Английский для студентов, изучающих информационную безопасность. Учебное пособие

II. DEVELOPING VOCABULARY

1. Match the following emoticons with the feelings and emotions they express.

SURPRISE

LAUGHTER

SADNESS

FEAR

HAPPINESS

LOVE

ANGER

2. Practice the words in the following sentences and translate them into Russian.

ANGER LOVE HAPPINESS FEAR SADNESS SURPRISE LAUGHTER

1.Humor and … are best medicines for your health. 2.Our present was a great … for her.

3.Father was strongly displeased with me and looked at me with … . 4.There is no greater feeling than … between a mother and a child. 5.He showed no … in the face of danger.

6.It was a great … that we heard that our favourite singer had died. 7.Getting excellent marks in all the exams was the greatest … .

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II. GRAMMAR IN CONTEXT

1. Choose the correct form of the verb to be in the Present, Past or

2. Use there is/are, there was/were to complete the sentences.

1._________ many programming languages commonly used in the IT industry.

2._________ a bug in the latest software update.

3.When I started my first job, _________ a shortage of skilled developers in the company.

4.In the server room, _________ several racks of equipment.

5.In the IT department, _________ a high demand for cybersecurity experts.

6.Last week, _________ an unexpected power outage that caused a temporary network failure.

7._______ a new version of the software available for download on the website.

8.In theoffice, ______severaldevelopers working on the coding project.

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9.Last week, _______ a network outage that affected the entire system.

10.On the server, _______ multiple databases storing customer infor-

mation.

11.During the meeting, ______ a discussion about cybersecurity issues.

12.In the testing phase, _______ some bugs that need to be fixed.

3. Read the text choosing the right option fromthe words in brackets.

Technology and the Young

Modern technology (is changing, change, changes) all the time. Every time, scientists (inventing, invent, invents) new gadgets and equipment to help us with our daily and discover ways to make existing technology faster and better. Our homes (is, be, are) full of hardware and software.

Research (suggests, suggest, is suggesting) however, that it (are, is, was) young people who (are, is, was) best to deal best with this change. Whereas teenagers (has, had, have) no problem operating digital equipment, their mums and dads and grandparents often (finding, finds, find) using new technology difficult. But if you (is, are, were) a teenager who criticizes your parents for their lack of technological awareness, don’t be too hard on them! Some time in the future, when you (has, are having, have) children of your own, your ability to deal with technology will probably decrease and your children will feel more comfortable with new technology than you (does, are, do). You won’t want them to criticize you, will you?

IV. COMPREHENSION

1. Decide whether the following sentences are TRUE or FALSE. Correct the false ones.

1.Young people who have grown up with PCs and mobile phones are often called the virtual generation.

2.Teachersuseprojectors andinteractivewhiteboards togivepresentations. 3.Mobiles let you make voice calls, send texts and email people. 4.With a built-in camera you can send pictures and make video calls in

face-to-face mode.

5.In banks, computers store information about the money held by each customer.

6.Instead of using a signature to verify payments, customers are asked to enter a five-digit personal identification number (PIN).

7.Airline pilots cannot use computers to help them control the plane. 8.Travel agents use computers to find out a lot of details.

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2. Answer the questions to the text:

1.What is a digital generation?

2.How do computers help teachers?

3.How do computers help schools?

4.What do we do with mobile phones?

5.What is the meaning of built-in?

a) outside b) at a side c) upside down d) integrated e) all of these

6.What are the long forms of PDA, ATM and PIN.

7.How do you think a smart phone is better than a normal mobile

phone?

8.In banks, what do we use instead of signatures?

9.How do pilots use computers?

10.How do airport control towers use computers?

11.How to airlines connect to travel agencies?

V. DISCUSSION Comment on the following:

If someone told you: “As digital devices cause addiction, it is safer not to use them,” what would you say?

VI. WRITING

Write a composition on the topic:

The Future of Education – Printed Books or Computers?

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UNIT 2

Virtual World

The virtual world is a canvas where we can paint our dreams and bring them to life.

Chris Milk

Before you readanswer these questions:

1.What is a virtual world?

2.How do people interact with each other in a virtual world? 3.Can you give an example of a popular virtual world?

Vocabulary virtual ['vɜːʧuəl, -tju-] – виртуальный

multiplayer ['mʌltɪˌpleɪə] – многопользовательский режим, многопользовательская игра

simulated ['sɪmjəleɪtɪd] – поддельный, фальшивый avatar [ˌævə'tɑː] – аватар

three-dimensional [ˌθriːdɪ'men(t)ʃ(ə)n(ə)l] – трёхмерный telepresence [ˈteləˌprezəns] – телеприсутствие science fiction ['saɪən(t)s 'fɪkʃ(ə)n] – научная фантастика

setting ['setɪŋ] – окружающая обстановка, художественное оформление

substantially[səb'stæn(t)ʃ(ə)lɪ]–существенно,взначительнойстепени immediacy [ɪ'miːdɪəsɪ] – непосредственность, прямота, открытость emoticon [ɪ'məutɪˌkɔn] – эмотикон, смайлик

facial ['feɪʃ(ə)l] expression – мимика, выражение лица

A virtual world or massively multiplayer online world (MMOW) is a computer-based simulated environment. The term is synonymous with interactive 3D virtual environments, where the users take the form of avatars visible to others. These avatars can be textual, two or three-dimen- sional graphical representations, or live video avatars with auditory and touch sensations. In general, virtual worlds allow for multiple users.

The user accesses a computer-simulated world which presents perceptual stimuli to the user, who in turn can manipulate elements of the modeled world and thus experience a degree of telepresence. Such modeled worlds and their rules may draw from realityto fantasy worlds. Communication between users can range from text, graphical icons, visual gesture, sound, and rarely, forms using touch, and voice command.

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Massively multiplayer online games depict a wide range of worlds, including those based onscience fiction, thereal world,super heroes,sports, horror, and historical settings. The most common form of such games are fantasy worlds, whereas those based on the real world are relatively rare. Most online games have real-time actions and communication. Players create a character who travels between buildings, towns, and worlds to carry out business or leisure activities. Communication is usually textual, but realtime voice communication is also possible. The form of communication used can substantially affect the experience of players in the game.

Virtual worlds are not limited to games but, depending on the degree of immediacy presented, can encompass computer conferencing and text based chatrooms. Sometimes, emoticons or 'smilies' are available to show feeling or facial expression. Emoticons often have a keyboard shortcut.

I. ELICITING THE VOCABULARY

1. Match the words in bold in the text with their meanings:

1.a representation of a facial expression such as a smile or frown, formed by various combinations of keyboard characters and used in electronic communicationsto conveythewriter'sfeelingsorintendedtone________

2.a sensation of being elsewhere, created by virtual reality technology

_______

3.having or appearing to have length, breadth and width ________

4.an icon or figure representing a particular person in computer games, Internet forums, etc. ________

5.a sensation of being elsewhere, created by virtual reality technology

________

6.fiction based on imagined future scientific or technological advances and major social or environmental changes, frequently portraying space or time travel and life on other planets ________

7.the place or type of surroundings where something is positioned or where an event takes place ________

8.for the most part; essentially ________

2.Find the English equivalents in the text for the following Russian words and word combinations:

Смоделированные на компьютере условия, многопользовательский

онлайн мир, трехмерный, дистанционное присутствие (телеприсутствие), пиктограмма, научная фантастика, голосовая связь, оперативность, смайлик, выражение лица.

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3. Match the synonyms:

USE

Discuss the following questions. Use complete sentences.

1.Do you have an avatar?

2.Do you like using emoticons when texting?

3.How much time do you spend online a day on average?

II. COMPREHENSION

1. Decide whether the following sentences are TRUE or FALSE:

1.In virtual environments the users take the form of avatars visible to others.

2.Avatars can be only textual.

3.Modeled worlds and their rules may draw from realityto fantasy worlds.

4.Communication between users can occur in different ways. 5.Massively multiplayer online games depict a wide range of worlds

based onlyon science fiction.

6.Most online games have real-time actions and communication. 7.Virtual worlds are not limited to games but can encompass computer

conferencing and text based chatrooms.

2. Answer the questions to the text:

1.How can you define virtual world?

2.What is an avatar? What kinds of avatars can you name? 3.What forms of communication in the virtual world do you know? 4.What are online games usually based on?

5.What do characters in online games do? 6.What do we use emoticons or ‘smiles’ for?

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III. GRAMMAR IN CONTEXT

1. Read the text choosing the right option of the words in brackets.

The Search for an Internet Beauty Queen

(There is, There are, There were) a new beauty contest for women – "virtual" women. Miss Digital World (were, is, are) the first beauty contest for video-game heroines such as Lara Croft. The contest is really for digital artists, advertising agencies, and video game programmers. They (sending, sends, send) the computer design of their perfect woman to (an, a, - ) Internet site.

The organizers (want, wants, wanting) people to be serious about the contest. Each contestant must (to send, send, sends) in the following items and information:

five photos

date of birth, name, address, etc.

hair color

eye color

height and other vital statistics

video

And just like Miss America and Miss Universe, Miss Digital World must be a role model. Designers must make their "contestants" walk along a virtual catwalk. The digital (woman, women, womans) who receives the most votes from Internet users will win. There will be a virtual presenter and virtual guests at the presentation. The organizers (hope, hopes, hoping) the digital queen will be used in video games, advertisements, and films such as the Matrix.

2. Answer the following questions:

1.How is Miss Digital World similar to or different from a normal beauty contest?

2.What is strange about some of the information that Miss Digital World contestants have to send in?

3.Would you like to create your own Beauty to take part in such competition?

3.CompletethesentencesusingPresentSimpleorPresentContinuous:

1. Our team ______ (develop) a new software application for the client.

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2.He usually ______ (work) as a database administrator for a large company.

3.They ______ (test) the website functionality at the moment.

4.I often ______ (read) technical articles to stay updated in the field.

5.The servers ______ (run) smoothly without any issues.

6.She ______ (attend) a cybersecurity conference this week.

7.We currently ______ (implement) a new network infrastructure.

8.He rarely ______ (use) outdated programming languages.

9.The company ______ (invest) in artificial intelligence research and development.

10.Our team members ______ (participate) in various hackathons to showcase their skills.

4. Answer the questions paying attention to the Tenses.

1.What programming languages do developers usually choose from?

2.What programming languages are currently being used by developers?

3.When is the new software update going to be released?

4.How often do bugs occur in software programs?

5.Is there a high demand for cybersecurity professionals in the industry?

6.How are you currently addressing the errors in the database?

7.What updates are you currently working on for the software?

8.How many errors were there in the database that needed to be fixed?

9.Why is the program crashing? Are you currently working on fixing the bug?

10.Are you currently hiring more cybersecurity professionals due to the high demand?

5.Put General and Alternative questions to the sentences.

1.I fixed the bug in the software last night.

2.Our team has completed the project within the given deadline.

3.She has implemented a new algorithm for data analysis.

4.The server crashed yesterday, but we managed to restore it.

5.He developed a new mobile application for iOS users.

6.We have upgraded the networkinfrastructure to improve connectivity.

7.They have successfully completed several cybersecurity audits.

8.The software engineer tested the new feature and found no issues.

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IV. DISCUSSION

Discuss the answers to these questions with your classmates.

1.Do you think spending too much time in a virtual world can have negative effects on a person's mental health? Why or why not?

2.Are there any benefits to using virtual worlds for education or training purposes?

3.Do you think virtual reality will eventually replace traditional forms of entertainment, such as movies and TV shows?

V. WRITING

1. Read some of the opinions by random people on the topic of virtual world.

Anna: "I think virtual worlds are amazing. I've always wanted to explore new places and meet people from different countries. When I tried a virtual world, I made friends with a girl from Japan and we talked about our favorite foods. It was so cool!"

Jack: "I don't like virtual worlds. They're too fake and not real at all. I prefer to go outside and do things in the real world. Last summer, I went camping with my family and we caught fish for dinner. It was such a fun and real experience."

Sophie: "I'm not sure how I feel about virtual worlds. On one hand, it seems fun to create your own character and go on adventures. But on the other hand, I'm not sure if it's safe to talk to strangers online. My friends told me they met some strange people in a virtual world."

Mike: "Virtual worlds are the best thing ever! I love playing games and going on quests with my friends. We have a blast exploring new lands and fighting dragons together. It's like a whole other world that you can escape to whenever you want.

2. Sum up your own ideas in writing and share them with the rest of the class.

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