Английский язык. Grammar in Progress. Учебное пособие

Part 3. Passive voice

A will be X-rayed В would be X-rayed

С will have been X-rayed

9.A police car came when the injured man (carry off) the

road.

A was being carried off В was been carrying off С has been carried off

10.I (bear) in a small Russian town not far from Samara. A was borne

В am born С was born

11.This book (republish) by the end of September.

A would been republished В will have been republished С will been republished

12. What a pity, John won’t come. He (tell) about the meeting beforehand.

A should have been told В should be told

С should been told

Exercise 15. Open the brackets.

The Tower of London

The Tower of London (build) by William the Conqueror in 1078 as a castle and palace. Since that time it (expand) to its present size, and (use) as an armoury, a zoo, a royal mint, a prison, and a museum. At the time when it was a prison a lot of people (lock) in the Tower for their religious beliefs or suspected treason. Anne Boleyn, Sir Walter Raleigh and Elizabeth the First (shut up) there, too. Spies (imprison)

— 52 —

Part 3. Passive voice

doing here in the hall? — My room (clean). 18. Can you hear footsteps behind? We (follow). 19. This bill often (refer to). 20. He is such a nice chap. Why he so often (laugh at)?

Exercise 17. Past Simple Passive or Past Continuous Passive

1. Many towns (destroy) by the earthquake in Italy last year. 2. The helicopter (construct) in Russia. 3. He (throw) out of class for cheating yesterday. 4. The pop singers arrived at the airport and (welcome) by thousands of fans. Flowers (throw) at them all the way to the exit. 5. The exposition (open) when we drove up to the picture gallery. 6. Не couldn’t go out as his suit and shirt (clean). 7. The petrol tank (fill) last week. 8. The policeman noticed that the suitcase (carry) by the porter in a mostly strange way. 9 The naughty boy (teach) a very good lesson by his friends. 10. When I came to the skating-rink he (teach) to skate by his elder brother.

11.His cousins (fine) for exceeding speed limit yesterday.

12.I drove up to the shop just as it (close), but the owner was kind enough to let me in. 13. They (award) the highest prize.

14.She watched television while dinner (prepare). 15. When I came into the kitchen I smelt something delicious. My favourite cookies (bake) in the oven. 16. The windows look dirty though they (clean) yesterday. 17. Steve and Sue couldn’t play football on the lawn as it (mow). 18. I (ask) a lot of questions about my private life. 19. Mr Day couldn’t wear his favourite trousers as they (clean). 20. The computer program was very easy. It (learn) for a couple of hours.

Exercise 18. Past Simple Passive or Present Perfect Passive

1. The decorations (complete) an hour ago. 2. The preparations for the party just (finish) and the guests are already arriving. 3. The baby (feed) an hour ago. 4. — Christopher (feed) yet? — Not yet. 5. He (not see) for a week already.

— 54 —

Progressive test

6. The paper (not read) by anyone yet. 7. The suit (not wear) for a long time. 8. This fact (not mention) in his last speech.

9.I’m happy as I just (allow) to stay here for an extra day.

10.She (teach) music in her childhood. 11. You ever (teach) to play chess? 12. I just (advise) to keep to a diet. 13. The sportsmen (give) instructions before the match. 14. The motorist (disqualify) some five months ago. 15. I can’t believe my eyes! My book (publish) already! 16. I am not going to the party. I (not invite). 17. The first baths (build) by the Romans. 18. Where is my bicycle? It’s gone. It (steal). 19. This room looks different. It (paint) since I was last here?

20.Why have you come today? — The date of the meeting (change).

Exercise 19. Complete the exchanges using the correct passive form.

1.A: What happened at the WWF meeting yesterday?

B:We … (advise) to adopt an animal.

2.A: How does he make money from stormchasing?

B:His photographs … (use) on publicity posters.

3.A: Are most of the animals kept in captivity?

B:No, some … (release) into their natural habitat.

4.A: Who started the Rocky Mountain Institute?

B:It … (found) by a visionary, Amory Lovins.

5.A: Have we made any progress in helping the planet

B:Well, greenhouse gases … (reduce) considerably because of specific measures to limit pollution.

Progressive Test

1. Sammy … by the WWF for three years now. a has been employed

b is employed

c is being employed

— 55 —

Part 3. Passive voice

2.Hundreds of plant species … extinct by deforestation. a have been made

b having been made c being made

3.The scientific results … in the next issue of the maga-

zine.

a are published

b will be published c to be published

4.The natural habitats of many species … by housing developers.

a is being destroyed b has been destroyed c have been destroyed

5.Five years from now, factory emissions … reduced.

— 56 —

15.His book … recently abroad. a have been published

b has published

c has been published

16.I … for.

a am waited

b am being waited c had been waited

17.The car … . a has been repaired b has repaired

c had been repaired

18.Your letter … by Friday. a will be answered

b will answer

c will have been answered

19.Exams should … in time.

a passed

b have been passed c be being passed

— 57 —

PART 4.. REPORTED SPEECH

Сдвиг времен в придаточном дополнительном при главном предложении в прошедшем времени

Present Simple —

Past Simple Present Continuous —

Past Continuous

Present Perfect

Past Perfect

Past Simple

Future — Future-in-the-Past

— 58 —

Part 4. Reported speech

Exercise 1. Open the brackets:

1.Poirot (ask) her if Mrs. Ascher (receive) any peculiar letters without a proper signature.

2.I thought that Mrs. Fowler (tell) us everything.

3.But Poirot said that she (know) more than she (know)

us.

4.Miss Higley said that Elizabeth (be) friendly in working hours, but the girls (not see) much of her out of them.

5.She said that Betty (not say) anything about her plans and she (not see) her in the cafe that evening.

Exercise 2. Turn into indirect speech.

He says, 1. “I usually get up at 6 o’clock”. 2. “I have always taken a great interest in the “Business News”. 3. “I often receive foreign clients at our office”. 4. “I never miss a good film”. 5. “I have already concluded a new contract”.

He asks me, 1. “What are you doing?” 2. “Who advised to enter the Institute?” 3. “When do you have your break?”

4.“Where to you keep your documents?” 5. “What films are you fond of?” 6. “What languages can you speak?” 7. “How often do you go abroad?” 8. “At what time do the talks begin?” She asks him, 1. “Are you waiting for me?” 2. “Can you speak English well?” 3. “Do you find the book interesting?”

4.“Does your companion think that the contract is ready?”

5.“Have you seen these catalogues yet?” 6. “Will you wait for me after work?” 7. “Have we got the latest information from our representative?”

Exercise 3. Make up indirect commands and offers.

Model: Look into the book! (Teacher/Students) — Tell the students to look into the book.

1.”Go home!” (Teacher/Those students). 2. “Wait for me” (I/John). 3. “Have a cup of tea!” (She/The guests). 4. “Open the door!” (Mother/Mary). 5. “Show me your passport!” (Officer/Man). 6. “Call me up after the lesson” (Jen-

— 59 —

Part 4. Reported speech

ny/Ann). ‘•Bring me the textbook on economy” (student/ group mate).

Exercise 4. Report the questions.

1. She says to him, “Do you think you are right?” 2. The manager said to the secretary, “Will the contract have been typed by 4 o’clock?” 3. He asked me, “When was all this decided? 4. We said him, “Where do you come from?”5. The custom officer says, “Do you have anything to declare?” 6. He said, “The price was cut down last week”. 7. The sales assistance said, “If you pay cash, you will get a 10% discount”.8. The customer said, “I am going to place an order”. 9. The teacher said, “Use dictionaries when you read newspaper articles.” 10. I asked my friend, “Call me on Sunday.”

Exercise 5. Translate these sentences from English into Russian paying attention to the Sequence of Tenses:

he analyst said that mail-order shopping was an intimate experience, a love affair between you, the catalogue and the product.

He said that the doorstep agent had offered him a product at a very low price.

The shop assistant stressed that a wide variety of goods was offered — chiefly foodstuffs, household goods, clothing and stationery.

The Marketing Manager pointed out that the chain stores had branches in most British towns of importance.

She wondered if the big stores of London were vast buildings, many storeys high, equipped with speedy lifts and escalators, with well-planned lighting, ventilation and heating.

The customer wanted to know where he could buy dairy produce, groceries, soap and household articles.

The floor consultant explained to the customer that there was a check-out point and a cash-desk at the exit where he could pay for all his goods.

— 60 —