5) Here are some of the ways in which a word processor can help a student. Which of them do you think could be useful to you?

• change the spelling of words;

• modify the order of words, sentences or paragraphs;

• replace single words in a sentence, or single sentences in a paragraph;

• change punctuation, and from capital to small letters or vice versa;

• change, e.g. all the verbs or the subjects in a text;

• produce new copies of the same text;

• save texts (e. g. exercises, compositions, notes) for later use;

• number the pages of an essay or project;

- underline words and phrases. 16

Now tick () the purposes for which you think a student could most profitably use a word processor:

to write compositions, essays, dialogues, etc. to keep, review and update notes to make extra copies of notes, exercises, etc. to store exercises after doing them to enter and store new exercises to compare old and new versions of the same exercise to produce and arrange vocabulary lists to highlight specific grammar points (e.g. word order in affirmative and interrogative sentences, verb tenses, etc.) other (please specify:—— )

In which situations could a computer be more useful than an ordinary notebook?

6) Word processors and computers in general can help you in many other different ways:

Have you ever tried using a computer in one of these ways? Do you think a student could benefit from any of these computer applications?

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7) Summarize the text. Make use of the activ words and word-combinations.

8) Expand the following ideas:

1. It is true that the first computers were only institutional.

2. It is commonly known that there are different types of computers

3. The component parts of a computer are: a keyboard, a monitor, a processor, a mouse, etc.

4. It is quite clear that applications of computers cover all fields of human activity.

Unit 2

Computer System. I Pre-reading tasks:

1) Answer the following questions:

1, What component parts of a computer do you know?

2 What are the common methods of inputting information?

3, What devices are used for outputting information?

4. Is it enough to have a monitor, a system block and a keyboard to

telecommunicate?

5, Where can one buy a computer?

6. What is necessary to know to buy a computer?. 7. What is written in the price lists?

2) Words to watch:

hardware

software

brainware

machinery

to perform

manual

listing

consumer

to requir

device

to consist

to set up

datum (pl. data)

to provide

аппаратное обеспечение

програмное обеспечение

знания, мозговое (умственное)

обеспечение

механизм

выполнять

руководство

распечатка программы

потребитель

нуждаться, требовать

устройство

состоять

устанавливать

данная величина

обеспечивать

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to edit

to differ

access

optional

to retrieve

display/monitor

mini/midi/maxi tower

screen

keyboard

mouse

PC stereo speakers

modem

scanner

printer

external disk drive

(ZIP-drive)

hard disk (HDD)

CD-ROM drive

floppy-disk drive

mouse pad/mat processor RAM (Random Access Memory) motherboard sound card port

редактировать

различаться

доступ

дополнительный

отыскивать

дисплей/монитор (устройство

изображения)

системный блок (мини/миди/макси)

экран

алфавитно-цифровая клавиатура

мышь

колонки

модем

сканер

принтер

автономный дисковод

жесткий диск (винчестер)

CD-ROM дисковод

накопитель на гибком (FDD)

магнитном диске

коврик для мыши

процессор

память с произвольным

доступом (оперативная память)

материнская плата

звуковая карта

порт (спец. разъем для подключения

устройств)

II Reading tasks: 1) Read the text.

"Computer system".

What is a computer system? It is a combination of hardware elements with software elements and brainware.

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Computer= Hardware + Software

+ Brainware

The main function of a computer system is to process data.

The hardware elements are the machinery and the electronics that perform phisical functions. Any computer system requires 3 basic hardware components: a monitor, a system block and peripheral

devices.

The most noticeable part of a computer is a monitor (a display or a screen). The monitors can be of 2 kinds: a cathode-ray tube or

liquid-crystal display.

The standard of modern monitors is SVGA. The system block consists of a motherboard, a place where microcircuits are set up, a processor, which is the brain of any computer, storage medium or memory. Memory is a common definition of several storage media. They differ from each other in physical principles of storing information, in the speed of access to the data, in the construction and ways of usage. Usually operative memory (RAM, ROM, CASHE) and disk memory (hard disk, floppy disk, CD-ROM) are pointed out. HDD or Winchester is a place where all the information is kept, not being used at the moment, but which can be kept for a long time, even when the computer is switched off.

Peripheral devices are categorized as input/output (I/O) devices because their functions are to provide information (input) to the computer: a keyboard, a mouse and switches, - accept information (output) from the computer: a printer, - or do both: terminals and

storage devices.

Optional peripheral devices are added to a computer system according to the specific needs of the system users: graphics display hardware, an oscilloscope device, an analog-to-digital converter, modem, scanner, multimedia, joystick...

The software elements are programs written for the system.

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The main computer specifications are: speed which is measured in megaherts, or millions of cycles per second; amount of memory, measured in bits and bytes. Bit is the minimum of accepted

information. 1 Byte equals 8 bits.