5. Agreement between the subject and the predicate. The subject (simple, phrasal, pronoun, homogeneous)

agreement between the subj and the predicate refers to the way in which the verb has an appropriate form to the number and person of the subject. Firstly we should identify subject in a sent. Subject may be 1simple(nounal), 2phrasal, 3pronoun, 4homogenius. 1.SS may be represented by a) invariable nouns: inv.sing.nouns teke sing.verbs(they usually denote different substances , abstract notions names of games, deseases) E.g Ice melts. Happiness is the best doctor.b) invariable pl.nouns takes a pl.verbs(they can denote group of individuals(police, gentry), smth which consists of 2 parts, proper names, Highlands are home to many species of animals. c)nouns ends with –s may take either sin.or pl. verbs depending on the context(riches, belongings, savings) Sometimes even riches have poor souls. d) some nouns may take pl. or sing. Verbs and the context mean the same. TV is a means of communication. The means you’re using are reasonable. PhrSubj. quots, names of titles take sing.verb, numerical expressions of addition, division take sing.verb.(two and for is six),xpression of time, money, weight, amounts etc takes singverb (ten years is a long periode of time, if the subj. contains the number 1 it takes sing.verb. BUT: titles of collections of stories take both verbs( Canterbury Tales was/were…); if multiplication takes place we use plural(Twice two is six) ; the phrases where % is used –agreement with the noun head word(about 50% of the houses need repairs)

Pronoun Subject: universal pronouns( everybody, everyone, either, everything), negative pr., indefinite pr.(someone(body), anything(body), pronominal phrases takes singverb.(somebody is knocking at the door)BUT: none takes both pl&sing;

Both-plural; all, who, what, which-takes both depending on the context.

Homogeneous subject(subjects naming two or more items): cases of use plverb: and,both…and Jean and David are moving to Australia.

Or, either…or, neither…nor,not only…but also agree with the last item Neither you nor I am … Neither I nor you are…(proximity rule) Sentences with inversion – proximity rule.

6 Agreement between the subject and the predicate. The Predicate (transitive, intransitive, ditransitive and copular verbs)

agreement between the subj and the predicate refers to the way in which the verb has an appropriate form to the number and person of the subject. Firstly we should identify subject and predicate in a sent.

The predicate is rewild in different forms :1.transitive verbs (переходные)they show the connection between the verb and the following object without any preposition s when the object answer the questions Whom?What? E/g I see the building

2. Intransitive verbs denote actions that can involve only one person or thing

It is snowing

Sometimes one verb can be transitive and intransitive

She has given the books

Transitive verbs are divided into: monotransitive (take one object ) I can find you . And ditrensitive (take 2 object ) He gave me some flowers

Copulative verbs are used as link verbs . They expressed states. They may be : sensory (look, seem , feel )He seems offended. Situational (seem , appear , remain )

States can be change that’s why copular verbs are used to denote the change (He prove to be right )