Conjunctions

COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Соединительные	and – и as well as – так же, как both…and – как…так и neither…nor – ни…ни not only…but also – не только…но и		that – что if – если whether – ли as – так как since – поскольку
Разделительные	or – или either…or – или…или than – чем or else – иначе; а не то		when – когда before – прежде чем though – хотя so that – чтобы
Противительные	but – но while – тогда как still – все же yet – тем не менее nevertheless – тем не менее		as if – как будто where – где unless – если не because – потому что after – после того как
Союзы причины, результата или следствия	for – ибо, поскольку so – так что thus – таким образом therefore – поэтому		until/till – до тех пор, пока (не) in order that – для того, чтобы

I saw neither Tim nor Ann. – Я не видел ни Тома, ни Энн.

Come on Saturday or Sunday. – Приходите в субботу или воскресенье.

I wish I could go but I am too busy. – Я хотел бы пойти, но очень занят.

Let’s wait, for it is raining. – Давайте подождем, поскольку идет дождь.

The functions of suburdinating conjunctions in the sentence

Subject Clauses	That spring comes after winter is a fact. or: It is a fact that spring comes after winter.
Predicative Clauses	It seems as if nothing has changed.
Object Clauses	Time will show if/whether I am right.
Adverbial Clauses:
Time Clauses	Have a cup of tea before you leave.
Clauses of Place	I hid it where nobody can find it.
Clauses of Manner	He did everything as he was told.
Clauses of Comparison	We went as fast as we could.
Clauses of Reason	He took a taxi because it was a long way.
Clauses of Purpose and Result	He gave me a lift so that I wouldn’t miss the train. The traffic was so heavy that he missed his train.
Clauses of Contrast	Although they drove fast, he missed the train.
Clauses of Condition	If you drive faster, we’ll get there in time. We’ll miss the train unless you drive faster.