Прочитайте и запомните следующие идиомы:

Clip sb’s wings — to limit someone’s freedom or power.

One-horse town — a place with few comforts and activities; a dull rural town.

Have your cake end eat it too — to spend or use something up but still have it; to have two things when you must choose one.

Go to the dogs — to decline in looks or health; to be ruined or destroyed; to ruin oneself.

Buy a pig in a poke — to buy something without seeing or examining it.

Lesson 20

Modals III.

Конструкции с модальными глаголами могут использоваться в следующих ситуациях:

чтобы попросить совета:

— Shall I take the exam now or wait till later?

— Should I go by car or by bus?

— Would you accept the job if you were me?

чтобы дать совет:

— You should get your hair cut.

— You should have had to drink less.

— You ought to use a dictionary.

— You ought to have revised a bit more.

попросить об услуге:

— Can/Could I ask you to do me a favor?

— Would you do me a favor? (более вежливо)

— Would you help me carry this bag?

— May I use your telephone?

— Will you please be quiet in here.

выразить готовность сделать что-то, предложить помощь, подать идею:

— Shall I help you clear the room?

— Can I give you a hand with your luggage?

— Would you like a lift to the railway station?

— Shall we open the window?

— We can stay in tonight if you like.

дать разрешение или отказать:

— You can have the day off.

— You can’t borrow my car tonight, because I need it.

— Could I leave the office early today?

— You may register for the exam until the end of September. (более официально)

Practice:

1. Прочитайте описание ситуации и задайте подходящие вопросы, пользуясь Shall I … или Shall we … .

1. Tomorrow is your husband’s/wife’s birthday and you don’t know what to present him/her with. Ask your friend for advice.

What … .

2. You’ve just seen a bag in a shop. You are not sure whether to buy it or not. Ask your friend for advice.

3. You and your family haven’t decided what to have for dinner. You say … .

4. Your boss wants you to call him/her up. You don’t know what time to call up. Ask him/her.

What … .

5. You’re going out. But there is a strong possibility that it will rain and you aren’t sure whether to take an umbrella or not. Ask your friend for advice.

6. You and your husband/wife are going to a restaurant. You haven’t decided whether to go by car or on foot. You say … .

2. Ответьте на вопросы, используя глагол needn’t.

Model: — Shall I do the shopping now?

— No, you needn’t. You can do it later.

1. — Shall I type this advertisement now?

— No, … . You … later.

2. — Shall I clean the flat today?

— No, … . You … tomorrow.

3. — Shall I go to the bank this morning?

— No, … . You … this afternoon.

3. Задайте вопросы к следующим ситуациям:

Model: — You want to borrow your friend’s camera. What do you say to him/her?

— Could I borrow your camera?

1. You have a car and you want to give your mother-in -law a lift. What do you say?

Can I ______________________________________?

2. You have to go to the railway station but you don’t know how to get there. Ask a passer-by.

Could you__________________________________?

3. You are at an interview. You want to smoke a cigarette.

May I______________________________________?

4. You want to invite your cousin to stay with you for the weekend.

Would you like_______________________________?

5. You want to leave work early because you have some important things to do. Ask a permission.

Mr. Goldsmith, do you think I______________________________?

6. Your neighbour is listening to loud rock music. Ask him politely to turn it down.

Do you think you____________________________?