4.7.Прочитайте текст. Найдите ответы на вопросы:

1.What makes the car move?

2.How many cylinders do most automobile engines have?

3.What is a stroke?

4.What are the four strokes?

Переведите последний абзац.

The engine is a source of power that makes the car move. It is usually called an internal combustion engine because gasoline is burned in the cylinders of combustion chambers. Most automóbile engines have six or eight cylinders.

The operating cycle of the four-stroke engine that takes place in the engine cylinder can be devided into four strokes. The upper limit of the piston movement is called a top dead centre. The lower limit of a piston movement from the top dead centre is called a bottom dead centre. The stroke is a piston movement from the top dead centre to the bottom dead centre, or from the bottom dead centre to the top dead one. That is, the piston completes a stroke each time it changes the direction of its motion.

If the entire cycle of events in the cylinder requires four strokes (two crankshaft revolutions), the engine is called a four stroke (or a four cycle) one. The four strokes (cycles) are intake, compression, power and exhaust. In two cycle engines the entire cycle of events is completed in two strokes or one revolution of the crankshaft.

On the intake stroke the intake valve is opened. The mixture of air and vaporized gasoline is delivered into the cylinder through the inlet valve. On the compression stroke the inlet valve is closed, the mixture is compressed. On the power stroke the both valves (inlet and exhaust) are closed in order to rise pressure during the mixture combustion. On the exhaust stroke the exhaust valve is opened to exhaust the residual gas.

Unit 5. Tires.

5.1.Активная лексика

аffordable недорогой, приемлемый/доступный по цене

attach прикреплять, присоединять

discover [diskᴧ́vә] открывать

durable [djúәrәbl] прочный

fragile [frǽʤail] хрупкий, ломкий, непрочный

heat жар, высокие температуры

improve улучшать

infuse примешивать, вливать

invent изобретать

mold формовать, отливать

pneumatic [nju:mǽtik] пневматический

rayon искусственный шелк, вискоза

resistance сопротивление

rim обод

rough [rᴧf] грубый, неровный, тряский (о езде)

rubber резина

solid массивный, твердый, жесткий

tire шина

wear (wore, worn) out изнашиваться

5.2.Прочитайте слова, соблюдая правила чтения гласных в открытом и закрытом слоге.

Under, date, flat, bicycle, much, open, nylon, global, progress, hundred,

mile, use, event, type, shake, dry, rim, truck, span, trade, style, pump, pipe, rubber, infuse, invent, inlet, intake, valve, close, upper, frame, brakes, bumpеr, same, life, size, soft, time, rule, luck, rake, hoe, skype.

5.3.Прочитайте слова и сформулируйте правила чтения буквы с.

[k]: connect, clutch, cool, consist, include, basical, electric, lubricate, car, contain, carry, can, cardan, function, call, crank, ecónomy, vulcanization;

quick, lock, clock, back, block, track, pack, black, picker, crack, cocktail.

[s]: cycle, cylinder, place, space, recent, race, service, force, resistance, centre, bicycle, produce, decide, process, receive, cereal, success, face.