Английский для студентов, изучающих информационную безопасность. Учебное пособие

In reality it doesn't take too much of a technical genius to enter into a search engine, "fake email accounts" or something similar. The returned results, such as Fake Email Generator, Mailinator, ThrowAwayMail and Fakelnbox are all designed to help you create a fake account that can either be single use or used regularly. This of course means that a person is able to create a false persona and sign up for Facebook and the like using a browser's private function, and have access to accounts without someone else knowing.

This works both ways, from the point of view of the young person gaining access to a site they shouldn't and for someone who's creating accounts ready for grooming, or something similar. With access to a fake email, a young person has the potential get into a variety of potential dangerous situations. They could be contacted by someone who is trying to groom or send radicalised content, they could also become the subject of a hack and unwittingly execute code that can deploy a virus, ransomware or other malware, along with possible backdoor hacks to gain access to the system the young person is using.

So how would you, as a parent or guardian, combat potential email threats for children and young people? You may not be able to police their mobile accounts all the time but you can insist that they allow you access to the account on a regular basis to check that they're not in conversation with someone unknown, or that they're not receiving and responding to reams of spam and malware ridden emails. However, that does seem something of an Orwellian approach to managing a young person's email account.

Another possibility is to set up a family email account, separate from the parents or guardians' accounts, where the entire family has access and can utilise to sign up for games, safe sites and the like. It's a more open approach, whilst still preserving privacy for the adults and if you use folders within the email client or website, then there's some privacy for the young person too.

Answer the questions to the text:

1.How does the author describe email as a threat to online safety for young people and children?

2.What are some examples of fake email accounts that can be easily created?

3.How can someone use a fake email account to gain access to sites without others knowing?

4.What potential dangers can arise from a young person having access to a fake email account?

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5.How can parents or guardians combat potential email threats for children and young people?

6.What is one suggestion the author gives for managing a young person's email account while still preserving privacy?

7.What is the author's opinion on monitoring a young person's email account?

TEXT 12.

A Child and Online Gaming, Is It Safe?

Gaming has taken some interesting leaps in technology since the day of feeding money into the arcade cabinets. However, with those advances comes a new level of online concerns for parents and guardians.

Of course, there's nothing wrong with gaming or online gaming. Despite the many years of people bemoaning that gaming is taking away something from a childhood, recent studies have actually shown that online gaming increase social skills, help develop hand-to-eye coordination and, depending on the game, have educational benefits and help young people learn.

The problem is that not everyone always plays fair; some take great offence when they've been beaten by another player, resulting in the person beaten shouting or entering abusive comments. Other players use cheats to gain an advantage, making it near impossible for other players to even have a chance of winning or succeeding. Sometimes, when a player is better than others around them, they can be accused of cheating, even when they're not.

There are other factors too that can cause problems for young people when gaming. The game itself might not be age appropriate, with in-game missions asking the young person to do something that's really not very nice. The game might involve some scenes of an inappropriate nature, perhaps sexually explicit or extremely violent, or use inappropriate language.

In-game spending is a modern cause for concern among parents too. For the young person who enjoys playing the game to have any significant advantage at all, they may need to purchase better items from the in-game store. Often these items will inevitably lead to more items needing purchasing and the cost soon mounts up. Other games make it near impossible to finish without having to pay for something, such as a key to unlock the next level or by having the player buy and download more content (known as a DLC, downloadable content).

As parents and guardians, we need to make sure that the game the young person is playing is appropriate and, to some degree, useful to them,

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as well as being enjoyable. We'll look at some tips on staying safe when gaming online over the page but it's worth remembering that even if we find the game somewhat dull, the young person playing it may well be enjoying it. We just need to make sure it's a safe environment for them.

Choose the correct answer to the questions:

1. What benefits have recent studies shown about online gaming?

A. Online gaming improves social skills and hand-to-eye coordination. B. Online gaming helps children learn and develop educational skills. C. Online gaming takes away something from childhood.

D. Online gaming increases the risk of abusive comments.

2. What can happen when a player is accused of cheating in online gaming?

A. The accused player is banned from the game. B. Other players rally behind the accused player.

C. The accused player is reported to the game administrators. D. The accused player is often not actually cheating.

3. What are some potential problems with age-appropriate games?

A. In-game missions that are unpleasant or mean-spirited. B. Scenes that are sexually explicit or extremely violent. C. Language that is inappropriate for young people.

D. All of the above.

4. What is a cause for concern among parents regarding in-game spending?

A.Youngpeople mayneed topurchasebetteritemsfromthein-gamestore. B. The cost of in-game items can quickly add up.

C. Some games require additional purchases to unlock content orprogress. D. All of the above.

5. What should parents and guardians consider when choosing a game for a young person?

A. The game's appropriateness and usefulness. B. The game's popularity among other players. C. The game's level of difficulty.

D. The parent's personal enjoyment of the game.

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Appendix 1

KEY-PATTERNS TO WRITE A SUMMARY

1.The title of the article/text.

The article/text is headlined…

The headline of the article/text I have read is . …

2.The author of the article/text, where and when the article was published.

The author of the article is… The author’s name is …

Unfortunately the author’s name is not mentioned … The article is written by…

It was published in … (on the Internet).

It is a newspaper (scientific) article (published on March 10, 2012 / in 2010).

3.The main idea of the article/text.

The main idea of the article is… The article is about…

The article is devoted to…

The article deals (is concerned) with… The article touches upon the issue of…

The purpose of the article is to give the reader some information on… The aim of the article is to provide the reader with some material on…

4. The contents of the article. Some facts, names, figures.

The author starts by telling (the reader) that…

The author (of the article) writes (reports, states, stresses, thinks, notes, considers, believes, analyses, points out, says, describes) that… / draws reader’s attention to…

Much attention is given to… According to the article… The article goes on to say that…

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It is reported (shown, stressed) that …

The article (text) can logically be divided into… .. . parts. They are… It is spoken in detail about…

From what the author says it becomes clear that… The fact that … is stressed.

The article gives a detailed analysis of…

Further the author reports (writes, states, stresses, thinks, notes, considers, believes, analyses, points out, says, describes) that… / draws reader’s attention to. ..

5. Conclusion

In conclusion the author writes (reports, states, stresses, thinks, notes, considers, believes, analyses, points out, says, describes) that… / draws reader’s attention to…

The author comes to the conclusion that… The following conclusions are drawn: …

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Appendix 2

VOCABULARY

A

1.access ['ækses] – доступ; иметь доступ 2.access error – ошибка доступа

3.accessory equipment – вспомогательные устройства

4.accuracy ['ækjərəsɪ] – точность правильность, четкость (изображения)

5.add [æd] – складывать

6.addict ['ædɪkt] – наркоман, заядлый любитель

7.addiction [ə'dɪkʃ(ə)n] – склонность к чему-л., пагубная привычка, зависимость

8.addition [ə'dɪʃ(ə)n] – сложение 9.anonimity – анонимность

10.an information-dependent society – информационно зависимое общество

11.application [ˌæplɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] – применение, использование, прило-

жение

12.application programmer – прикладной программист

13.application software – прикладное программное обеспечение

14.applied physics – прикладная физика

15.archival storage – архивное ЗУ; архивная память 16.arithmetic-logical unit – арифметико-логическое устройство

17.assemble [ə'sembl] – собирать монтировать 18.at a rate – со скоростью

19.attachment [ə'tæʧmənt] – приложение к электронному письму

20.avatar [ˌævə'tɑː] – аватар

B

21.backup ['bækʌp] – резервная копия

22.binary digit ['baɪnərɪ 'dɪʤɪt] – двоичная цифра; двоичный знак 23.branch of science – область науки

24.breach [briːʧ] – повреждение, нарушение

25.bug [bʌg] – ошибка, вирус

C

26.calculating device – вычислительное устройство 27.calculus ['kælkjuləs] – исчисление, математический анализ

28.capability [ˌkeɪpə'bɪlətɪ] – способность, возможность 29.capacity of storage – объем (емкость) памяти

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30.carryout – выполнять, осуществлять

31.cashpoint ['kæʃpɔɪnt] – банкомат 32.command [kə'mɑːnd] – команда

33.communications networks – сети передачи данных; сети связи 34.complete [kəm'pliːt] – выполнять

35.complex ['kɔmpleks] – сложный

36.computer engineering – вычислительная техника

37.computerliteracy – компьютерная грамотность

38.computer virus – компьютерный вирус

39.computing – вычисление, счет, работа на компьютере

40.confidential [ˌkɔnfɪ'den(t)ʃ(ə)l] – конфиденциальный 41.continuous quantity – непрерывная величина 42.control unit – блок управления

43.convert['kɔnvɜːt]– преобразовывать,переводить вдругиеединицы

44.corrupt [kə'rʌpt] – испорченный, портить 45.cost-effective – экономичный

46.CPU (central processing unit) – центральныйпроцессор

47.credit card fraud [frɔːd] – мошенничество с кредитными картами

48.criminal ['krɪmɪn(ə)l] – преступный, преступник

49.crooked ['krukɪd] – добытый нечестным путем 50.crucial ['kruːʃ(ə)l] – ключевой; критический, решающий

51.cyberaddict [ˌsaɪbə(r)ə'dɪkt] – человек, страдающий пагубным пристрастием к компьютеру

52.cyberattack [ˌsaɪbə(r)ə'tæk] – кибератака 53.cybercrime ['saɪbəˌkraɪm] – киберпреступность 54.cybersecurity [ˌsaɪbəsɪ'kjuərətɪ] – кибербезопасность 55.cyberspace [sa͟ ɪbə(r)speɪs] – киберпространство

D

56.damage ['dæmɪʤ] – ущерб, повреждение

57.data access time – время доступа к данным

58.data base – база данных

59.data breach ['deɪtə briːʧ] – утечка данных 60.data fault – ошибка в данных

61.data file – файл/картотека данных

62.data handling – обработка данных, работа с данными

63.data processing system – система обработки данных

64.data storage hierarchy – иерархия последовательность, порядок (следования)

65.delete [dɪ'liːt] – удалять, стирать

66.desktop computer – стационарный компьютер

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67.digital age – цифровой век

68.digital computer – цифровой компьютер 69.digital generation – цифровое поколение 70.dimension [daɪ'men(t)ʃ(ə)n] – измерение 71.direct the operation – направлять работу

72.disk drive – дисковое запоминающее устройство

73.disorder [dɪ'sɔːdə] – беспорядок, нарушение 74.dispense [dɪ'spens] – раздавать; распределять 75.dispense money – выдавать деньги (о банкомате) 76.displace [dɪs'pleɪs] – перемещать, смещать 77.display [dɪs'pleɪ] – дисплей

78.divide [dɪ'vaɪd] делить 79.division [dɪ'vɪʒ(ə)n] – деление

80.donation [dəu'neɪʃ(ə)n] пожертвование 81.download ['daunləud] – загружать, скачивать 82.duplicator ['djuːplɪkeɪtə] – копировальное устройство

E

83.electronic circuit – электронная цепь, схема 84.electronics [ˌelek'trɔnɪks, ɪˌlek'-] – электроника 85.emerge [ɪ'mɜːʤ, iː-] – появляться 86.emoticon [ɪ'məutɪˌkɔn] – эмотикон, смайлик 87.encrypt [ɛnˈkrɪpt] – кодировать

88.encryption [ɛnˈkrɪpʃn] – шифрование; кодирование; шифровка

89.enhance [ɪn'hɑːn(t)s, en-] – усилить

90.enter – вводить данные; заносить, записывать

91.equipment [ɪ'kwɪpmənt] – оборудование 92.error handling – обработка ошибок 93.error trapping – ловушка для ошибок

94.error-prone – подверженный ошибкам

95.essential [ɪ'sen(t)ʃ(ə)l] – важнейший; необходимый; основной 96.execute applications programs– выполнятьприкладныепрограммы 97.expertise [ˌekspɜː'tiːz, -spə-] – знание дела; квалификация, компе-

тентность

98.exploit ['eksplɔɪt] – использовать

99. extortion [ɪk'stɔːʃ(ə)n, ek-] – вымогание, вымогательство

F

100.feed (fed, fed) – подавать; питать; вводить (данные)

101.financial [faɪ'nænʃ(ə)l]loss – финансовые потери

102.financial transaction – финансовая операция

103.firewall ['faɪəwɔːl] – брандмауэр, межсетевой экран

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104.firewall breach ['faɪəwɔːl briːʧ] – нарушение брандмауэра

105.firewall settings – настройки брандмауэра

106.firewall software ['sɔftweə] – программное обеспечение бранд-

мауэра

107.firmware [fɜ͟ː(r)mweəw(r)] – встроенное / микропроцессорное программное обеспечение

108.flip-flop – триггер

109.floppy (disk) – гибкий диск; ЗУ на гибком диске

110.fraud [frɔːd] – обман; мошенничество, жульничество; подделка

111.fraudster ['frɔːdstə] – жулик, мошенник

112.fraudulent ['frɔːdjələnt, -ʤə, -dju-, -ʤu-] – обманный; жульни-

ческий, мошеннически

G

113.generation[ˌʤenə'reɪʃ(ə)n]–создание,формирование,выработка

114.guise [gaɪz] – облик, личина, образ

115.hacker-proof ['hækəpruːf] – защищенный от хакеров

116.hacking ['hækɪŋ] I – хакерство

117.hardware ['hɑːdweə] – “железо”, детали компьютера

118.help file – файл подсказок

119.hijack ['haɪʤæk] – нападать с целью грабежа

120.household appliances – домашние приборы / устройства

121.hybrid computer – смешанного типа, аналого-цифровой ком-

пьютер

I

122.identity theft [aɪ'dentətɪ] – кража личных данных

123.immediacy[ɪ'miːdɪəsɪ]–непосредственность,прямота,открытость

124.inbox ['ɪnˌbɔks] почтовый ящик

125.increase reliability – увеличить надежность

126.indoor climate control system – система регуляции температуры

вдоме

127.industrial espionage [ɪn'dʌstrɪəl 'espɪənɑːʒ] – производственный шпионаж

128.initialise [ɪ'nɪʃ(ə)laɪz] – инициализировать

129.input – ввод

130.input / to feed in – вводить (информацию)

131.input device – устройство ввода

132.install – устанавливать; размещать; монтировать; настраивать

133.instant response – мгновенный ответ

134.instantaneously [ˌɪn(t)stən'teɪnɪəslɪ] – мгновенно, немедленно

135.instruction – команда, инструкция, указание

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136.integrated circuit (IC) – интегральнаясхема

137.interactive whiteboard – интерактивная доска

138.intermediate results – промежуточные результаты

139.internal storage – внутреннее ЗУ

140.intricate – сложный, запутанный

141.invalid data – неверные, неправильные, недопустимые данные

142.invention [ɪn'venʃ(ə)n] создание изобретение

143.inventory control – инвентаризация, переучет

144.invisible to unaided eye – невидимый невооруженному глазу

145.issue commands – выдавать команды

K

146.keep one’s guard [gɑːd] up – быть настороже

147.keyboard ['kiːbɔːd] – клавиатура

148.keyboardterminals – терминал (ввод) с клавишным управлением

L

149.large-scale integrated circuit – большаяинтегральнаясхема

150.legitimate [lɪ'ʤɪtəmət] – законный, легальный; легитимный

151.list of instructions – перечень команд

152.log in – зарегистрироваться

153.log on – входить (в систему)

154.logic gates – логический элемент; схема пропускания (сигналов); проход

M

155.main storage – основная память

156.mainframe – универсальная ЭВМ

157.makedecisions – принимать решения

158.make errors – допускать ошибки (погрешности)

159.makevoice calls – совершать голосовые звонки

160.malware ['mælweə] – вредоносное ПО

161.manipulate [mə'nɪpjəleɪt] – управлять; обращаться; преобразо-

вывать

162.manual ['mænjuəl] – ручной, выполняемый вручную

163.means of coding – средства кодировки

164.mechanicalbrain – механический мозг

165.medium-scale integrated circuit – средняя интегральнаясхема

166.memory ['mem(ə)rɪ] – память

167.mode [məud] – вид, метод, способ

168.modem ['məudem] – модем

169.monitor ['mɔnɪtə] – монитор, экран

170.mouse – мышка

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