
- •Plural of countable nouns
- •Irregular plurals
- •The possessive case of nouns
- •Nouns determiners
- •The noun in sentences
- •Pronouns
- •Possessive pronouns
- •Negative pronouns
- •Reflexive pronouns
- •Irregular forms
- •Comparative constructions
- •Order of adjectives
- •Adverbs
- •Formation of adverbs
- •Comparison of qualitative adverbs
- •Irregular forms
- •Fairy – quite – rather – pretty
- •Numerals
- •Functions of the numerals in the sentence
- •Fractional numerals Common Fractions
- •Decimal Fractions
- •Prepositions prepositions of place
- •Conjunctions
- •The functions of suburdinating conjunctions in the sentence
- •Verbs the tenses simple present
- •Simple past
- •Simple future
- •Present progressive
- •Past progressive
- •Future progressive
- •Present perfect
- •Past perfect
- •Future perfect
- •Present perfect progressive
- •Past perfect progressive
- •Future perfect progressive
- •The simple future in the past
- •The future progressive in the past
- •The future perfect in the past
- •The future perfect progressive in the past
- •Voice passive of the simple tenses
- •Passive of the perfect tenses
- •Passive of the progressive tenses
- •The verbals
- •The functions of the infinitive in the sentence
- •Forms of the present participle
- •The functions of the participle in the sentence
- •The gerund перевод герундия на русский язык
- •The functions of the gerund in the sentence
- •The modal verbs
- •May (might)
- •Should (outht to)
- •Simple sentences
- •Diredt word order in english statements
- •Exclamations
- •Questions
- •Imperatives
- •Compound sentences
- •Parts of the sentence subject
- •Compound predicate
- •Direct object
- •Indirect object
- •Attributes
- •Adverbials
NOUNS
Proper Nouns |
Common Nouns |
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Tim Baker Europe Great Britain London the Grand (Hotel) Oxford Street Penny Lane the Thames the British Museum the Daily News |
Countable Nouns |
Uncountable Nouns |
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a boy (two boys) a man (three men) a table (four tables) a city (ten cities) people scissors |
bread water love equality clothing furniture permission length |
cotton tea peace ignorance leisure equipment activity news |
Countable Nouns |
Uncountable Nouns |
a brick – кирпич (один) a chocolate – шоколадная конфета a fire – пожар, костер a grammar – грамматика (учебник) a hair – волосок an iron – утюг a justice – судья a light – огонек, лампа a paper – газета, документ a play – пьеса a time – раз a wood – лес a work of art – произведение искусства a glass, glasses – стакан, очки a grass – травинка |
brick – кирпич (строительный материал) chocolate – шоколад fire – огонь grammar – грамматика (наука) hair – волосы iron – железо justice – справедливость light – свет paper – бумага play – игра time – время wood – дерево (древесина) work – работа glass – стекло grass – трава |
They ordered three beers. – Они заказали три пива. (три кружки)
This is a very good coffee. – Это очень хороший кофе. (сорт кофе)
Buy me two cheeses. – Купите мне два сыра. (две упаковки, два сырка)
Plural of countable nouns
Singular number |
Plural number
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Основа + окончание -s
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a boy, a table, a trick, a whiff, a smith, a railway
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boys, tables, tricks, whiffs, smiths, railways
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Основа + окончание –es после –s, -ch, -tch, -sh, -ss, -x, -o
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a bench, a bus, a glass, a bush, a brush, a match, a box, a potato |
benches, buses, glasses, bushes, brushes, matches, boxes, potatoes
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Конечная буква –у (после согласной) меняется на -ies
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an army, a country, a fly, a lady
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armies, countries, flies, ladies
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Конечная буква –f(-fe) меняется на –ves
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a calf, a half, a knife, a leaf, a shelf, a wife, a wolf
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calves, halves, knives, leaves, shelves, wives, wolves
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Compound Nouns
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a manservant, a schoolgirl, a woman-teacher, a mother-in-law, a passer-by, a man-of-war, a forget-me-not |
menservants, schoolgirls, women-teachers, mothers-in-law, passers-by, men-of-war, forget-me-nots |
Irregular plurals
Singular number |
Plural number |
Изменяется корневая гласная, добавляется окончание –en
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a man, a woman, a foot, a tooth, a goose, a mouse, a louse, an ox, a child |
men, women, feet, teeth, geese, mice, lice, oxen, children |
Существительные, заимствованные из латыни, греческого и французского языков |
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a radius, a corpus, a formula, a bacterium, a crisis, a criterion, an index, a bureau |
radii (или radiuses), corpora, formulae (или formulas), bacteria, crises, criteria, indices, bureaux |
Одинаковая форма для единственного и множественного числа
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a deer, a sheep, a salmon, a trout, a cod, an aircraft, a spacecraft, a crossroads, a means, a series, a species, a works |
deer, sheep, salmon, trout, cod, aircraft, spacecraft, crossroads, means, series, species, works |
Special Cases |
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Only Singular number |
Only Plural number |
advice, information, news, measles, mumps physics, knowledge, furniture, luggage, gymnastics, athletics, bowls, billiards, dominoes, darts, draughts
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annals, archives, arms (weapons), belongings, clothes, cattle, poultry, scissors, dregs, earnings, wages, goods, trousers, binoculars, shorts, shoes, gloves, pyjamas, glasses, spectacles, earrings, socks, outskirts, premises, tights, remains, pliers, riches, surroundings, thanks, the tropics, whereabouts, people, police, stairs, (good)looks,
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