- •Unit 1 architecture of industrial and civil constructions exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Architecture of industrial and civil constructions
- •Exercise 8
- •Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Exercise 11
- •Exercise 12
- •Exercise 13
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Structural mechanics
- •Exercise 8
- •Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Exercise 11
- •Exercise 12
- •Exercise 13
- •Exercise 14
- •Exercise 15
- •Unit 3 hydraulic engineering exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Hydraulic engineering
- •Exercise 8
- •Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Exercise 11
- •Exercise 12
- •Exercise 13
- •Exercise 14
- •Unit 4 town building and municipal services exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Exercise 8
- •Town building and municipal services
- •Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Exercise 11
- •Exercise 12
- •Unit 5 building materials and engineering components
- •Gas supply, ventilation and air conditioning
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Gas supply, ventilation and air conditioning
- •Exercise 8
- •Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Exercise 11
- •Water supply and removal of sewage
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Water supply and removal of sewage
- •Exercise 8
- •Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Exercise 11
- •Unit 8 technology of building construction exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Exercise 8
- •Technology of building construction
- •Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Exercise 11
- •Exercise 12
- •Unit 9 environmental and social impact
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Environmental and Social Impact
- •Exercise 7
- •Exercise 8
- •Exercise 9
- •Indicate which of the two English sentences is nearest in meaning to the Russian sentence.
- •Exercise 10
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Architectural styles
- •Exercise 8
- •Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Part II Грамматические упражнения для снятия трудностей перевода, обусловленные структурными особенностями английского предложения Артикль
- •Существительное
- •Прилагательное
- •Местоимение
- •Глагол. Личные формы
- •Глагол. Неличные формы
- •Наречие, предлог, союз
- •Подлежащее
- •Дополнение
- •Определение
- •Эллипсис
- •Двойное управление
- •Многозначность
- •«Ложные друзья переводчика»
- •Некоторые употребительные выражения
- •Part III supplementary reading
- •1) Прочитайте текст, не прибегая к словарю. Builder's Machinery and Equipment
- •Steel Scaffolding
- •Concrete Mixers
- •Lifting Equipment
- •Road-Making Machinery
- •Excavating Machinery
- •2) Сделайте письменный перевод текста со словарем, обращая внимание на выделенные моменты, проработанные вами по данному пособию.
- •3) В целях накопления переводческого опыта просмотрите текст снова, анализируя попутно следующее:
- •Roman architecture
- •Anglo-Saxon architecture
- •Norman architecture
- •Gothic architecture
- •Vernacular architecture
- •Stuart architecture
- •Georgian architecture
- •Victorian architecture
- •Twentieth century architecture
- •The Architecture of Egypt
- •3. The Architecture of Asia
- •Related Projects
- •Liuzhou Diwang Fortune Plaza, Guangxi, China
- •Shenzhen Jing Ji Dameisha Sheraton Hotel, Shenzhen, China
- •Related Projects
- •Capital Tower, Singapore
- •Suntec City, Singapore
- •Grand Lisboa, Macau, China
- •1881 Heritage, Hong Kong
- •Text 4 The Architecture of India
- •Mehrgarh culture—Indus Valley Civilization (7000 bce—1500 bce)
- •Post Maha Janapadas period (1500 bce—200 ce)
- •Early Common Era—High Middle Ages (200 ce—1200 ce)
- •Late Middle Ages (1100 ce—1526 ce)
- •Islamic influence and Mughal Era (1526 ce-1857 ce)
- •Colonial Era (1857 ce—1947 ce)
- •Republic of India (1947 ce—present)
- •Gallery
Gothic architecture
Salisbury Cathedral
Whilst the Crown busied itself with the construction of defensive structures, the clergy, and indeed most of society, was dedicated to the glorification of God through the erection of Gothic cathedrals.
Vernacular architecture
Very little survives of the vernacular architecture of the early medieval period due to these buildings being constructed from wood, wattle and daub, clay or turf. As early as the 12th century, the cruck frame was introduced, increasing the size of timber framed vernacular buildings. Typically, houses of this period were based around a great hall open from floor to roof. One bay at each end was split into two storeys and used for service rooms and private rooms for the owner. Buildings surviving this period included moated manor houses of which Ightham Mote is a notable late medieval example, and Wealden hall houses such as Alfriston Clergy House.
Tudor architecture
Montacute House, near Yeovil, Somerset. Built 1598 One of the first unfortified houses to be built completely from new
Large houses continued to be fortified until the Tudor period, when the first of the large gracious unfortified mansions such as the Elizabethan Montacute House and Hatfield House were built. The Tudor arch was a defining feature.
Stuart architecture
The Civil War 1642—49 proved to be the last time in British history that houses had to survive a siege. Corfe Castle was destroyed following an attack by Oliver Cromwell's army, but Compton Wynyates survived a similar event. After this date houses were built purely for living, and design and appearance were for ever more important than defence.
Just prior to the Civil War, Inigo Jones, who is regarded as the first significant British architect, came to prominence. He was responsible for importing the Palladian manner of architecture from Italy; the Queen's House at Greenwich is perhaps his best surviving work.
The dome of St. Paul's cathedral designed by Sir Christopher Wren
Following the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 and the Great Fire of London in 1666 an opportunity was missed in London to create a new metropolitan city, featuring modern architectural styles. Although one of the best known British architects, Sir Christopher Wren, was employed to design and rebuild many of the ruined ancient churches of London, his master plan for rebuilding London as a whole was rejected. It was in this period that he designed the building that he is perhaps best known for, St Paul's Cathedral.
In the early 18th century baroque architecture, a style exemplified by heavy embellishment and mass, popular in Europe, was introduced, the first baroque house in England was Chatsworth House by William Talman in the 1690. However, it is usually Sir John Vanbrugh and Nicholas Hawksmoor who are considered the masters of English Baroque. Castle Howard of 1699 is arguably first truly baroque house in England, dominated by it cylindrical domed drum tower it would not be in out of place in Dresden or Würzburg. Vanbrugh and Hawksmoor then evolved the style to suit the more solid English taste at Blenheim Palace, Seaton Delaval Hall and Easton Neston.