Сидоркина Е.В. Английский язык для юристов. Ч. 1

c)1879

d)1787

e)1785

9. The first ten amendments to the Constitution are called the ____________.

a)Judicial review

b)Bill of Rights

c)Federal amendment

d)Political Amendment

e)The Magna Carta

15. Match the following statements with a particular (Democrats and Republicans) political party.

1.It is the oldest political party in the USA.

2.The party symbol is the donkey.

3.It is sometimes called the G.O.P.

4.Its first President was Andrew Jackson.

5.Its first President was Abraham Lincoln.

6.Its members do not want the government to control the lives of individuals.

7.Its members usually prefer to spend tax money for military purposes rather than for social programs.

8.It is generally more liberal than the other party.

9.Its members oppose slavery.

DISCUSSION

16. Make a short speech as if you were:

1)the President of the USA

2)a member of the Congress

3)a member of the Senate

4)a member of the House of Representatives

5)the Vice-President

6)the Secretary

17. Answer the following questions:

1.What branches does the government of the USA consist of?

2.Who does the highest executive power consist of?

3.Who does the executive power consist of?

4.Who represents the legislative power in the USA?

5.Name three functions of the Congress.

6.What is the judicial branch of the government? What is its job?

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7.What are the basic principles which are found at all levels of American government?

8.Who can be the US President?

9.How many terms can the US President serve?

10.What is the highest court in the USA?

11.Who does the Supreme Court consist of?

12.What is the power of «judicial review»?

13.What is the Bill of Rights?

18. Imagine you are a candidate of one the major parties: you have alЫОКНв ЛООЧ ОХОМtОН вШЮЫ ЩКЫtв’s official candidate for the presidency. Write your

programme and organize your election campaign.

19. Combine the whole information of the previous lessons and make a topic about the US political system.

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READING

1. Read and translate the following international words:

2. Read and translate the text. While reading the text try to find answers to these questions:

-What categories of law are meant in the text?

-What are the three independent branches of state power in the Russian Feder-

ation?

THE STATE SYSTEM OF RUSSIA

According to the Constitution adopted in 1993 the Russian Federation is a semi-presidential republic. Russia consists of 83 constituent entities (republics, krays, oblasts, cities of federal significance, an autonomous oblast and autonomous okrugs, which have equal rights). The authorities of the constituent entities have the right to pass laws independently from the federal government. These laws are valid on the territory of the appropriate federal division, but they cannot contradict federal

laws. In case of conflicts between federal and local authorities, the President uses consensual procedures to resolve the problem. In the event a consensus is not reached, the dispute is transferred to the appropriate court for its resolution.

State power in Russia is divided into three independent branches: legislative, executive and judicial.

The legislative power belongs to the Federal Assembly (the Parliament). It consists of two chambers: the Federation Council and the State Duma. The Federation Council includes two representatives from each constituent entity of the Russian Federation and the State Duma consists of 450 deputies. Each chamber is headed by the Speaker. Any chamber may initiate new legislation. In order to become a law new legislation must be approved by both chambers and signed by the President. The Federal Assembly is a permanently functioning body. The

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Federation Council and the State Duma have their sessions separately. Each of the houses forms committees and commissions to hold hearings on the appropriate issues. To supervise the execution of the federal budget the Federation Council and the State Duma form an Accounting Chamber.

The executive power belongs to the central and local governments. It consists of the Chairman (the Prime Minister), the Vice-chairman and federal ministers. The government drafts the federal budget of the country and ensures its performance. It ensures realization of financial, monetary and credit policy, uniform state policy in

the sphere of culture, science, education, health protection, social security, ecology. It implements measures ЭШ ОЧЬЮЫО ЬЭКЭО ЬОМЮЫТЭв, ХОРКХТЭв, МТЭТгОЧ’Ь rights and liberties;

measures to protect property, to fight crime and so on.

The judicial branch is represented by the system of Courts comprising the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, Arbitration Court and district courts. Judicial power is affected by means of constitutional, civil, administrative, and criminal judicial proceedings.

Vocabulary notes:

1.constituent entity –

2.federal significance –

3.equal rights –

4.to pass laws –

5.division –

6.to contradict –

7.to resolve –

8.to reach –

9.to transfer –

10.the Federal Assembly –

11.the Federation Council –

12.to initiate –

13.legislation –

14.to approve –

15.to sign –

16.to supervise –

17.execution –

18.Accounting Chamber –

19.Chairman –

20.to draft –

21.to ensure –

22.monetary –

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VOCABULARY WORK

3. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following Russian wordcombinations given below:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

4. Match the words on the left with the suitable attributes on the right:

5. Find synonyms for the following words:

6. Complete the sentences using the proper words or phrases in the box and then translate them:

1.Russia is a ____________ state with a republican form of government.

2.It consists of 83 _____________.

3.State power in Russia carried out by dividing powers into three

______________.

4.The Federal Assembly is the supreme representative and _________ body of the Russian Federation.

5.The Federation Council and the ____________ have their sessions separate-

ly.

6.To supervise the execution of the federal budget the ____________ and the State Duma form an Accounting Chamber.

7.The Prime Minister is the head of the ___________of the Russian Federa-

tion.

8.Executive power belongs to the central and ___________ governments.

9.The authorities of the republics and regions have the right to pass laws independently from ___________.

10.The laws and other normative legal acts of the subjects of the RF may not contradict ___________.

11.The___________ is represented by the system of Courts.

12.The __________is transferred to the appropriate court for its resolution.

7. Match the words on the left with the definitions on the right:

10. Read and translate the text. Then agree or disagree with the statements:

-The President stops performing his duties ahead of time if he resigns because of a state of emergency.

-He also selects and releases diplomatic representatives for approval by the State Duma.

THE FUNCTIONS OF THE PRESIDENT

The President is the head of the State and determines the basic objectives of the internal and foreign policy of the state. He is elected for the term of six years by the citizens of the Russian Federation on the basis of universal, direct, and equal suffrage by secret ballot. One and the same person cannot serve as President for more than two terms in succession. The President stops performing his duties ahead of time if he resigns, be-

cause of impeachment, or if he cannot continue to carry out his duties due to poor health. Charges against the President can be issued by the State Duma. Elections of a new President are to take place within three months and in the meantime his duties are acted upon by the Chairman of the Government of the RF.

The President appoints, with the consent of the State Duma the Chairman of the Government, chairs the meetings of the government, and adopts the decision on the resignation of the government. He nominates to the State Duma a candidate for appointment to the post of the Chairman of the Central Bank; presents to the Federation Council candidates for the posts of the Constitutional and Supreme Court justices, Supreme Arbitrage Court justices, and a candidate for the post of Prosecutor General. The President forms and heads the Security Council. He is the Supreme Com- mander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, appoints and dismisses the supreme commanders of the Armed Forces. He appoints diplomatic representatives for approval by the Parliament. He confers supreme military and supreme special titles and honorary titles of the State. He has the right to show mercy and to decide on issues of citizenship. He has the right to introduce the State of emergency, to dissolve the State Duma, to announce elections ahead of time and to pass the decision to conduct a referendum on federal issues.

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Vocabulary notes:

4.secret ballot –

5.in succession –

7.to resign –

8.consent –

9.to chair –

10.the Supreme Court justices –

11.Prosecutor General –

12.the Security Council –

13.the Supreme Commander-in-Chief –

14.to dismiss –

16.honorary –

17.to show mercy –

18.the State of emergency –

11. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following Russian word-combinations given below:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

12.Find synonyms for the following words:

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13.Match the words on the left with the definitions on the right:

14. Fill in the following table according to the information got from the previous lessons:

15.Translate the following text:

COMPREHENSION

16. Say if the following statements are true or false. Comment on the true statements and correct the false ones:

1.State power in Russia is carried out by dividing powers between citizens.

2.The Government is headed by the Speaker.

3.The President heads the Security Council.

4.The Federation Council consists of two houses.

5.The executive power belongs to the central government.

6.The State Duma consists of 450 deputies.

7.Any chamber of the State Duma may initiate new legislation.

8.The Parliament of the RF is a permanently working body.

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