
- •Preface
- •Contents
- •Contributors
- •1 The Nature of Culture: Research Goals and New Directions
- •References
- •Abstract
- •The Primitive Tasmanian Image
- •Assessment of a Minimum of Cultural Capacities from a Set of Cultural Performances
- •Conclusions: Lessons from Tasmania
- •References
- •3 Culture as a Form of Nature
- •Abstract
- •The Status Quo of Nature
- •Culture as a Variation of Nature
- •The Dense Context of Nature
- •The Problem of Conscious Inner Space
- •Consciousness as a Social Organ
- •The Meaning of Signs
- •The Role of Written Language
- •References
- •Abstract
- •Introduction
- •Evidence for Animal Social Learning, Traditions and Culture
- •Social Information Transfer
- •Traditions
- •Multiple-Tradition Cultures
- •Cumulative Culture
- •Multiple-Tradition Cultures
- •Cultural Content: Percussive Technology
- •Social Learning Processes
- •Concluding Remarks
- •References
- •Abstract
- •Introduction
- •Typology of Limestone Artifacts
- •Cores and Core-Tools
- •Flakes and Flake-Tools
- •Technology of Limestone Artifacts
- •Cores and Core-Tools
- •Flakes and Flake-Tools
- •Cognitive Abilities
- •Acknowledgements
- •References
- •Abstract
- •Introduction
- •Technological Transformations
- •Cultural Transformations
- •Closing Remarks on the Nature of Homo sapiens Culture
- •Acknowledgements
- •References
- •7 Neanderthal Utilitarian Equipment and Group Identity: The Social Context of Bifacial Tool Manufacture and Use
- •Abstract
- •Introduction
- •Conclusions
- •Acknowledgements
- •References
- •Abstract
- •Introduction
- •Style in the Archaeological Discourse
- •The Archaeological Evidence
- •Discussion and Conclusions
- •Acknowledgements
- •References
- •Abstract
- •Introduction
- •Human Life History
- •Cognitive Development in Childhood
- •The Evolutionary Importance of Play
- •What Is Play?
- •Costs and Benefits of Play
- •Why Stop Playing?
- •Fantasy Play
- •Acknowledgements
- •References
- •Abstract
- •Introduction
- •What Is Culture?
- •Original Definitions
- •Learned Behavior
- •Culture and Material Culture
- •Models of Culture in Hominin Evolution
- •Conclusion
- •Acknowledgments
- •References
- •11 The Island Test for Cumulative Culture in the Paleolithic
- •Abstract
- •Introduction
- •The Island Test for Cumulative Culture
- •Geographic Variation
- •Temporal Variation
- •The Reappearance of Old Forms
- •Conclusions
- •Acknowledgements
- •References
- •12 Mountaineering or Ratcheting? Stone Age Hunting Weapons as Proxy for the Evolution of Human Technological, Behavioral and Cognitive Flexibility
- •Abstract
- •Introduction
- •Single-Component Spears
- •Stone-Tipped Spears
- •Bow-and-Arrow Technology
- •But, Is It Ratcheting?
- •Or Is It Mountaineering?
- •Acknowledgments
- •Index
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