Грамматика английского языка. Ч.2. Практикум

сочетание местоимения в объектном падеже или существительного с

инфинитивом.

to notice – наблюдать

I heard him sing a song. – я слышал, как он пел песню.

2) после глаголов принуждения, разрешения:

She made him do it. – Она заставила его сделать это.

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She allowed the book to be put on the shelf. – Она разрешила, чтобы книгу поставили на полку.

3) после глаголов умственного восприятия:

to know – знать

We know him to study here. – Мы знаем, что он учится здесь.

I want them to do this. – Я хочу, чтобы они сделали это.

СЛОЖНОЕ ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ

COMPLEX SUBJECT

Инфинитивная конструкция «Сложное подлежащее» состоит из личного местоимения в именительном падеже или существительного и инфинитива,

которые вместе образуют сложное подлежащее.

Данная конструкция употребляется, когда сказуемое выражено:

1) глаголами в форме Passive Voice:

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He seems to know her very well. – Кажется, что он знает ее очень хорошо.

3) глаголом to be в сочетании с прилагательными: to be likely – вероятно, может

to be sure, to be certain – несомненно, наверняка

He is sure to come. – Он обязательно придет.

Упражнение 1. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык,

обращая внимание на особенности перевода конструкции «Сложное дополнение»:

1.We heard the bell ring.

2.You surely don’t expect me to do all that work in one day, do you?

3.I expect you to work hard.

4.The mother wanted her children to help her with her housework.

5.He heard her open the door

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6.They required us to take an examination.

7.My dad does not let me watch TV for more than an hour a day.

8.Teacher would like us to come to class regularly and on time.

9.Some people like a story to have a happy end.

10.The students wanted to be examined as soon as possible.

11.I do not desire you to tell her anything.

12.We believed it to be the only way out.

13.The boy felt his cheeks redden.

14.Would you like him to stay?

15.They helped us to push the car.

16.That horror story made my hair stand on end.

17.No one has noticed them leave the house early in the morning.

18.Mother doesn’t allow us to smoke.

19.The doctor advised the sick man to keep his bed for some days more.

20.Do you wish me to be at home earlier?

Упражнение 2. Преобразуйте следующие предложения, используя объектную конструкцию с инфинитивом, согласно образцу:

Model: My father said I could use his car – My father allowed me to use his car.

1.I was surprised that it rained - I didn’t expect …….

2.Don’t stop him doing what he wants – Let …………

3.He looks older when he wears glasses - Glasses make ……….

4.I think you should know the truth – I want ……….

5.She watched how he went away. – She watched ……….

6.I’ve never heard how he spoke about his life in India. – I’ve never heard ……

7.He saw that the secretary came in. – He saw ……..

8.I don’t think that these people were very kind. – I don’t think ……

9.The two sides expect that negotiations will be long and difficult. – The two sides

expect ……

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10. I always thought that they are my friends. – I always thought ……..

Упражнение 3. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык,

обращая внимание на особенности перевода конструкции «Сложное

подлежащее»:

1.Many books are known to be published in our country every day.

2.You are supposed to graduate in four years.

3.His invention is considered to be of great importance.

4.The man was seen to take off his coat.

5.Clyde was expected to arrive at the weekend.

6.We most of us want a good many things that we are not likely to get.

7.She appeared to be an excellent actress.

8.The operation seemed to be a complicated one.

9.You can easily get in through the window if the door happens to be locked.

10.This article is likely to appear in the next issue of the journal.

11.The atmosphere is known to extend several hundred kilometers.

12.She seemed to be listening to him with great interest.

13.The bases of modern physical science are considered to be laid by Euclid, Galileo, Lomonosov and Newton.

14.This politician is sure to be a brilliant speaker.

15.Our team was expected to win the game.

16.He is unlikely to have forgotten about it.

17.Money is said not to buy happiness.

18.She is certain to be working in the laboratory.

19.A group of young scientists is reported to have made an extraordinary discovery.

20.I happened to be out when he called.

21.Erik turned out to have many friends.

22.He was not believed to come back but he did.

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23.There appears to have been a mistake.

24.The delegation chanced to have arrived in Moscow earlier.

Упражнение 4. Преобразуйте следующие предложения, используя субъектную конструкцию с инфинитивом, согласно образцу:

Model: It appeared that they had lost the way. – They appeared to have lost the

way.

1.It appeared that he was losing patience.

2.It happened that I was present at the opening session.

3.It turned out that my prediction was correct.

4.It seems they know all about it.

5.It seemed that the house had not been lived in for a long time.

6.It appeared that he had not heard what had been said.

7.It seemed that the discussion was coming to an end.

Упражнение 5. Переведите следующие предложения, используя

конструкцию «Сложное подлежащее»:

1.Предполагают, что заседание закончится в десять часов.

2.Оказалось, что мы уже встречались.

3.Условия работы оказались более трудными, чем предполагалось.

4.Говорят, что эта статья переведена на все языки мира.

5.Вальтер Скотт считается создателем исторического романа.

6.Похоже, что он выиграет приз.

7.По-видимому, он мало знает об исследовательской работе.

8.Сообщают, что они прибыли.

9.Известно, что Москва была основана Юрием Долгоруким.

10.Ожидают, что эти документы опубликуют в СМИ.

ПРИЧАСТИЕ

THE PARTICIPLE

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ФУНКЦИИ ПРИЧАСТИЯ I

FUNCTIONS OF THE PARTICIPLE I

ФУНКЦИИ ПРИЧАСТИЯ II

FUNCTIONS OF THE PARTICIPLE II

ФОРМЫ ПРИЧАСТИЯ

FORMS OF THE PARTICIPLE

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Упражнение 1. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык,

обращая внимание на особенности перевода причастия:

1.He bought me a few illustrated magazines.

2.Having lost the key, he could not go into the room.

3.Turning to the left, we saw a large new building.

4.Tomorrow we will test the machine constructed by our engineers.

5.During the lecture I noticed a man sitting in the corner and listening to the lecturer with great attention.

6.Not knowing the way to the station, I decided to ask a man standing at the corner.

7.The questions discussed at the last meeting are very important.

8.We regularly receive lists of books published in Moscow.

9.Carrying out the experiment the research workers collected interesting data.

10.Having served earlier as a technologist he was appointed the chief engineer.

Упражнение 2. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык,

определите функцию причастия в каждом из них:

1.All the students studying at our University must know foreign languages.

2.You must learn all the words given on page 125.

3.Travelling about the country, he saw a lot of interesting towns.

4.When speaking at the meeting yesterday, I forgot this fact.

5.Not knowing his address, I couldn’t visit him.

6.Waiting for him I looked through the magazines lying on the table.

7.Having passed all the exams he left for the country.

8.The word written is more important than the one said.

9.Being asked, the passer-by showed me the way to the supermarket.

10.Crossing the road at the wrong place you run the risk of being knocked down by a car.

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Упражнение 3. Выберите нужную форму причастия из данных в

скобках:

1.We listened to the girls (singing, sung) Russian folk songs.

2.We listened to the Russian folk songs (singing, sung) by the girls.

3.The girl (washing, washed) the floor is my sister.

4.The floor (washing, washed) by Helen looked very clean.

5.The exercises (doing, done) by the pupils were easy.

6.The girl (writing, written) on the blackboard is our best pupil.

7.Read the (translating, translated) sentences once more.

8.Name some places (visiting, visited)by you last year

9.I picked up the pencil (lying, lain) on the floor

10.She was reading the book (buying, bought) the day before.

11.Yesterday we were at a conference (organizing, organized) by the pupils of the

10th form.

Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, используя подходящую по смыслу

форму причастия I или причастия II:

1.(To phone) the agency, he left (to say) he would be back in two hours.

2.(To write) in very bad handwriting, the letter was difficult to read.

3.(To spend) twenty years abroad, he was happy to be coming home.

4.(To translate) by a good specialist, the story preserved all the sparkling humour of the original.

5.(To wait) for some time in the hall, he thought over the problem he was planning to discuss with the old lady.

6.She went to work (to leave) the child with the nurse.

7.(To write) his first book, he could not help worrying about the reaction of the critics.

8.Scientists (to deal) with the problem of pollution insist on its being exactly assessed.

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