Exercises

Ex. 31 Define the following terms in Russian and translate these definitions into English.

• Эксплуатационная колонна (Productioncasing)

• Хвостовик(Liner)

• Открытый ствол (Openhole)

• Циркуляция скважины (Wellcirculation)

• Техническая вода (Technicalwater)

• Затрубное пространство(Annulus)

• НКТ (Насосно-Компрессорные Трубы)(Tubing)

• Гидростатическое давление (Hydrostaticpressure)

• Пластовое давление (Formationpressure)

• Свабирование(Swabbing)

• Тартальная капса (Swabbingcup)

• Тартальный канат(Sandline)

• Тартальная задвижка (Swabbingvalve)

• Обводненность (Watercut)

• Каплеобразователь (Coalescingplate)

Ex. 32 Find incorrect statements and correct them.

1. Swabbing is conducted before an acid job to stimulate formation and thus increase acidpenetration.

2. The swabbing cup is piped which allows to put it on the no-go and take it off for renewal in case ofwear-out.

3. Lubricator is used to lubricate swabbing equipment mechanisms with grease containing init.

4. Separator is a device to separate wells from each other when theyflow.

5. From the well When fluid enters a separator, the incoming gas is burnt inside the separator in order not to pollute outsideareas.

6. Effective separation fully depends on the size of the surface for the drop formation.

Ex. 33 Answer the questions in English.

1. What isswabbing?

2. Why should tech water left in the well be removed byswabbing?

3. What swabbing equipment do youknow?

4. What is the purpose of alubricator?

5. What well performance operations can youname?

6. What do they use separatorsfor?

7. What 3 shapes of separators do youknow?

8. What are two-phase and three-phaseseparators?

9. Which 2 factors are essential forseparation?

10. Why should oil and gas coming out of the separator be clean of each other?

Ex. 34 Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. Well fluids must be separated into oil, gas and water and each of them must bemeasured.

2. In the early days of the oil industry, separators were not used. The production from wells was discharged directly into storage tanks. Although this resulted in separation of the liquids and gases, the practice was both wasteful anddangerous.

3. The separators were developed to reduce such waste and the danger of fire andexplosion.

4. The equipment used to separate the liquids from the gases is referred to as a separator.

5. The simplest form of an oil and gas separator is a small tank in which the force of gravity is used to separate the oil andgas.

6. Oil, being heavy compared to the gas, falls to the bottom of the tank from which it goes into storage tanks. Gas, being lighter, rises to the top of the tank and goes from there into a gas-gatheringsystem.

Ex. 35 Fill in the gaps with given words and word combinations:

Single tube, design, centrifugal action, inlet, stock tanks, chamber, forces,gravity, swirl cylinder, outlet, float, separate, double tube, baffle, liquid reservoir, tubes.

In a vertical Separator the mixture of oil andgasenters ,whereitgiven a swirling motion by aspiralinlet in the separator spaceor

. At this point therearetwo tendingto theoilfrom gas. The first is theeffectof ; the secondisthe ,whichcauses the heavy oil particles to collect on the walls of the separator. Gas, which still contains some oil, rises through chamber and thenentersthe and oildrainsthrough to the bottom of separator. The gasthenpassesthrough another chamber and leaves the separatorthroughgas . Theoilisregulatedbya and control valve, so liquid covers the drain tubesand theoiloutlet.

Separators of horizontal type are also common; and, although of different

, they have the same uses as the vertical separator.Thereare and separators. Horizontal separators of the two tube designare oftenused. The unit is made if two horizontal tubes mounted one above the other. The liquids fall through the first connecting flow pipeintothe ,whichoccupiesthelowerportionofthebottomtube.Oil,separatedfromgas,goesto

. Gas leaves the separator through the gasoutlet.