«МАТИ - РОССИЙСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
имени К.Э.Циолковского»
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Кафедра «Иностранные языки»
WORKBOOK
КОНСПЕКТ ЗАНЯТИЙ
по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
УРОК 7
Студент ____________________________________
Группа _____________________________________
Москва, 2012
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UNIT 7 |
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РАЗДЕЛ 1. СЛОВА (WORDS) |
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W.7.1. Прочитайте словосочетания и переведите письменно |
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1 |
to control a process |
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2 |
a sea disaster |
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3 |
an exhausting week |
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4 |
facial masks |
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5 |
to show a certificate |
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6 |
a gigantic hole |
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a constant experiment |
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8 |
to develop a design industry |
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9 |
to take part in the debates |
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10 |
different phenomena |
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11 |
to get a license |
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12 |
national strategies for health |
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13 |
prehistoric times |
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14 |
collided planets |
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15 |
long-distance travel |
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prestigious universities of Europe |
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W.7.2. Отметьте знаком (X) пары, слова которых противоположны по значению |
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Ex. |
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code — decode |
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affect — influence |
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perhaps – maybe |
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power – energy |
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2 |
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pattern – design |
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pattern – example |
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3 |
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pass – fail |
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condition – state |
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4 |
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graduate – undergraduate |
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produce – make |
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admit – adopt |
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happiness – disaster |
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6 |
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public – private |
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lack – absence |
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7 |
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wood – forest |
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refuse – agree |
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provide – supply |
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sense – feeling |
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arrange – organise |
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declare – put forward |
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10 |
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destroy – restore |
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expect – wait |
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disaster – catastrophe |
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wish – want |
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W.7.3. Укажите индекс соответствий |
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Ex. |
e) |
adopt a law |
a) |
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здравый смысл |
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1) |
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additional information |
b) |
получить высшее образование |
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2) |
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public opinion |
c) |
общественное мнение |
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3) |
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obtain a higher education |
d) |
поддерживать программу |
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4) |
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support a programme |
e) |
принять закон |
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5) |
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science fiction and poetry |
f) |
обеспечивать торговлю |
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6) |
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reliable candidate |
g) |
разнообразные сельхозкультуры |
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7) |
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carry out an investigation |
h) |
дополнительная информация |
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8) |
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prevent a disaster |
i) |
надежный кандидат |
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waste of time |
j) |
потеря времени |
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10) |
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provide trade |
k) |
предотвратить бедствие |
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11) |
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common sense |
l) |
научная фантастика и поэзия |
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various crops |
m) |
проводить исследование |
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W.7.4. Используя слово в конце строки, образуйте подходящее по смыслу производное слово, пропущенное в этой же строке. Выпишите образованные слова в соответствии с указанными в тексте номерами
EARLY NUMBERS
Human history has many _____ (1) that early nations had similar ideas |
prove |
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for many things. At first, they all _____ (2) words for numbers, and later – letters |
user |
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of their alphabets. This method of writing ____ (3) was characteristic of early |
numberless |
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Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, Slavs, and Arabs. But, it was too _____ (4), and |
difficulty |
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sometimes _____ (5) to write and use large numbers. |
possible |
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In the IV century BC the Indians _____ (6) quite a new method of writing |
inventor |
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numbers. It was clever and very easy, and soon went around the ____ (7) world |
civilisation |
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of that time. Isn’t it a paradox, that people still call Indian numbers _____ (8)? |
Arab |
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The _____ (9) of ancient units is given in the table below. The very |
systematic |
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numbers which made the _____ (10) of early man much easier, are on the left. |
life |
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6 |
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2 |
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7 |
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8 |
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W.7.5. Образуйте существительные от глаголов с помощью суффиксов. Переведите существительные на английский язык
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-ation |
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Ex. |
explore |
exploration |
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исследование |
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a) |
observe |
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b) |
form |
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c) |
consider |
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d) |
transport |
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e) |
organise |
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-ment |
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Ex. |
equip |
equipment |
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оборудование |
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a) |
move |
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b) |
require |
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c) |
pay |
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d) |
manage |
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e) |
measure |
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-ence |
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Ex. |
benefit |
beneficence |
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благотворительность |
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a) |
depend |
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b) |
exist |
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c) |
differ |
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d) |
confide |
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e) |
excel |
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-ance |
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Ex. |
resist |
resistance |
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сопротивление |
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a) |
appear |
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b) |
perform |
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c) |
assist |
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d) |
attend |
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e) |
assure |
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W.7.6. В текст, приведенный ниже, впишите слова, подходящие по смыслу. Переведите текст письменно
movement, radiation, exploration, measurement, cooperation, equipment, formation, observation, explorers
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TITLE: THE ICE CONTINENT НАЗВАНИЕ:
Antarctica is the least known part of our planet. The
___________________________ (1) of Antarctica is very difficult because it is a land of cold summers, winds and snowstorms. However, many
_____________________________ (2) from different countries are working here in contact and
___________________________ (3). Special ___________________ (4)
is used to make ___________________
(5) and study different phenomena from land, ships and air: intensity of cosmic
_______________________ (6), nature of the earth’s magnetic field. Studies are also made of the thickness of ice, its
____________________________ (7) and the speed of its
____________________ (8).
In future scientists will be exploring
Antarctica and making
_______________________ (9) that will be of great practical importance.
РАЗДЕЛ 2. ГРАММАТИКА (GRAMMAR)
G.7.1. Впишите глаголы в форме настоящего совершенного времени. Переведите предложения устно
Ex. 
We have lived (live) in this city since 1984.
1 English _____________ (become) the number one language in business and communication.
As London _________________ (grow) the population _______________ (move) out from
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the centre.
____________ you ever ______________ (wonder) how the first aborigines got to
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Australia?
4 Smoking ________________ always ________________ (be) a cause of many diseases.
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________________ you ever _______________ (hear) of or _____________ (read) «Gone
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with the Wind»?
6 How many countries ____________ you ________________ (be) to?
The Americans _________________ (contribute) to many art forms, but jazz is the only art
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form that was created in the United States.
8 _______________ William ever ______________ (see) a tornado?
______________ you ____________ (hear) of London’s Fleet Street, the centre of the
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newspaper industry?
10 We _______________ (do) all of that work finally.
G.7.2. Используя глаголы, приведенные в скобках, и поставив их в соответствующую форму, восстановите текст. Впишите глагольные формы в текст
WHAT EVERY AMERICAN KNOWS
«Uncle Sam» is the famous symbol of the US government. He ___________________ (1)
(to appear) in magazines, newspapers and TV for the last 150 years.
During the War of 1812 against England a man named Samuel Wilson
_____________________ (2) (to sell) meat to the army. He __________ (3) (to be) a very friendly man. Everybody loved him and called him Uncle Sam.
There ________________ (4) (to be) two large letters «U» and «S» stamped on the boxes of meat which ______________ (5) (to go) to the army. The abbreviation __________________ (6)
(to mean): «for the United States». One day some government inspectors __________________ (7)
(to arrive). They asked a worker what the «US» __________________ (8) (to mean). As a joke, the workers __________________ (9) (to answer) that these letters _______________ (10) (to be) the first letters of his boss’s name, Uncle Sam. The joke _______________ (11) (to be) a great success, and became very popular in the Army. The soldiers ________________ (12) (to begin) to say that their food _______________ (13) (to send) by Uncle Sam. «Uncle Sam» became a symbol of the
US government. Soon there _______________ (14) (to be) drawings of Uncle Sam in newspapers the world over.
The most famous picture ____________________ (15) (to date) back to the period of World War I. In the picture Uncle Sam ________________________________ (16) (to say) to men: «I want you for the US Army»!
G.7.3. Впишите глаголы в форме прошедшего простого или настоящего совершенного времени. Переведите предложения устно
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Britain has been (be) famous for its wool for centuries. |
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Each country _______________ (develop) its own culture: its religion, arts, form of |
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government and, of course, its own money. |
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In the nineteenth century there ___________(be) an industrial revolution in Europe. |
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I __________ always ____________ (want) to travel around the world. |
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Fifty years ago, space stations ___________________ (seem) impossible. |
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There _________________ (be) many catastrophes in the history of the twentieth-century |
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travel and transport. |
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In 1896 Henry Ford __________________ (build) his first car. |
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British Parliament _________________ (meet) at Westminster since the thirteenth century. |
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Henry ________________ (have) five different jobs since he graduated from the University. |
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I ____________ never _____________ (fly) across the Atlantic Ocean. |
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_______________ you ____________ (have) a good holiday last year? |
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G.7.4. Впишите в предложения глаголы в нужной форме. Переведите предложения письменно
Has anybody asked (ask) Peter? Ex.
Кто-нибудь задал вопрос Питеру?
English ________________ (take) thousands of words from other European languages.
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500 years ago most people ___________________ (die) before the age of 40.
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The twenty-first century doctors ___________________________ (use) lasers, not scalpels.
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Heathrow ___________________ (be) London’s biggest airport.
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I _______________ never _______________ (be) interested in agriculture.
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Computer science __________________ (develop) at a great speed.
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The Earth _________________ (go) round the Sun.
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When _________________ (be) you in New York last time?
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Mike ________________ already ________________ (refuse) to organise the faculty’s football team.
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G.7.5. Используя предлоги, приведенные в рамке (в скобках после предлога указано, сколько раз используется данный предлог в тексте), восстановите текст
about (3), for (3), in (2), with (1), of (5), to (2)
ANCIENT COSMETICS
Ancient people knew a lot ____________ (1) bacteria. They knew that these organisms are responsible ____________ (2) diseases, and that they can help people, too. Some publications say that ____________ (3) prehistoric times men and women tried to look better than they really were.
____________ (4) this they used facial milk masks, made ____________ (5) the help
____________ (6) different bacteria, and some natural products. The matter ____________ (7) the masks was a great mystery ____________ (8) outsiders.
But it is no longer a mystery today. Chinese and Egyptian texts, which survived five thousand years, speak ____________ (9) it ____________ (10) detail. The texts have the names
____________ (11) the men responsible ____________ (12) the beauty ____________ (13) the kings, and rich people, too. Thanks _______(14) these letters we learned ____________ (15) the origin ____________ (16) cosmetics.
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G.7.6. Впишите глаголы в форме прошедшего совершенного времени. |
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Переведите предложения устно |
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I was sorry that I hadn’t been (be) nicer to Fred. |
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Before 1959, no one _______________ (see) the «dark» side of the Moon. |
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The Chinese _____________________ (invent) printing, but Gutenberg discovered the most |
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practical way to use it. |
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Florence _____________________ (be) a centre of art for more than 200 years before |
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Michelangelo was here. |
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My friend told me she ______________________ (work) in Kansas. |
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None of us came to the faculty meeting because John __________________ (forget) to tell |
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about it. |
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It was such an unusual hobby that I __________ never ___________ (hear) of. |
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7 |
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Ann couldn’t find the book that I _________________________ (give) her earlier. |
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8 |
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After I ______________________________ (graduate) from the University, I worked for an |
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American firm. |
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The lecture _________________________ (start) when I arrived. |
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G.7.7. Впишите глаголы в форме простого прошедшего или прошедшего совершенного времени. Переведите предложения устно
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Seismology, |
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of earth’s movements, |
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a science only in |
the |
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nineteenth century when special instruments were invented. |
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Between 1850 and 1900 a complete transport revolution ______________________ (begin). |
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By 1960 cars and planes _______________________________ (make) long-distance travel |
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a possibility for millions of people. |
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When I _________________________ (return) from my travelling to Canada my friend |
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asked me what I __________________ (like) most there. |
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The show _____________already____________(begin) when we _______________ (come) |
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to the theatre. |
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Henry __________________________ (be) away for some months before the first letter |
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_________________ (come). |
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It was my first time in a plane. I __________________________ (be) very nervous because |
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I ___________________________________ (not fly) before. |
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G.7.8. Впишите глаголы в форме пассивного залога настоящего или прошедшего |
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Ex. |
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Over 65 million copies of the Guinness Book of Records have been sold (sell) since it first |
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In the past, spacecrafts ___________________________________ (use) only once, but the |
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shuttle changed all that. |
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Many important scientific experiments __________________________________ (carry out) |
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Lasers ____________________________________ (use) in eye operations since the 1960s. |
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the oceans and |
seas |
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4____________________________ (make) of fresh water which gradually became salty as the rivers washed salt and other chemicals into the seas.
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Britain and the Continent _________________________________________ (separate) by the English Channel for thousands of years.
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National strategy for health ________________________________________ (develop) for the four countries of Britain: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
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New places for fishing ______________________________________ (discover) in the Indian Ocean.
G.7.9. Используя глаголы, приведенные в скобках, и поставив их в соответствующую форму, восстановите текст. Впишите глагольные формы в текст
THE WEEKEND
In about fifteen hundred AD one day in the week _______________________ (1) (to give) to the service of God. The people were free from work on that day and went to church. This day was Sunday and it ________________________________ (2) (to call) a «holy day» were originally
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