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1.3.5 Thermooptic Coefficients

Thermooptic Coefficients

Material	Wavelength (nm)	dn/dt (10–6/K)			Temperature (K)	Ref.
AgBr	3390	–61			RT	1
	10600	–50			RT	1
AgCl	610	–61			298	4
	633	–61			RT	1
	3390	–58			RT	1
	10600	–35			RT	1
AgGaS2	600	258	(o)		RT	1
		255	(e)		RT	1
	1000	176	(o)		RT	1
		179	(e)		RT	1
	3390	154	(o)		RT	5
		155	(e)		RT	5
	10000	153	(o)		RT	1
		155	(e)		RT	1
AgGaSe2	1064	98	(o)		RT	5
		66	(e)		RT	5
	3390	74	(o)		RT	5
		43	(e)		RT	5
	10600	58	(o)		RT	5
		46	(e)		RT	5
Al2O3	457.9	1.8		(o)	93	4
		1.9		(e)	93	4
		11.7		(o)	293	4
		12.8		(e)	293	4
		15.4		(o)	473	4
		16.9		(e)	473	4
	589	13.6		(o)	RT	1
		14.7		(e)	RT	1
	633	12.6			RT	1
Al23O27N5	633	11.7			RT	1
BaB2O4	404.7	–16.4 (o)			RT	1
		–9.4 (e)			RT	1
	579	–16.6 (o)			RT	1
		–9.8 (e)			RT	1
	1014	–16.8 (o)			RT	1
		–8.8 (e)			RT	1
BaF2	457.9	–7.8			90	4
		–15.6			293	4

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

Material	Wavelength (nm)	dn/dt (10–6/K)		Temperature (K)	Ref.
BaF2		–15.6		293	4
		–18.8		473	4
	632.8	–16.3		313	2
	1150	–8.1		90	4
		–16.2		293	4
		–19.3		473	4
	3390	–15.9		RT	1
	10600	–7.3		90	4
		–14.5		293	4
		–17.5		473	4
Ba2NaNb5O15	1064	–25 (y)		RT	5
		80 (z)			5
BeAl2O4	1064	8		300
BeO	458	8.2	(o)	RT	1
		13.4	(e)	RT	1
	633	8.2	(o)	RT	1
		13.4	(e)	RT	1
	1064	8.18 (o)		RT	5
		13.40 (e)		RT	5
Bi12GeO20	510	–34.5		RT	1
	650	–34.9		RT	1
C (diamond)	546	10.1		RT	1
	587	10		300	4
	30000	9.6		RT	1
CaCO3	211	21.5	(o	334	4
		22.0	(e)	334	4
	365	3.6	(o)	RT	1
		14.4	(e)	RT	1
	441	3.2	(o	334	4
		13.2	(e)	334	4
	458	3.2	(o)	RT	1
		13.1	(e)	RT	1
	633	2.1	(o)	RT	1
		11.9	(e)	RT	1
CaF2	254	–7.5		RT	1
	457.9	–3.9		RT	1
	457.9	–3.9
		–11.0		93	4
		13.4		293	4
	632.8	–11.5		293	4
	632.8	–11.5
	663	–10.4		473	4
	1150	–4.1		313	2
				313	2

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

Material

Wavelength (nm)

dn/dt (10–6/K)

Temperature (K)

Ref.

CaF2

3390

CaMoO4	587.6
Ca5(PO4)3F	500–1000
CaWO4	546.1
	546.1
CdF2	457.9
	1150
	3390
CdS	10600
CdTe	1150
	3390
	10600
CsBr	254
	288
	400
	633
	640
	1150
	3400
	10600
	17000
	30000
CsCl	288
	365
	400

–11.5		RT	1
–14.1		RT	1
–14.1
–8.1		93	4
		293	4
		473	4
		RT	1
–9.6 (o)		273–373	4
–10.0 (e)		273–373	4
–10 (o)		293–338	3
–8 (e)		293–338	3
–7.1 (o)		293	4
–10.2 (e)		293	2
–4.3		93	4
–9.2		293	4
–12.4		473	4
–5.7		93	4
–11.5		293	4
–15.1		473	4
–5.3		93	4
–11.1		293	4
–14.8		473	4
58.6	(o)	RT	1
62.4	(e)	RT	1
147		RT	1
98.2		RT	1
98.0		RT	1
–82		RT	1
–86		293	4
–86		293	4
–84.7		RT	1
–85		293	4
–84		293	4
–84		293	4
–83		293	4
–82		293	4
–75.8		RT	1
–79		293	4
–78.7		293	1
–78		293	4

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

Material	Wavelength (nm)	dn/dt (10–6/K)	Temperature (K)	Ref.
CsCl	633	–77.4	293	1
	640	–77	293	4
	1150	–77	293	4
	3400	–76	293	4
	10600	–75	293	4
	17000	–72	293	4
	20000	–70.0	RT	1
CsF	288	–41	293	4
	400	–42	293	4
	640	–42	293	4
	1150	–42	293	4
	3400	–42	293	4
	10600	–39	293	4
	17000	–32	293	4
CsI	300	–79	288–307	4
	365	–87.5	RT	1
	633	–99.3	RT	1
	1000	–98.6	288–307	4
	10000	–91.7	288–307	4
	20000	–89.3	288–307	4
	30000	–88.0	288–307	4
	40000	–86.2	288–307	4
	50000	–78.5	288–307	4
GaAs	1150	250	RT	1
	3390	200	RT	1
	10600	200	RT	1
GaN	1150	61	RT	1
GaP	546	200	RT	1
	633	160	RT	1
GaSb	1550	380	80	4
	3700	312	100–400	4
Gd3Sc2Al3O12	543	8.9	298–308	3
	1152	5.05	308–313	3
Gd3Sc2Ga3O12	441.6	13.46	308–313	3
	543	13.3	298–308	3
	632.8	10.76	308–313	3
	1064	10.7	283–303	3
	1152	9.04	308–313	3
Ge	2500	462	RT	1
	5000	416	RT	1

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

Material

Wavelength (nm)

dn/dt (10–6/K)

Temperature (K)

Ref.

Ge	20000
InAs	3250
	4000
	6000
	10000
InP	5000
	10600
	20000
InSb	2000–40000
	5000–200000
KBr	457.9
	1150
	10600
KCl	457.9
	1150
	10600
KF	254
	288
	400
	640
	1150
	3400
	10600
	17000
KH2PO4	624
KI	288
	400

401	RT	1
315	300–600	4
500	RT	1
400	RT	1
300	RT	1
83	RT	1
82	RT	1
77	RT	1
560	120–360	4
460	100–400	4
–28.5	93	4
–39.3	293	4
–43.8	473	4
–30.5	93	4
–41.9	293	4
–46.3	473	4
30.6	93	4
41.1	293	4
45.6	473	4
–22.6	93	4
–34.9	293	4
–39.6	473	4
–23.5	93	4
–36.2	293	4
–41.1	473	4
–23.3	93	4
–34.8	293	4
–39.1	473	4
–19.9	RT	1
–21	293	4
–22	293	4
–23	293	4
–23	293	4
–23	293	4
–17	293	4
3	293	4
–39.6 (o)	RT	1
–38.2 (e)	RT	1
268	293	4
5	293	4

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

Material	Wavelength (nm)	dn/dt (10–6/K)		Temperature (K)	Ref.
KI	458	–41.5		RT	1
	640	–49		293	4
	1150	–66		293	4
	3400	–72		293	4
	10600	–66		293	4
	17000	–52		293	4
	30000	–30.8		RT	1
KNbO3	436	–67 (x)		RT	1
		–26 (y)		RT	1
		125	(z)	RT	1
	1064	23	(x)	RT	1
		–34	(y)	RT	1
		63	(z)	RT	1
	3000	21	(x)	RT	1
		–23	(y)	RT	1
		55	(z)	RT	1
KTiOPO4	365	–6.5 (x)		RT	5
	532	–7.4 (x)		RT	5
		–0.9 (y)		RT	5
		–13.5 (z)		RT	5
LiB3O5	532	–1.9 (x)		RT	1
		–13.0 (y)		RT	1
		–7.4 (z)		RT	1
	1064	–1.9 (x)		RT	5
		–13.0 (y)		RT	5
		–8.3 (z)		RT	5
LiBr	288	56		293	4
	355	2		293	4
	640	–39		293	4
	1150	–48		293	4
	3400	–50		293	4
	10600	–37		293	4
	17000	–1		293	4
LiCaAlF6	546, 764	–4.6 (o)		293–353	3
		–4.2 (e)		293–353	3
LiCl	288	9.9		293	4
LiCl	288	9.9		293
	640	–32		293	4
	1150	–37		293	4
	3400	–38		293	4
	10600	–21		293	4
		–16		293	4

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

Material	Wavelength (nm)	dn/dt (10–6/K)			Temperature (K)	Ref.
LiF	457.9	–3.3			93	4
		–21.6			473	4
	632.8	–17.0			313	2
	1150	–3.8			93	4
		–16.7			293	4
		–19.9			473	4
	3390	–4.0			93	4
		–14.5			293	4
		–18.0			473	4
LiI	288	268			293	4
	410	5			293	4
	640	–49			293	4
	1150	–66			293	4
	3400	–72			293	4
	10600	–66			293	4
	17000	–52			293	4
LiIO3	400	–74.5 (o)			RT	1
		–63.5 (e)			RT	1
	1000	–84.9 (o)			RT	1
		–69.2 (e)			RT	1
LiNbO3	660	4.4		(o)	RT	1
		37.9		(e)	RT	1
	3390	0.3		(o)	RT	1
		28.9		(e)	RT	1
LiSrAlF6	900	–4.0		(o)	293–353	3
		–2.5 (e)			293–353	3
LiTaO3	468	62	(o)		298	3
		12	(e)		298	3
	546	58	(o)		298	3
		7	(e)		298	3
	644	52	(o)		298	3
		5	(e)		298	3
LiYF4	436	–0.54 (o)			RT	1
		–2.44			RT	1
	546	–0.67 (o)			RT	1
		–2.30 (e)			RT	1
	578	–0.91 (o)			RT	1
		–2.86 (e)			RT	1
MgAl2O4	589	9.0			RT	1
		1.8			93	4
		1.5			293	4

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

Material	Wavelength (nm)	dn/dt (10–6/K)	Temperature (K)	Ref.
MgF2	457.9	2.4	93	4
		0.9	293	4
		0.6	473	4
		0.1	473	4
	632.8	1.12 (o)	293	2
		0.58 (e)	293	2
	1150	2.0	93	4
		1.4	93	4
		0.9	293	4
		0.3	293	4
		–0.1	473	4
		–0.7	473	4
	3390	2.0	93	4
		1.5	93	4
		1.1	293	4
		0.6	293	4
		0.3	473	4
		–0.3	473	4
MgO	365	19.5	RT	1
	404.7	18.9	293	4
		19.1	303	4
		19.3	313	4
	546	16.5	RT	1
	589.3	15.3	293	4
		15.5	303	4
		15.7	313	4
	767.9	13.6	293	4
		13.8	303	4
		14.0	313	4
Mg2SiO4	488	2.8	298–313	3
NaBr	288	12.9	293	4
	350	–29	293	4
	365	–30.4	RT	1
	640	–39	293	4
	1150	–40	293	4
	3400	–40	293	4
	10600	–38	293	4
	17000	–32	293	4
NaCl	457.9	–20.6	93	4
		–34.2	293	4
		–39.2	473	4

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

Material	Wavelength (nm)	dn/dt (10–6/K)	Temperature (K)	Ref.
NaCl	633	–35.4	RT	1
	1150	–22.2	93	4
		–36.4	293	4
		–41.4	473	4
	3390	22.4	93	4
		–36.6	293	4
		–41.8	473	4
NaF	457.9	–4.1	93	4
		–11.9	293	4
		–14.7	473	4
	632.8	–13.0	313	2
	1150	–4.5	93	4
		–13.2	293	4
		–15.9	473	4
	3390	–4.5	93	4
		–12.5	293	4
		–14.9	473	4
NaI	288	72	293	4
	325	3	293	4
	640	–46	293	4
	1150	–50	293	4
	3400	–50	293	4
	10600	–49	293	4
	17000	–44	293	4
NH4H2PO4	624	–47.1 (o)	RT	1
NH4H2PO4		–4.3 (e)	RT	1
		–4.3 (e)	RT	1
PbMoO4	588	–75 (o)	273–373	4
		–41 (e)	273–373	4
PbS	3390	–2100	RT	1
	5000	–1900	RT	1
	10600	–1700	RT	1
PbSe	3390	–2300	RT	1
	5000	–1400	RT	1
	10600	–860	RT	1
PbTe	3390	–2100	RT	1
	5000	–1500	RT	1
	10600	–1200	RT	1
RbBr	288	–40	293	4
	400	–44	293	4
	640	–45	293	4

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

Material

Wavelength (nm)

dn/dt (10–6/K)

Temperature (K)

Ref.

RbBr	1150
	3400
	10600
	17000
RbCl	288
	400
	640
	1150
	3400
	10600
	17000
RbI	288
	400
	640
	1150
	3400
	10600
	17000
Si	1407
	2500
	3826
	5000
	10600
SiO2 (α-quartz)	254
	365
	546
Sr5(VO4)3F	750–1000
SrF2	457.9
	632.8
	1150
	10600

–45	293	4
–45	293	4
–44	293	4
–43	293	4
–38	293	4
–39	293	4
–39	293	4
–39	293	4
–39	293	4
–38	293	4
–35	293	4
–37	293	4
–55	293	4
–56	293	4
–56	293	4
–56	293	4
–56	293	4
–55	293	4
206	291	4
166	RT	1
174	312	4
159	RT	1
157	RT	1
–2.9 (o)	RT	1
–4.0 (e)	RT	1
–5.4 (o)	RT	1
–6.2 (e)	RT	1
–6.2 (o)	RT	1
–7.0 (e)	RT	1
–11 (o)	293–338	3
–8 (e)	293–338	3
–54	93	4
–12.0	293	4
–13.4	473	4
–12.5	313	2
–5.5	93	4
–12.6	293	4
–14.0	473	4
–3.5	93	4
–9.8	293	4
–12.0	473	4

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

Material	Wavelength (nm)	dn/dt (10–6/K)			Temperature (K)	Ref.
TeO2	436	30	(o)		RT	1
		25	(e)		RT	1
	644	9	(o)		RT	1
		8	(e)		RT	1
TiO2 (rutile)	405	4	(o)		RT	1
		–9 (e)			RT	1
Tl[Br,I] KRS-5	576.9	–254			292–304	4
	1014	–240			292–304	4
	11035	–233			292–304	4
	25970	–202			292–304	4
	39380	–154			292–304	4
Tl5AsSe3	2–10	–45 (o)			RT	1
		36	(e)		RT	1
YVO4	—	3.9 (o)			—	3
		8.5 (e)			—	3
YVO4	—	3	(o)		—	3
		8.5 (e)			—	3
Y2O3	633	8.3			RT	1
Y2SiO5	546.1	9.05		(x)	298–343	3
		5.70		(y)	298–343	3
		6.73		(z)	298–343	3
Y3Al5O12	457.9	11.89			303–318	2
	476.5	12.00			303–318	2
	488.8	11.60			303–318	2
	496.5	11.38			303–318	2
	501.7	11.37			303–318	2
	514.5	10.57			303–318	2
	543	9.7			298–308	3
	632.8	10.35			303–318	2
	1064.2	9.05			303–318	2
YAlO3	1064	9.8 (a)			—	4
b–axis rod		14.5 (c)			—	4
ZnGeP2	640	359 (o)			—	1
		376 (e)			—	1
	1000	212 (o)			—	1
		230 (e)			—	1
	10000	165 (o)			—	1
		170 (e)			—	1

Thermooptic Coefficients—continued

	Material	Wavelength (nm)	dn/dt (10–6/K)	Temperature (K)	Ref.
	β-ZnS	633	63.5	RT	1
		1150	35	93	4
			46	293	4
			49.8	RT	1
			50	473	4
		3390	28	93	4
			42	293	4
			46	473	4
		10600	27	93	4
			41	293	4
			47	473	4
	β-ZnS (CVD)	633	63.5	RT	6
		1150	49.8	RT	6
		3390	45.9	RT	6
		10600	46.3	RT	6
	ZnSe	633	76	93	4
			106	293	4
			121	473	4
		1150	59.7	RT	1
		3390	50	93	4
			62	293	4
			67	473	4
		10600	49	93	4
			61	293	4
			69	473	4
	ZnSe (CVD)	633	1.6	RT	6
		1150	70	RT	6
		3390	62	RT	6
		10600	61	RT	6
	ZrO2:12%Y2O3			RT	1
		360	16	293–403	4
		458	10.0	RT	1
		633	7.9	RT	1
		800	7.2	293–403	4
		1690	6.2	293–403	4

(o)	ordinary ray
(e)	extraordinary ray
RT room temperature

References:

1.Topf, W. J., Thomas, M. F., and Harris, T. J., Properties of Crystals and glasses, Handbook of Optics, Vol. II (McGraw–Hill, New York, 1995), p. 33.57 and references cited therein.

2.DeShazer, L. G., Rand, S. C., and Wechsler, B. A., Laser crystals, Handbook of Laser Science and Technology,Vol. V: Optical Materials, Part 3 (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1987), p. 595 and references cited therein.

3.Wechsler, B. A. and Sumida, D. S., Laser crystals, Handbook of Laser Science and Technology, Suppl. 2: Optical Materials (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995), p. 595 and references cited therein.

4.Dodge, M. J., Refractive index, Handbook of Laser Science and Technology,VoL. IV: Optical Materials, Part 2 (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1986), p. 21 and references cited therein.

5.Singh, S., Nonlinear optical materials, Handbook of Laser Science and Technology, Vol. III: Optical Materials, Part 1 (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 1986), p. 54 ff.

6.Klein, C., Raytheon Company.

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