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Предлоги места

on – на

in – в, на

at – у, в, на

near – около

over – над

under – под

between – между

among – среди

behind – за

across – вдоль, через

in front of – перед

through – через, сквозь

on the desk, on the wall

in the room, in the street

at the window, at the meeting

near the door, near the wall

over the table, over the sofa

under the table, under the bed

between two chairs, between the doors

among the students, among them

behind the house, behind the tree

across the street, across the river

in front of the house, in front of the column

through the window, through the glass

Предлоги направления

to – к, на, в

towards – в направлении, к

from – от, из, с

into – в (внутрь)

out of – из (изнутри)

off – с (со), от

to the library, to the South,

to the park

towards the forest, towards

the house

from the table, from work

into the room, into the box

out of the house, out of the

drawer

off the table, off the wall

Предлоги времени

on – в

in – в, через

at – в, у

by – к

from...till – от(с) ...до

since – с

for – в течение

during – во время

before – до (перед)

after – после

till (until) – до

between – между

on Sunday, on the tenth of February

in two days, in September

at 7 o'clock, at noon

by 3 o'clock, by noon

from early morning till late at night

since 5 o'clock, since midnight

for an hour, for ages

during the lecture, during the break

before the bell, before winter

after the break, after classes

till May, till the end of the year

between one and two o'clock

Примечание: От перечисленных выше следует отли­чать случаи так называемого несвободного, фиксирован­ного употребления предлогов в том или ином сочетании слов: on duty – дежурный, ответственный, on foot – пешком, а также широкое употребление послелогов, т.е. предлогов, обязательных для ряда глаголов и стоящих после них (to be interested in – интересоваться чем-либо, to be responsible for – отвечать за и т.д.). Такие слова следует запоминать.

Упражнения

1. Переведите следующие предложения сначала на русский язык, а затем снова на английский, уделяя внимание употреблению предлогов

1. Не went to Moscow. They will go to the South in a week. She goes to work by bus. 2. They stayed at home in the evening. I stayed at the entrance of the theatre. He stayed at the hotel. 3. I was born on the first of May. 4. Our lessons begin at six o'clock in the evening. 5. The child fell on the floor and began crying. 6. He took the picture off the wall. 7. He looked through the window. 8. She traveled by train (bus, plane). 9. We went for a walk. 10. He worked at the post office. 11. We turned round the corner. 12. We passed over the bridge. 13. Would you like to sit in front? 14. She walked along the street. 15. The bus stopped and we got off. 16. He traveled about many countries of the world.