Учебное пособие по английскому языку с упражнениями по развитию креативного мышления. Часть 1

Ex. 10. Retell the text.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, PRINCIPLE 21

Reference to a specific international human right to an adequate environment is, in fact, only to be found in the Principle 1 of the 1972 UN Declaration on the Human Environment. Apart from the fact that the States which adopted the 1972 UN Declaration probably regarded the principle as not legally binding but stating merely a goal to be achieved, there also remains the problem of the clear incompatibility of the proclaimed fundamental human right with the statement in Principle 21 of the 1972 UN Declaration that: "States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental policies . . .". This sovereign right is, in Principle 21, only restricted in case damage is caused to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.

Ex. 11. Make questions on the text above.

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LESSON 8

Grammar: 1. Complex Subject

2.Meaning of the word one

3.Meaning of the word which

1.Translate the sentences, paying attention to the construction “Complex Subject.”

1.The new job proved to be a challenge.

2.He seems to lack basic conversational skills.

3.I happened to have driven that kind of car before.

4.There appears to have been a fire.

5.He seemed to have been running – he was out of breath.

6.I happened to see him on my way to work.

7.Demand for imports is expected to rise when domestic income and output rise.

8.An increase in the wage rate is expected to reduce the quantity of labor demanded.

9.Markets are said to bring together buyers and sellers of goods and services.

10.Alcohol and tobacco are usually believed to be products with very inelastic demand.

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2. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the meaning of the word one.

1.Everyone can find himself in one of three situations: employed, or unemployed, or out of the labor force.

2.One can be more economical buying large quantities of a good rather than small quantities.

3.A worker in the United Kingdom earns more than the one in India.

4.One defines efficiency as the relationship between factor inputs and output of goods and services.

5.One thing in which workers are different is human capital.

3. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the meaning of the word which.

1.The consumer incomes have risen, which has resulted in lower demand for inferior goods.

2.The government didn’t pay due attention to the economists’ recommendations, which led to lower economic growth.

3.We signed agreement which is very important for cooperation between our two firms.

4.We hold negotiations which are necessary for relationship between our countries.

5.I wanted to buy a book by this author but there are too many his books here that I don’t even know which one I’m going to buy.

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Vocabulary

attend v 1. присутствовать 2. сопровождать divide v разделять

edifice n 1. здание, сооружение 2. стройная система (взглядов), доктрина facility n 1. легкость 2. удобства, приспособления 3. благоприятные

условия 4. оборудование, аппаратура injustice n несправедливость

occasionally adv иногда, время от времени pal n приятель

ponder v обдумывать, размышлять puzzle v озадачивать

segregate v отделять separate v отделять(ся)

staid adj положительный, уравновешенный, степенный

Ex. 4. Answer the following questions

1.Do you feel sometimes that one influences on you less than you want?

2.Do you agree that management is more effective when workers’ activity is fully controlled without counting on their independence?

3.Do you always believe in your plans when you think it over?

4.Do you agree that what many people consider to be luck is a result of long expedient, purposeful forces in reality?

5.Do you think that right way of life can help you health without doctors and medicine?

Ex. 5. Explain the meaning of these proverbs.

1.Night brings counsel.

2.Come away none the wiser.

3.As dull as ditchwater.

4.Not the only pebble on the beach.

5.Evil communications corrupt good manners.

Ex. 6. Find, as much as you can, definition for the following words. Explain your decision.

For example: book – beautiful book.

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1.Facilities

2.Injustice

3.Shop owner

4.Parents

5.School

6.Time

7.Priest

8.Son

Ex. 7. Give the answers interpreting following words.

Example: fast, green, full – train.

Ex. 8. Make your own sentences based from four words, in which every word begins with the following letters:

Example: M…L…K…W…A…P... – Martin Luther King was a priest.

1.W…M…L…K…A…P…?

2.M…L…K…W…A…G…O…

3.W…M…L…K…A…G…O…?

4.M…L…K…W…A…B…

5.M…L…K…S…F…E…B…B…A…W…

Ex. 9. Explain what you see in the picture.

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Ex. 10. Retell the text.

Martin Luther King Jr.: Lesson of the past

Martin Luther King Jr, born on 15 January 1929, practically grew up in the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia. In and out of the staid brick edifice almost every day of the week, on Sunday, The Lord's Day', he was there most of the time. The Sabbath started with Bible stories in Sunday school classes that were attended by him and all his friends

Occasionally little 'M.L.', as Martin Jr was called as a youngster, was puzzled. His best friends before he was old enough to go to school had been the white shop owner's sons across the street. He never forgot the day he learned that he would have to go to one school, while his pals went to another. A time had come when their parents no longer let their sons play with him because they were white, and he was 'colored'. They made excuses for why the boys could not come out to play. Having pondered these matters, M.L. finally asked his mother to explain.

She told him about separate facilities, divided waiting rooms, sitting in the back of buses, separate drinking fountains, different doctors' offices, segregated restaurants and the balconies of theaters where 'colored' could sit. And then she said the 'words that almost every Negro hears before he can yet understand the injustice that makes them necessary: "You are as good as anyone."

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Ex. 11. Make questions on the text above.

LESSON 9

Grammar: 1. Complex Object

2.Meaning of the word for

3.Conjunction until

1.Translate the sentences, paying attention to the construction “Complex Object.”

1.He didn’t want his son to study abroad.

2.They expect us to come.

3.He saw children playing in the garden.

4.I heard him open the door.

5.I saw him close the window.

6.Did you expect this to happen?

7.I watched him get into the taxi.

8.She let us come in.

9.They made me wait two hours for an appointment.

10.They made the children stay away from the fire.

11.You should make your son tell the truth.

12.As the prices for fuel rise, we expect their production to expand.

13.Economists consider land to be the factor of production supplied by nature.

14.Higher prices for oil make research laboratories work at substitutes for oil.

15.Some businessmen think trade union regulations to result in fewer jobs.

2. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the meaning of the word for.

1. Information resources are too scare (скудный) for statistics to avoid compromises.

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2.Smaller firms have for some time been believed to be at a disadvantage compared with large firms when they need to borrow.

3.Many economists specialize in a particular branch of the subject, for instance, urban economics studies city problems, land use, transport, and housing.

4.We will be waiting for him until he comes.

3. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the conjunction until.

1.Until a country’s imports exceed its exports, there is a deficit in the trade balance.

2.A new product is unlikely to be sold successfully until a wide advertising campaign is organized professionally.

3.Until the partners of the company come to an agreement on interest rates, they cannot run their business properly.

4.The bank won’t make a loan to any company until its exports study thoroughly the company’s balance sheet.

5.The demand for high-quality goods remains low until the consumers’ incomes rise.

Vocabulary

accuracy n точность, правильность, тщательность approval n одобрение

demolish v 1. разрушать, сносить 2. разбивать, опровергать elaborate v 1. тщательно разрабатывать 2. уточнять, конкретизировать entreat v считать

return n возвращение observation n наблюдение

outline n 1. основы 2. набросок 3. контур, очертание particularly adv в особенности, в частности

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precession n прецессия preliminary adj предварительный reputation n репутация

reveal v открывать, показывать, обнаруживать sufficient adj существенный, значительный

Ex. 4. Answer the following questions.

1.Do you agree that if people are different they can’t live with each other?

2.Is your positive activity appreciated to others?

3.Do children grow up the same as their parents have been bringing them up?

4.Does fate play an important role in life of a man?

5.Does fate exist?

Ex. 5. Explain the meaning of these proverbs.

1.Out of sight, out of mind.

2.Haste makes waste.

3.Let well alone.

4.One for all and all for one.

5.Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.

Ex. 6. Find, as much as you can, definition for the following words. Explain your decision.

For example: book – beautiful book.

1.Astronomer

2.Calendar

3.Theory

4.Opinion

5.Observation

6.Development

7.System

8.Reputation

Ex. 7. Give the answers interpreting following words.

Example: fast, green, full – train.

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Ex. 8. Make your own sentences based from four words, in which every word begins with the following letters:

Example: N…C…P…H…T... – Nicolaus Copernicus proposed Heliocentric theory.

1.N…C…R…G…T…

2.D…N…C…R…G…T…?

3.D…N…C…P…H…T…?

4.N…C…D…N…P…G…T…

5.N…C…W…A…S…

Ex. 9. Explain what you see in the picture.

Ex. 10. Retell the text.

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