I. PHONETICS

1. Прочитайте слова. Обратите внимание на чтение выделенных

буквосочетаний.

quantity quality adequate require requirement

cell certain excessive acid

energy digestion dangerous

II. READING

1. Прочитайте текст. Ответьте на вопрос: What is the meaning of the word

‘diet’?

KEY WORDS: protein, fat, carbohydrate,

adequate, excessive

The food we eat is called our diet. All the constituents of food – protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals – are present in adequate quantities in a normal balanced diet. There is no need to eat excessive quantities of one or the other. Overeating is dangerous to health as the body only requires a certain amount of energy. Food eaten in excess of the body’s energy requirements is stored in the form of fat and thus increases body weight. This is potentially dangerous to health as it puts an extra strain on the heart and arteries, resulting in high blood pressure and heart failure.

Thus all the food we eat undergoes digestion by enzymes, which turns it into amino acids, fatty acids, glucose, vitamins and minerals. Only when it is in this form it can be absorbed into the blood and utilized by the body cells.

2. Прочитайте текст еще раз. Найдите в тексте и выпишите следующие

слова и словосочетания.

1. составные части,

2. присутствовать,

3. количество (2),

4. переедание,

5. сверх потребностей организма,

6.увеличивать вес тела,

7. привести к (2),

8. превращать в.

3. Подставьте пропущенные слова.

For life to continue, the body requires fuel in the form of oxygen and 1) ..................... . 2) ...................... provides oxygen. Our food, however, cannot be 3) ................... in the form it is eaten. It must be specially 4) .................... by the body before it can be of any use. This special processing is known as 5) .................... . It is brought about by the action on the food of certain substances called 6) ................... which are made by the body and 7) ....................... with the food during its passage through the body.

source mixed food contained processed enzymes products respiration digestion utilized

4. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Организму для функционирования необходима энергия.

2. Пища должна быть переварена для потребления ее организмом.

3. Кроме белков, углеводов и жиров пища содержит витамины и минеральные вещества.

4. Жир является дополнительным источником энергии.

5. Многие продукты питания содержат в себе большое количество воды.

6. Постоянное переедание приводит к болезням сердечнососудистой системы.

III. GRAMMAR

УКАЗАТЕЛЬНЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ

Указательные местоимения this (этот, это, эта) и these (эти) используют для называния объектов, которые находятся близко к говорящему.

Give me this book, please!

These boys are my brothers.

Местоимения that (тот, то, та) и those (те) используют для называния объектов, которые находятся на расстоянии от говорящего.

We lived in that house.

Those books are not mine.

ВОПРОСИТЕЛЬНЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ

Задавая вопросы мы обычно используем следующие вопросительные местоимения:

О людях	О вещах, действиях, животных	О месте	О времени	О количе стве	Об образе действия	О причине
who whose which (... of ...)	what which (... of ,,,)	where	when how long what time how often	how much how many	how	why

Who met you there?

Whose boots are these?

How long should we wait here?

How many children have they got?

DETERMINERS

Местоимение whole имеет значение «целый; весь целиком». Оно обычно употребляется с существительным в единственном числе и всегда имеет либо какой-нибудь артикль, либо притяжательное прилагательное.

She has lived her whole life in Scotland.

Jack was so hungry, he ate a whole packet of biscuits.

С существительными, означающими период времени, может употребляться как all, так и whole. В этом случае они оба имеют значение «весь, с начала до конца».

We spent all day / the whole day on the beach.

Whole не употребляется с неисчисляемыми существительными. В этом случае используется местоимение all.

I’ve spent all the money you gave me.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

1. Назовите нарисованные объекты с помощью указательных местоимений.

a) ............... car

b) ............... shoes

c) ............... boy

d) ............... coat

e) ............... chairs

f) ................ men

g) ............... women

h) ............... book

2. Задайте вопросы к картинкам и дайте на них ответы.

1. What’s this? – It’s .................... .

2. What’s that? – It’s ..................... .

3. What’s .................... ? – It’s ..................... .

4...........................................................

5. .........................................................

6. .........................................................

3. Выберите правильный вариант.

1. This / These is my photo. It’s Uma Turman.

2. A.: Is this / these your file?

B.: No, it isn’t. That is / Those are my file. It’s green.

3. This is / These are my friend Britt, and that is / these are her pictures.

4. This isn’t / These aren’t your pencils. They are mine.

5. That isn’t / Those aren’t my bag. It’s yours.

6. A.: Are this / these your CDs?

B.: No. That is / Those are my CDs in that / those bag.

4. Перепишите предложения, используя местоимение whole.

1. I read the book from beginning to end. ......................................

2. Everyone in the team played well. The .....................................

3. Paul opened a box of chocolates. When he finished eating, there were no chocolates left in the box. He ate .............................

4. The police came to the house. They were looking for something. They searched everywhere, every room. They ..............................

5. Ann worked from early in the morning until late in the evening. .............................

6. Everyone in Dave and Judy’s family plays tennis. Dave and Judy play, and so do all their children. The ...............................

7. Jack and Jill went on holiday to the seaside for a week. It rained from the beginning of the week to the end. It ...............................

I. Phonetics

1. Прочитайте слова.

carbohydrate complex contain

sure sugar ensure essential

acid cell concentrate

store absorb stalk trauma

nutrition insulation undernutrition immune

II. LEXICS

1. Подставьте пропущенные слова.

absorbed amino acid amounts balanced bioavailable

cellulose cereals energy fish flavor haemoglobin

healing insulation intake iodine lost minerals

protect pulses riboflavin starches stored undernutrition

A (1) ...................... diet contains all the necessary substances required by body cells. There can be adverse effects from overeating as well as from (2) ...................... .

A varied diet is the best way to ensure an adequate (3) ........................ of all the essential nutrients. The essential nutrients are water, carbohydrate, protein, lipid, vitamins and (4) ...................... .

Carbohydrates are the main source of (5) ......................... . They comprise sugars, (6) ...................... and complex polysaccharides. Fruit and vegetables provide carbohydrate but leaves and stalks can be indigestible because they contain more (7) .......................... .

The component (8) ........................ of protein are essential for structural maintenance, physiological regulation and energy supply. High quality protein which is easily digested and (9) ..................... is found in meat, eggs, milk and fish and (10) ...................... (beans, peas, lentils etc.).

Lipids provide concentrated energy and are used by the body to store energy. They provide (11) ...................... under the skin, (12) ...................... major organs from trauma and are required for effective neural function. They give food aroma and (13) ....................... , increase palatability and give a feeling of satiety.

Only small (14) ........................... of vitamins are required. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed from the small intestine and are found in (15) .................... and plant oils. They can be (16) ......................... in the liver and adipose tissue. Water-soluble vitamins are easily (17) ......................... from the body. Vitamin B complex includes thiamine,

(18) ....................... and nicotinic acid. Foods providing these include (19) ...................... (wheat, rye) yeast, milk and eggs.

There many minerals that are essential for health, but iron, (20) ...................... , and zinc are the most significant. Zinc is involved in enzyme reactions and is important during periods of growth and wound (21) ...................... . It is found in animal products. Iron is a major compound of (22) ...................... and is important in enzyme processes and in the immune response. Iron is found in most foods but must be in (23) .......................... form.

2. Ответьте на вопросы, используя упражнение.

1. What does our diet consist of?

2. What is the main source of proteins?

3. What role does lipid play?

4. Where can we take carbohydrates from?