…H…K…A…D…O…T…U…S…O…A…?

2.W…H…K…A…D…O…T…G…B…?

3.H…K…W…N…A…D…O…T…G…B…

4.H…K…W…A…A…

5.H…K…W…N…A…E…

Ex. 6. Explain what you see in the picture.

Ex. 7. Retell the text.

Henry Kissinger

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Little in Henry Kissinger's career before January 1969 quite prepared him or the world for the meteoric trail he blazed across the sky. Born on May 27, 1923, in Furth, Germany to a Jewish school teacher, Louis Kissinger, and his wife Paula Stern Kissinger, Henry's childhood and youth were rocked by the Nazis' rise to power. Under the Nuremberg laws of 1935, Jewish children were expelled from public schools, so Henry entered a Jewish school in 1936. In August 1938, the family fled Germany, first for London but soon settling in New York City's Washington Heights on the northwest corner of Manhattan. There Henry entered George Washington High School in September. He did well academically, graduating in 1941. He then attended City College of New York until February 1943 when he was drafted into the U.S. Army.

Henry Kissinger dominated American foreign policy during the most crucial period alter the beginning of the Cold War. Along with Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford he presided over the end of direct global military intervention and the emergence of the Soviet Union as an equal to the United States. He commenced detente with the Soviets, a new relationship with China, and brought the United States into the Middle East as the major player.

Throughout it all Kissinger achieved celebrity unlike that accorded any previous American diplomat. The Gallup Poll listed him as the most admired man in America in 1972 and 1973. He won a Nobel Peace Prize in 1973. Egyptians called him "the magician" for arranging a disengagement of Arab and Israeli forces after the 1973 Mideast war. By that time, even his clothes made an impression; twice he made the best-dressed list. His shuttle diplomacy twice won him an award as "professional traveler of the year." Popular magazines were fascinated with him and his work.

Ex. 8. Make questions on the text above.

Ex. 9. Make a report on the text above.

Ex. 10. Discuss the text in pairs.

LESSON 17

Vocabulary

acrimony n 1. острота 2. жесткость attitude n отношение к чему-л.

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