The English Matters for University Students. Practical and Theoretical Issues. Учебное пособие для студентов 2-3 курсов, обучающихся по направлению 45

Module 1. A Healthy Lifestyle

HEALTH AND ITS ABSENCE

The Plan of the Topic

1.What is health?

2.What can be wrong with our health

3.The Ways To Build Up A Healthy Nation

What Is Health?

A)Find the definitions of the notion “HEALTH” in 2–3 explanatory dictionaries

(don’t forget to make notes which dictionary appeared to be the source for each definition).

B)Study the synonyms: healthy – fit – robust (find their definitions in explanatory dictionaries + examples of their use and compare them).

C)Translate the following phrases dealing with health:

poor health, ill health, failing health, to be/to look a picture (embodiment) of health, to damage/to ruin health, to endanger health, health improves/deteriorates (gets worth), a health risk/threat, to be in good/poor health, to be good/bad for your health, smb’s state of health, to glow with health, to be essential to good health.

Exercise 1. Follow the given conditions to complete the sentences

1)…, … and … ruin people’s health (use gerunds)

2)…, … and … endanger our health (use nouns)

3)If you …, … and … you may improve your health (use verbs)

4)…, … and … are good for your health (use nouns)

5)The greatest health risks are …, … and … (use gerunds)

Exercise 2. Translation

1)Краснолицый, широкоплечий Джон – воплощение здоровья.

2)Моя бабушка слаба здоровьем.

3)Состояние его здоровья в последнее время ухудшилось.

4)Каково его состояние здоровья? – К счастью, оно улучшается.

5)Часто люди игнорируют угрозу здоровью и продолжают делать ве-

щи, которые его разрушают.

6)Проконсультируйся с диетологом, он скажет тебе, что хорошо для твоего здоровья.

7)Перерабатывая (избыточно работая) без отдыха, ты ставишь здоровье под угрозу.

8)Здоровье его подводит.

9)После посещения курорта он сияет здоровьем.

10)Физические упражнения абсолютно необходимы для хорошего здоровья.

Exercise 3. Explain the notions

Health club, health (y) food, healthful, health spa, health tourism.

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PART 1. THE PRACTICAL ISSUES

What can be wrong with our health

1)Consult explanatory dictionaries for definitions of the following words:

a)illness, disease, malady, sickness, injury, ailment; b) ache-pain; to ache-to hurt. In the explanatory dictionaries find useful collocations (word combinations) with these nouns.

2)Translate: У меня болит голова. У нее болит живот. У бабушки болит спина. У меня болит нога. После тренировки у меня болят мышцы. Он чувствовал боль в груди. Укол был болезненным. У дедушки болит зуб, он страдает от зубной боли.

3)Divide the words into 4 groups: diseases, symptoms, traumas, treatment measures.

Hangover, to vomit, runny nose, to cough, to sneeze, hay fever, to feel faint, indigestion, chickenpox, high temperature, a sore throat, concussion, to twist an ankle, to take blood pressure, to bleed, to examine, to put a bandage on, pneumonia, to take pills, rheumatism, mumps, to get injections, nausea, rash, stitches, swollen, fit, to shiver, to be sweating, to be vomiting, inflammation, insomnia, to remove appendix, complications, to be X-rayed, to have annual check-up, to itch, to be unconscious.

4)Translate the text

Говорят, что здоровье – главное сокровище человека. Это действительно так, потому что, если человек болен, его ничто не радует, у него нет энергии для новых достижений и развития. К сожалению, многие люди осознают ценность здоровья, только потеряв его. Ведя нездоровый образ жизни, они получают болезни. Здоровье разрушают выпивкой, курением и объедением.

Самые опасные болезни наших дней – рак, диабет, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания. Многие люди страдают от астмы, язвы, гастрита, гормональных расстройств. Психическое состояние людей сегодня также оставляет желать лучшего. Постоянный стресс подрывает здоровье. Головная боль и бессонница – самые безобидные его последствия. Нервные срывы – опасные предвестники инфарктов и инсультов. Одиночество, депрессивные состояния, человеконенавистничество, немотивированная агрессия – это симптомы психических расстройств.

Часто люди игнорируют первые симптомы серьезных заболеваний: боли в груди и в желудке, высокое давление, кашель, слабость и т п. Люди боятся

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Module 1. A Healthy Lifestyle

идти к врачу, или у них просто нет на это времени. На самом деле – ежегодный медосмотр – это жизненная необходимость. Анализ крови, рентген и другие обследования могут выявить опасные заболевания на начальной стадии, когда их еще можно вылечить и они еще не стали хроническими.

5)Find 5–7 English proverbs dealing with health and introduce them in class.

6)Write the list of Steps for the Government and Society to Build Up a Healthy Nation (издать закон, запретить, стимулировать, развивать, информировать, организовывать, строить, формировать и т. д.).

7)Revision. Translate the following collocations.

Избегать переедания, держать вес под контролем, бросить курить, никогда не начинать курить, разрушать здоровье неправильными привычками, вредные/нездоровые привычки, засиживаться допоздна, часами играть в компьютерные игры, регулярно питаться, перегружать желудок перед сном, набрать вес, сбросить вес, нормально отдыхать, вести здоровый образ жизни, улучшить качество жизни, жизненно важный, отсутствие мотивации; органы, забитые токсинами, нездоровые диеты, причинить вред, предотвратить заболевания, энергичный, управление стрессом, неудачи на работе и в семейной жизни, влияет на здоровье, поддерживать хорошую физическую форму, ожирение, справляться с источниками стресса, положительный аспект (благо) – b…, высыпаться, пренебрегать медицинским наблюдением, откладывать на завтра, духовное благополучие, получать положительные эмоции, недостаток положительных эмоций, предпринимать маленькие шаги, самоуважение, сердечный приступ, избыточное потребление сахара, реальная угроза здоровью, гармоничная жизнь, сократить употребление соли, жирная пища.

The Topics To Extend on in Written Form

1.The Constituent Aspects of Healthy Lifestyle

2.The Problem of Obesity

3.Different Attitudes of People to Healthy Lifestyle

4.Healthy Lifestyle: Is It Really So Easy to Obtain? (Available? Something Realistic or Utopian?)

5.Health and Diseases

6.The Problem of Healthy Aging

7.The Ways to Build Up a Healthy Nation

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PART 1. THE PRACTICAL ISSUES

THE TEXTS RECOMMENDED FOR HOME READING

TEXT 1

THE JUICE OF AN ORANGE (BY P. G. WODEHOUSE) Pre-Reading

1) Answer the questions:

1)What do you think of dieting? Have you or your friends and relatives ever experienced dieting? Was your diet effective?

2)What dieting schemes do you know? Could you give a few examples of dietic menus? What are the typical dietic restrictions?

3)What are the typical purposes of dieting?

4)Is dieting always healthy?

2) Read the Information about the diet prescribed by a doctor to the protagonist. What do you think of it? What could this diet possibly result in?

“Take the juice of an orange. For luncheon, the juice of an orange. And for dinner the juice… – he paused a moment before delivering the big surprise – of an orange. For the rest, I am against eating between meals, but I think that, if you become weak during the day – or possibly the night – there will be no harm in your taking … well, yes, I really see no reason why you should not take the juice of – let us say – an orange. – How about steaks? – Most decidedly no steaks. – Chops, then? – Absolutely no chops. – But the way I understand it you’re suggesting that I live on orange juice alone. – On the juice of an orange, corrected the doctor” (21)

https://mybiblioteka.su/tom3/7-66203.html

Read the whole text and answer the questions:

1)Who are the following persons? Mr Mulliner, Wilmot, Mr. Shnellerhamer, Mabel, Mr. Eustiss Vanderleigh, Mr. Levitsky, Hortensia Burwash?

2)What caused the conflict between Mabel and Wilmot?

3)Why did Wilmot have to consult a doctor? Did the doctor seem to be a professional nutritionist/dietitian? Why does the author call him “a man of radical views”?

4)What inadequate deeds of Wilmot followed his starting radical dieting? What happened? (The incidents with Mr. Eustiss Vanderleigh and Mr. Shnellerhamer). Why did Wilmot behave like that?

5)Why did Hortensia Burwash appear Wilmot’s “sister in distress”?

6)What was the outcome of this dramatic situation?

7)What could be the message of the story?

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Module 1. A Healthy Lifestyle

●Read the text very attentively and write down the topics the women touched upon?

1) … 2 … 3) … 4) … … … … Give short titles to the topics and render the contents of the topics within 1–2 sentences.

●Vocabulary: highball, brand-new cartons, holy, stick around, hard as nails.

●Find in the text the abusive words: dopey, unattractive, dope, damn, lousy and fill in the chart:

PART 2 (THE ASSIGNMENT)

1)RAMONA: age, appearance, manners, her way to communicate with adults. FIND ALL THE SMALL DETAIL.

2)Write down 5–6 typical phrases Eloise addressed to her daughter. Translate them. What adjectives can you suggest to characterize the woman’s manner of addressing her daughter?

3)What is the way Mary Jane communicated with the child? Describe it using some words and phrases from the text.

4)What did Jimmy look like? Who was he? What was his role in Ramona’s life? FIND ALL THE INFORMATION

5)Find the information about the emotions the three personages felt in this episode. Fill in the table.

EMOTIONS

ABUSIVE WORDS

● Find in the text the abusive words: damn (2 times), lousy, goddam and fill in the chart:

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PART 1. THE PRACTICAL ISSUES

PART 3 (THE ASSIGNMENT)

1)Who was Walt? Why was he a special person for Eloise?

2)What was Walt’s military rank? Describe Walt’s military career. What were his personal sarcastic remarks about his “career” and “promotion”? Write down the phrases and translate them.

3)What was Eloise’s advice concerning sharing things with a husband?

What do you think was the reason of her bitter remarks?

4)What happened to Walt?

5)Point the reasons why Eloise didn’t want to tell Lew about Walt and his fate? 1) … 2) … 3) …

6)What happened to Jimmy? What do you think of this fantasy?

7)What happened in Ramona’s room?

a)Describe the changes in Eloise’s emotional state and behaviour

b)Write down and translate the phrases revealing that she felt aggression, depression, regret, pain. Can you find some more words to characterize the woman’s emotional state?

8) What do you think of the very last words of Eloise? What did she mean saying that?

9) ABUSIVE WORDS

● Find in the text the abusive words and fill in the chart:

The Final Assignment

(In written tasks mind the recommended number of sentences) 1) What was the way Eloise managed her main social roles?

2)What was wrong about Eloise’s life? What were the possible reasons of this spiritual disorder (without speaking of Walt’s death)? (12 s.) (Follow the recommended number of sentences. Don’t forget to put figures).

3)Do you agree that Eloise’s personality underwent a kind of degradation? If

YES – show the stages of that degradation, if NO – compare personal qualities of Eloise in her youth and in her more mature years.

4)What could be the possible improvements initiated by Eloise to repair the situation and make life more harmonious? (5 s.)

5)Comment on the title “Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut” (consult the Internet if necessary).

6)What is the message of the story (10–12 s.)

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Module 2. Shopping

MODULE 2 . SHOPPING

The Module contains the Sub-Topics:

–Different kinds of shops / what is sold in shops / shop items

–Establishments where trading business is conducted (eating establishments)

–Conversational patterns for shopping

–Online shopping

TEXT 1. A Department Store: Impossible To Resist The Temptation

(The Pleasant Experience Of a Young Lady)

“Carrie reached Dearborn Street. Here was the great Fair Store with its crowds of shoppers. She thought she would go in and see. She would look at the jackets.

She paused at each article of clothing. How pretty she would look in this, how charming that would make her! Carrie stopped at the jewelry department. She saw the ear-rings, the bracelets, the pins, the chains.

But the jackets were the greatest attraction. When she entered the store, she already had her heart fixed on a jacket with large mother-of-pearl buttons. The cut was all the fashion that fall. She said to herself there was nothing she would like better.

Here she saw Drouet who was coming up to her smiling.

“Let’s go and look at the jackets,” he said as if he had read her thoughts.

When Carrie got the jacket in her hand, it seemed so much nicer. The saleswoman helped her on with it. It fitted perfectly. It was just her size, not a bit loose. She looked quite smart.

Carrie turned before the glass. She could not help feeling pleased as she looked at herself. It was so becoming.

“That’s the thing,” said Drouet. “Now pay for it.”

“It’s nine dollars,” said Carrie, after she had asked the saleswoman how much it was. She took out one of the bills and gave it to the cashier.

From there they went to a shoe department where Carrie tried on some shoes. Drouet stood by and when he saw how nice they looked, said: “Wear them.”

Then Drouet advised her to buy a purse made of leather, a pair of gloves and stockings.

Carrie thought that she would come the next day and buy herself a skirt to match the new jacket” (1, с. 270–271).

(An extract from“Sister Carrie” by Th. Dreiser)

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PART 1. THE PRACTICAL ISSUES

Answer the questions:

1)Was Carrie an experienced shopper?

2)What kind of establishment did she visit? Was it the first time she visited it?

3)Who could be Drouet? What was his role in Carrie’s shopping?

4)What departments attracted Carries attention?

5)What kind of cloths were to Carrie’s taste? What exactly did she buy? In what situations was she intending to wear them? What could be her job? Was she rich?

6)Who payed for the purchases?

7)What else was she going to buy?

8)What other items should Carrie buy to make her outfit complete and harmonious?

9)What emotions did she feel while shopping?

10)Did Carrie have a good taste?

Vocabulary development

Part 1. DIFFERENT KINDS OF SHOPS

Shop – a building or a part of a building where you can buy things, food or services. Store – a place where goods are sold to the public. In British English a store is large and sells many different things. In American English a store can be large

or small, and sell many things or only one type of things.

Greengrocer’s, florist’s, butcher’s, chemist’s, department store, a shopping centre/shopping mall, confectioner’s/confectionery, ladies clothing shop / women's apparel shop / boutique, men’s clothing shop / menswear store jeweller’s / jewellery (jewelry) store, a lingerie department, baker’s / bakery, gardening store / gardening center, sporting goods store, tea shop (tea-house), pet shop (store), petrol station (UK) / gas station (US), gift shop, a barber’s shop, chain store, a household appliances store, a kitchenware store.

In the shops, to go shopping, to shop, to go down to the shops, to wander around the shops, to shop till drop, to shop like there’s no tomorrow, shopping spree, to shoplift, window-shopping, to be out shopping, to shop around (to compare the price and the quality of different things before you decide which to buy), retail, retail therapy, on sale/clearance, brand things.

► Off-license, fishmonger’s, draper’s, hosier’s, stationer’s, convenience store (corner shop), cobbler’s, news-stall / newsstand / newsagent's, an optician’s, flea market, haberdasher’s / haberdashery, DIY store / home supply store, hardware store, a tobacconist’s, pet-friendly shop/establishment.

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