Учебное пособие по английскому языку с упражнениями по развитию креативного мышления. Часть 1

11. Being generally accepted as payment, bank deposits are a medium of exchange, too.

2. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the use of word it.

1.It is the corporation that is the most common form of business in the USA.

2.It is possible for large corporations to pay high dividends on the shares.

3.One of the partner’s wishes to retire. It will lead to dissolving the partnership contract.

4.It is common practice to include all the more or less durable means of production, such as land, buildings and machinery in fixed capital.

5.Firms can either save their income or pay it out to their owners.

6.It is important for every manager to know labor efficiency in his enterprise.

7.If a labor markets are inefficient, it is more difficult for a worker to find a job.

3. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the use of word as.

1.It’s not as warm today as it was yesterday.

2.His apartment isn’t as elegant as her apartment, but it’s much bigger.

3.Her brother is as intelligent as his wife.

4.The hotel isn’t as cheap as we expected.

5.If the rise in price is very large and quick, the situation is known as hyperinflation.

6.Only when demand equals supply, people can buy or sell as much as they want.

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7.Every firm wants to sell as much as possible.

8.As the supply increases with an improvement in technology, firms want to produce more at the same price level as before.

9.Attempts to organize restrictions in coffee and cocoa have not been so effective as OPEC regulation of quantities of oil sold to other countries.

10.The Metropolitan Museum of Art accepted the photos as a gift and made them part of its permanent collection.

Vocabulary

basis n основание, базис cooperation n сотрудничество

dispute n 1. диспут, дебаты, полемика 2. спор, пререкания equal adj равный

maintain v поддерживать negotiation n переговоры

opportunity n 1. возможность, перспектива, 2. способность protectorate n 1. протекторат 2. попечительство recognize v 1. узнавать 2. признавать

respect v уважать

secure v 1. гарантировать, обеспечивать безопасность, защищать, страховать 2. добиваться, достигать

settlement n 1. поселение 2. соглашение 3. оплата sovereignty n суверенитет

state n государство strive v стремиться

uphold v 1. поддерживать 2. поощрять, подбадривать 3. одобрять, утверждать

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Ex. 4. Answer the questions.

1.Should we write on both sides of the paper?

2.Why are more potatoes grown in Idaho than in the neighboring state of Washington?

3.Which country has had the greatest economic growth during its history – Haiti or the Dominican Republic? Why has it been greater?

4.Does promotion depend more on luck, than on capacities and efforts of a man?

5.Do many divorces happen because of misunderstanding and lack of abilities to understand each other?

Ex. 5. Explain the meaning of these proverbs.

1.Six of one and half a dozen of the other.

2.That’s where the shoe pinches.

3.As scarce as hen’s teeth

4.They make a pair.

5.Get it into one’s head

Ex. 6. Find, as much as you can, definition for the following words. Explain your decision.

For example: book – beautiful book.

1.Rights

2.Sovereignty

3.Nation

4.Negotiation

5.Opportunity

6.Cooperation

7.Freedom

8.Dispute

Ex. 7. Give the answers interpreting following words.

Oneself, government, independence Equality, rights, people

Nelson Mandela, South Africa, independence, to fight

Politician, to lead, country

Example: fast, green, full – train.

Ex. 8. Make your own sentences based from four or more words, in which every word begins with the following letters:

Example: N…M…S…F…L... – Nelson Mandela struggled for liberty

1.N…M…S…F…I…

2.N…M…S…F…F…

3.N…M…W…A…P…

4.D…N…M…S…F…L…?

5.D…N…M…S…F…I…?

Ex. 9. Explain what you see in the picture.

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Ex.10. Retell the text.

THERE SHALL BE PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP!

South Africa shall be a fully independent state, which respects the rights and sovereignty of all nations;

South Africa shall strive to maintain world peace and the settlement of all international disputes by negotiation—not war;

Peace and friendship amongst all our people shall be secured by upholding the equal rights, opportunities and status of all;

The people of the protectorates—Basutoland, Bechuanaland and Swaziland —shall be free to decide for themselves their own future;

The right of all the peoples of Africa to independence and self-government shall be recognised, and shall be the basis of close cooperation.

Let all who love their people and their country now say, as we say here: "THESE FREEDOMS WE WILL FIGHT FOR, SIDE BY SIDE, THROUGHOUT OUR LIVES, UNTIL WE HAVE WON OUR LIBERTY".

Ex. 11. Make questions on the text above.

LESSON 7

Grammar: 1. Infinitive

2.Construction the… the…

3.Meaning of the word most

1.Translate the sentences, paying attention to the use of the Infinitive.

1. She shows a willingness to work on her own initiative.

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2.He has a great determination to succeed.

3.In their efforts to reduce crime the government expanded the police force.

4.Several people have expressed a desire to see the report.

5.No agreement was reached because of the unwillingness of either side to compromise.

6.The decision to try living in a foreign country was not an easy one.

7.They were happy to have been given a warm welcome.

8.They claim to have discovered a cure for the disease, but this has not yet been proved.

9.We were lucky to be travelling by air.

10.It was clever of them to have insured their house against fire.

11.I was disappointed not to find her home.

12.The patient claimed to have had severe problems in communicating since childhood.

13.Jack is proud to have been working in the company since its foundation.

14.I was sorry not to have been given the chance to prove my point.

15.To run a business is to plan its activities and to determine all operations necessary at each step.

16.To control an economy is the same as to intervene in it.

17.In order to consume, we need income.

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18.The import tariffs were not raised high enough to decrease imports.

19.The economic growth is too slow now to expect a rapid increase in demand and supply.

20.In order to earn income, we have to work.

21.Nature has many secrets to be discovered yet.

2. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the comparison construction: the… the…:

1.The higher the labor productivity, the lower the production cost.

2.The higher the real wage, the more individuals the labor force comprises.

3.The greater a person’s income, the more he will usually buy.

4.The greater the number of sellers in a market, the better choice can a buyer make.

3. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the meaning of the word most.

1.Keynes is the most famous economist.

2.Most of his books were translated into other languages.

3.Most of these journals are bought by the university library.

4.Economist is the most popular profession with young people now.

5.Most countries of Central Europe belong to developed countries.

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6.The USA is the most industrialized country in the world today.

7.The president usually makes the final decision about most social programs in the country.

8.The supply of fuel is one of the most serious problems for most European countries.

9.Most of the lands in the North of the country have not been used yet.

10.The problem of economic independence is most essential for developing countries.

11.Most of time we spent on the analysis of the statistical data.

Vocabulary

achieve v достигать

cause v причинять, вызывать, заставлять damage n ущерб, повреждение

exploit v эксплуатировать

fundamental adj основной, коренной, существенный, фундаментальный goal n цель, задача

in accordance with – в соответствии с… incompatibility n несовместимость jurisdiction n юрисдикция

proclaim v провозглашать, объявлять

pursuant adv согласно с чем-л., в соответствии с чем-л.

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regard v 1. смотреть 2. обращать внимание 3. считать, рассматривать 4. относиться 5. касаться, иметь отношение к…

restrict v ограничивать

Ex. 4. Answer the following questions.

1.Is it fate to be ill?

2.Do people become lonely because of lack of kindness to others?

3.Is it useless to try to make others sympathize with you?

4.Is it true that desires come true due to luck?

5.Do parents and well-being influence on family happiness more than relationship between spouses?

Ex.5. Explain the meaning of these proverbs.

1.Out of the blue

2.Thrash over old straw

3.Nothing venture, nothing have

4.Birds of a feather flock together

5.You can’t eat you cake and have it

Ex. 6. Find, as much as you can, definition for the following words. Explain your decision.

For example: book – beautiful book.

1.Resources

2.Damage

3.Statement

4.Incompatibility

5.Policy

6.Principle

7.Restriction

8.Proclamation

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Ex. 7. Give the answers interpreting following words.

Example: fast, green, full – train.

Ex. 8. Make your own sentences based from four or more words, in which every word begins with the following letters:

Example: P…O…E…P…S... – Principle of environmental protection sustained

1.P…O…E…P…A…

2.W…P…O…E…P…B…A…?

3.W…P…O…E…P…B…S…?

4.D…T…S…P…O…E…P…?

5.D…H…A…P…O…E…P…?

Ex. 9. Explain what you see in the picture.

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