Английский язык. Grammar in Progress. Учебное пособие
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Past simple or present perfect?
Sue: Well, at the beginning I (12) … (have) two or three good clients — and, you know, people that I (13) … (know) for many years, like Tom Pierce. And since then I (14) … (have) a lot of interest from different companies, but none of them (15) … (become) regular customers.
Victoria: What about advertising in the specialist magazines?
Sue: I (16) … (already/do) that. I (17) …(put) an advert in Design Monthly a couple of months ago, but I (18) … (not/ get) any replies.
Victoria: Oh, dear, well, (19) … (put) up a website with examples of your work?
Sue: Yes, I (20) … (just/finish) it. Would you mind having a quick look at it and tell me what you think of it.
Exercise 2. Open the brackets and give the correct form of the verb:
1.The company is doing very well. Last year sales … (go up) by 15%, and so far this
year they … (go up) another 12%.
2.We … (operate) all over Latin America. Recently we … (set up) branches in Peru and Ecuador.
3.This … (not look) like the right block. Are you sure we … (come) to the right address?
4.… (you/see) my laptop? I’m sure I (leave) it here ear-
lier.
5.I … (just/met) Andrew from Sales … (you/know)
him?
6.I … (never/speak) to him, but I … (speak) to his assistant on the phone yesterday.
7.I … (work) for WorldCom now — I … (be) there for more than five years … (you/know) WorldCom?
8.I … (work) for WorldCom since last year, but now I … (want) to change jobs … (you/hear) of any vacancies
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Part 1. The use of tenses
Exercise 3. Underline the correct words.
1.Yesterday I phoned/ I’ve phoned the bank about my overdraft.
2.I work here/have worked here since the end of last year.
3.Your taxi has just arrived/just arrived.
4.We’re enjoying our trip. We have made/made a lot of useful contacts.
5.I’ve seen/I saw Hugh Hopper a few days ago — he sends his regards.
6.We went/have been to an interesting seminar last week.
7.Today has been /was really busy — and it’s only lunch-
time!
8.Today has been/was really busy. It’s 7 pm — I’m going
home.
9.I’m afraid Patrizia left/has left the office an hour ago.
10.I’m afraid Patrizia isn’t here — she left/has left the
office.
Exercise 4. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple, the Past Continuous and the Present Perfect.
Later that afternoon Miss MacDonald (tell) Tom that Hopkins would like to see him that evening at 7 o’clock. At two minutes after the hour, Tom (knock) at Hopkins door. Hopkins (open) it. He (be) alone, and, to Tom’s surprise, he (look) tired. He (pace) restlessly up and down the room jingling the change in his pockets and gesticulating as he (talk). The first thing he (say) after greeting Tom (be): “I definitely (decide) to go ahead with this mental health committee.”
Exercise 5. Use these notes to make sentences using the present perfect.
Example I / never / be / health club- I have never been to a health club.
1.Jan / ever / visit / London?
2.Bella / never / drive / a car
3.my friends / never / do / aerobics / before
4.your parents / ever / be / abroad?
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Past simple or present perfect?
5.no one in my family / ever / ride / bicycle
6.I / see / the team / play / three times
7.Paul / break / leg / skiing / twice
8.How many times / you / be / to the club?
Exercise 6. Rewrite these sentences using the present perfect and the words in brackets.
1.Tom finish his project (not yet).
2.Sarah phone her friend (just).
3.The film on TV finish (not yet).
4.My brother swim ten lengths (already).
5.You have dinner (not yet)?
6.Mary show you the gym (yet)?
7.You finish having your shower (already)?
8.We fill in the questionnaire (just).
Exercise 7. Complete the sentences by putting the verbs in brackets into either the past simple or present perfect.
1. He (forget) his French since he (leave) Paris. 2. Years ago he (be) very poor, and (not know) how to live. He (become) very rich now. 3. I can reach my work easily now, as I (buy) a new car. 4. — The man you see there is the man to whom I (lend) the money. — When you (lend) it to him? — I (do) it yesterday. 5. I (lose) my keys and cannot remember where I (see) them last. 6. He cannot see well as he (become) short-sighted. 7. He is a man who (live) a remarkable life. 8. What you (do) last night? 9. What you (do) since I last (see) you? 10. I (not play) much football since I (leave) school. 11. — You (hear) from Jane lately. Yes, I (get) a message from her last night. 12. I (get) a fax from Boston an hour ago, but I (not answer) it yet. 13. It’s the most delicious cake I ever (taste). When and where you (buy) it? 14. When you (get) this wonderful ring? — I don’t remember. — I (have) it for years. 15. — How’s Jack? When you (see) him? — Oh, I (nor meet) him me. 16. — You (do) the shopping? — No, I (forget) to take the list. 17. She (learn) to play chess when she (be) 16, but she (not play) much since then. 18. I (have)
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Part 1. The use of tenses
my teddy bear since my parents (give) it to it to me. 19. Yesterday I (work) on my computer for four hours, but I (not print) the material yet. 20. I (live) in London for seven years and now I miss it a lot.
Future Action
Exercise 1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct future tense.
1.This time next week we … (travel) to Hong Kong.
2.She … (deliver) all the letters by noon.
3.… (you/see) Steve later?
4.I think John … (be) late tonight.
5.We … (never/forget) you.
6.What … you/do) later on?
7.I … (finish) my homework before the game starts.
8.She dances very well. If she continues, … (become) a famous ballerina.
9.He … (apply) for a job as soon as he graduates.
10.I can’t meet you tonight. I … (study) for my exams.
Exercise 2. Complete this dialogue by putting each of the verbs in brackets into the future. Choose between will and going to. Sometimes either answer may be possible, but decide which form, is the most natural. Use contractions where possible.
Joanna: Please, come in, have a seat. Would you like a drink? Coffee? Mineral water?
Greg: Oh, I (1) … (have) a coffee please.
Joanna: Lucy could you make two coffees? Well, thanks for calling this morning. I (2) … (tell) you why I asked you here. Um, as you know, there (3) … (be) some big changes in the company. In fact, we (4) … (restructure) the whole department.
Greg: Yes, I know. When (5) … (it/happen)?
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Future action
Joanna: Everything (6) … (be) finished by the summer. Um, the thing is, under the
new structure your job (7) … (probably/disappear). Greg: Really? Is that certain?
Joanna: Well, we (8) … (have) a meeting next week to finalise all the plans, and of course I (9) … (let) you know what we decide. Anyway, you don’t have to worry.
Greg: Oh? (10) … (coffee arrives)
Joanna: Well, as I was saying, you don’t have to worry. We (11) … (offer) you a new job. You (12) … (have) more responsibility, and the salary (13) … (be) much better.
Greg: That’s wonderful, thank you very much. What exactly (14) … (the new job /involve)?
Joanna: Well, we (15) … (expand) the whole customer services area. If you accept the job, you (16) … (be) responsible for the new team. Um, it (17) … (mean) a lot more work, of course. What do you think?
Greg: It sounds great, but I (18) … (need) a day or two to think about it.
Joanna: Of course, no problem. Look, I (19) … (not/be) in the office for the next few days — I (20) … (visit) our subsidiary in Hungary. (21) … (you/have) an answer for me by next week?
Greg: Yes, I (22) … (give) you my decision on Monday
Exercise 3. Underline the correct words in each mini- dialogue.
A:Are you free next Tuesday morning?
B:Sorry, I’ll have / I’m having a meeting with Sue.
A:Oh, right. Well, what about Thursday?
B:What are your plans for next year?
A:We’ll open / We’re going to open a new factory
in Hungary.
B: That sounds interesting.
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Part 1. The use of tenses
A:What do you think about their new marketing cam-
paign?
B:I think it’ll probably succeed/it’s probably succeeding.
A:Do you really?
B:What about tomorrow at around five thirty?
A:OK, I’ll see you then. / I’m seeing you then.
B:Bye.
A:So as you can see, I’ve been thinking about this prob-
lem quite a lot.
B: Yes, I see. So, what are you going to do? / what are you doing?
A:Resign!
B:It would be nice to see you next week.
A: Yes, it would. Are you doing anything / Will you do anything on Wednesday?
B: No, I’m free.
Execise 4. Fill in: will or be going to.
1.A: I’m starving.
B:Don’t worry. I … make you a sandwich.
2.A: Is John back?
B:No, he … be late tonight. He has to finish his report.
3.A: Have you booked tickets for the performance?
B:Oh! I forgot! I … book them after work.
4.A: Why do you need all these eggs and flour? В: I … bake a cake.
5.A: Are you coming with us tomorrow?
B:No, I … watch a film with Philip.
6.A: The phone’s ringing. В: I … answer it.
7.A: Have you ironed the clothes?
B:Not yet. I … iron them later.
8.A: Try to be on time, please. В: I … promise.
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Progress test
Exercise 5. Open the brackets and give the correct form of the verb:
1.This time tomorrow they (sit) in the train on their way to Chicago.
2.Don’t phone Jim from 5 to 6 — he (have) English.
3.Why are you in a hurry? If you arrive at 8 o’clock, they (still/cook) the meal.
4.— I’m not sure I’ll recognize Eve. I haven’t seen her for ages. — She (wear) a dark blue pullover.
5.He (sleep) when you come back tonight.
6.Let’s meet at the station at 5 o’clock. — OK. I (wait) for you there.
7.I (work) for my exam on Philosophy all day tomorrow. “... you (see) Alex tomorrow?”
8.— “Of course I will. I (see) him at the Board meeting.”
9. Next Friday, the President (celebrate) ten years in power.
10.The plane (travel) at twice the speed of sound when it passes overhead.
11.“Iwonderifthatterriblewind(blow)tomorrow.”—“Oh, yes. The weather forecast says it (blow) for another two weeks.
12.I (say) more about that topic in my next lecture.
Progress test
1. Patrick has been offered a place at King’s College.
He … in the autumn. |
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|
a will starts |
b is going to start |
c starts |
2. I … to class on time all this week! |
|
|
a ‘m going to get |
b am getting |
c get |
3. Don’t worry about spilling your coffee. The waiter … you another one.
abrings
b‘11 bring
cis going to bring
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Part 1. The use of tenses |
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4. If Val asks me out, I … the invitation. |
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a am not accepting |
b won’t accept |
c don’t accept. |
5. ‘Shall we meet on Monday afternoon?’ ‘No, I … Phys- |
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ics in the library.’ |
|
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a ‘m studying |
b ‘ll have studied |
c ‘ll be studying |
6.Come at seven. The restaurant will … by then. a have opened
b be opened
c have been opened
7.‘I’m going to Turkey for two weeks.’ ‘How …?’ a do you travel
b will you travelling
c will you be travelling
8.You could meet me at the station. I … at about eight. a ‘11 have been arriving
b ‘11 have arrived c ‘11 be arriving
9.I hope it … raining by the time the film finishes. a will have stopped
b will be stopping c is going to stop
10.In January, Diana … there for 25 years. a has been working
b will have been working c is working
11.Yvonne … in a luxury room in Acapulco at this time tomorrow.
a is going to sleep b will be sleeping
c will have been sleeping
12.Mum gets home at nine tomorrow. I hope you will … the house by then.
a have been tidying up b be tidying up
c have tidied up
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Progress test
13. Please give me a call as soon as you … she’s had the baby.
a hear |
b are hearing |
c will hear |
14. Harry is going to fly home once his visa … out. |
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a is running |
b runs |
c will run |
15. Let’s sit here until the cafe …. It’s freezing outside! |
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a is closing |
b has closed |
c closes |
16. ... . We’ll go to the cinema. |
|
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a When it’s closed |
b If it is closed |
c When it will close |
17 Ella said she will help you if you … her to. |
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a will need |
b need |
c will have needed |
18.I thought that the cat … into the road. |
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a is bound to run |
b was going to run |
c is running |
19. The divers … go down to the wreck and bring it up |
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to the surface. |
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a were likely to b were bound to |
c were going to |
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20. The horse was … win the Grand National, but we bet |
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on it anyway. |
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a bound to |
b about to |
c unlikely to |
21. Gerard knew he … the train home, so he didn’t rush. |
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a was going to miss |
b is going to miss |
c will be missing |
22. Peter … enter the competition, but then he injured |
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his ankle. |
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a is going to |
b was going to |
c would |
23. If Helen comes to the party, John … upset. |
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a is bound to be |
b is likely being |
c is about to be |
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PART 2.. REVIEW OF TENSES
Exercise 1. Choose the correct tense in these sentences.
1.Steven Spiel berg has directed / has been directing over twenty films.
2.He has worked / has been working on a new film since February.
3.Oxford University Press has published / has been publishing thousands of books.
4.They have published / have been publishing for hundreds of years.
5.Madonna has recorded / has been recording albums for more than two decades.
6.She has recorded / has been recording at least ten hit records.
Exercise 2. Put the verb in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect.
1.The Jamaican team were excited about going to Austria because they never (see) snow before.
2.After the holiday, he was keen to see the photos that he (take).
3.Anna (come) first in the school cross-country race last
week.
4.I missed the first goal, because by the time I got to the stadium, the game (start).
5.The first time I tried skiing, I found it quite easy because I (do) a lot of waterskiing.
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