- •1.1 Lead-in
- •1.2 Language input
- •1.2.2 Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column:
- •1.3 Background information Politology and Political Science
- •1.4 Comprehension
- •1.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers:
- •1.4.2 Scan the text to determine whether these statements are true (t) or false (f). With a partner, discuss why.
- •1.4.3 Write a paragraph on:
- •1.5 Practice
- •1.5.3 Read the text, ignoring the missing parts.
- •1.5.4 Look at the missing parts a-g and fit them in the gaps. There is one extra you don't need.
- •1.5.5 Scan the above texts and find the English equivalents for the following.
- •1.5.6 Do it in English:
- •1.5.8 Comment on the presentation given by your colleague. Make use of the points and helpful phrases given in Appendix 2.
- •1.6 Dialogue
- •Can the study of politics be scientific?
- •Politics as public affairs
- •History and development of political science
- •Indian Sub-Continent
- •1.7 Role play Studying politics
- •1.8 Grammar back up practice with nouns & their determiners Practice with Nouns
- •What kind of noun is it? Is it a countable or uncountable noun?
- •Is the form of a noun correct?
- •Practice with Articles, Demonstratives and other Determiners
- •When and where do we use determiners?
- •If the underlined word or words are used incorrectly, make correction.
- •2. Should the definite article “the” be used?
- •3. Which article should be used?
- •4. Are the demonstratives (“this”, ”that”, ”these”, ”those”) used correctly?
- •2.1 Lead-in
- •2.2 Language input
- •2.2.1 Consult a dictionary and practise the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, quote the sentences in which they are used in the text or submit the examples of your own:
- •2.2.2 Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column:
- •2.3 Background information Sociology and Social Science
- •2.4 Comprehension
- •2.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers:
- •2.4.2 Scan the text to determine whether these statements are true (t) or false (f). With a partner, discuss why.
- •2.4.3 Write a paragraph on:
- •2.5 Practice
- •2.5.3 Read the text, ignoring the missing parts.
- •2.5.4 Look at the missing parts a-g and fit them in the gaps. There is one extra you don't need.
- •2.5.5 Scan the three texts and find the English equivalents for the following.
- •2.5.6 Do it in English:
- •2.5.7 Use the plan and helpful phrases given in Appendix 1 to profile the subject of sociology, methods and techniques. Surf the Internet, find extra information and base your presentation on it.
- •2.5.8 Comment on the presentation given by your colleague. Make use of the points and helpful phrases given in Appendix 2.
- •2.6 Dialogue
- •What is scientific method?
- •Areas of sociology
- •British society
- •2.7 Role play Social groups
- •2.8 Grammar back up practice with verbs (I) Practice with the Present Simple and the Present Continuous
- •1. What does the Present Simple denote?
- •2. What does the Present Continuous denote?
- •Practice with the Past Simple and the Past Continuous
- •1. Is the past simple used correctly?
- •2. Is the past continuous used correctly?
- •3.1 Lead-in
- •3.2 Language input
- •Developing vocabulary
- •3.2.1 Consult a dictionary and practise the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, quote the sentences in which they are used in the text or submit the examples of your own.
- •3.2.2 Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column.
- •3.3 Background information Political Power and Governance Systems
- •3.4 Comprehension
- •3.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers.
- •3.4.2 Scan the text to determine whether these statements are true (t) or false (f). With a partner, discuss why.
- •3.4.3 Write a paragraph on:
- •3.5 Practice
- •Economic Power versus Political Power
- •3.5.3 Read the text, ignoring the missing parts.
- •Figure 1: Characteristics of good governance
- •3.5.4 Look at the missing parts a-g and fit them in the gaps.
- •3.5.5 Scan the above texts and find the English equivalents for the following.
- •3.5.6 Do it in English:
- •3.5.8 Comment on the presentation given by your colleague. Make use of the points and helpful phrases given in Appendix 2.
- •3.6 Dialogue
- •What is social order?
- •Government Creates Social Order?
- •The British Class System
- •3.7 Role play Political System, State and Government
- •3.8 Grammar back up practice with verbs (II) Practice with the Present Perfect
- •1. What kind of action does the Present Perfect form denote?
- •2. Do we use any particular words to modify the Present Perfect?
- •3. What words help us denote the period of action under consideration?
- •4. Should we use the Present Perfect or the Past Simple?
- •Complete the sentences using the Present Perfect of the verbs in brackets.
- •Give a short summary of what each of the speakers has said.
- •Practice with the Present Perfect Continuous
- •5. Should the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous be used?
- •Practice with the Past Perfect
- •1. What kind of action does the Past Perfect denote?
- •2. Are any words used to underline the meaning of the Past Perfect?
- •Practice with the Past Perfect Continuous
- •1. What kind of action does the Past Perfect Continuous denote?
- •2. Which tense is usually used with the verbs not admitting of the continuous form?
- •3. Which tense do we usually use with non-terminative verbs?
- •Practice with adjectives
- •1. What is the place of an adjective in English?
- •2. What is the order of adjectives when we use two or more adjectives together?
- •Practice with Comparatives and Superlatives
- •1. Is the comparative or superlative form correct?
- •2. Is the comparative or superlative used correctly?
- •3. Is the parallel comparison used correctly?
- •4.1 Lead-in
- •4.2 Language input
- •Developing vocabulary
- •4.2.1 Consult a dictionary and practise the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, quote the sentences in which they are used in the text or submit the examples of your own:
- •4.2.2 Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column:
- •4.3 Background information Social Structure and Social System
- •4.4 Comprehension
- •4.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers:
- •4.4.2 Scan the text to determine whether these statements are true (t) or false (f). With a partner, discuss why.
- •4.4.3 Write a paragraph on:
- •4.5 Practice
- •Living in a Social Class System – Upward Social Mobility
- •4.5.3 Read the text, ignoring the missing parts. Ascription and Achievement: England
- •4.5.4 Look at the missing parts a-l and fit them in the gaps. There is one extra you don't need.
- •4.5.5 Scan the above texts and find the English equivalents for the following.
- •4.5.6 Do it in English:
- •4.5.7 Use the plan and helpful phrases given in Appendix 1 to profile the social structure and social system. Surf the Internet, find extra information and base your presentation on it.
- •4.5.8 Comment on the presentation given by your colleague. Make use of the points and helpful phrases given in Appendix 2.
- •4.6 Dialogue
- •The Process of Social Stratification
- •Questions on Social Stratification
- •Social Stratification in India
- •4.7 Role play What are Socio-economic Issues?
- •4.8 Grammar back up practice with future: will, going to and the present continuous for the future
- •1. When do we use will to talk about the future in English?
- •2. What is the difference between will and to be going to when used in predictions about the future?
- •3. When do we use the present continuous and to be going to to express future in English?
- •Practice with the Present Simple for the Future
- •1. What kind of events do we mean when we use the present simple for the future?
- •Practice with the Future Continuous
- •1. In what cases do we use future continuous?
- •Practice with the Future Perfect
- •1. In what cases do we usually use the future perfect?
- •Practice with the Future in the Past:
- •1. What occasions do we mean using the future in the past?
- •Appendix 1
- •Appendix 2
- •Contents
Practice with the Present Simple for the Future
1. What kind of events do we mean when we use the present simple for the future?
a. We use the present simple to talk about future events, which are part of a fixed timetable or fixed program or arrangement or plan which cannot change.
We have lectures in sociology next Tuesday and Friday (it’s on the timetable).
The first group of trainees comes in May (about the program of training).
b. We use the present simple to refer to the future in clauses of time and condition after when, while, as soon as, after, before, until, if, unless, as / so long as , provided / providing (that).
I will phone you when I find out the exact difference between these two theories.
I will be able to take part in the discussion if you help me and explain the concept of labour division.
Note! We can also use the present perfect after when, if, etc. to show that the first action will be finished before the second.
I’ll let you know as soon as I’ve got a letter from her.
Exercise 1
Complete the sentences using the correct form of the tense in brackets.
1. Our train _____ (leave) Moscow at 3.00 on Saturday and _____ (arrive) in Minsk at 9.00 on Sunday.
2. The most important bidding _____ (start) at 11.00 and _____ (finish) at 16.00 on Friday.
3. We’ve got plenty of time. Our plane _____ (not/take off) until 7 a.m.
4. I _____ (lend) you the money provided you _____ (pay) me back tomorrow.
5. I’d like to have some clarifications. As long as we _________(live) in a global society, humanity's problems _________(be) increasingly global in scope.
6. If we mainly ________ (rely) on information and technology in a couple of decades, cyberspace ________ (be) the source of new social problems, especially problems of social control and misinformation.
7. In the future, as society _______ (adjusts) to the increased role of women in the workforce and to changes in family life, many of today's problems with work and family _______ (diminish).
8. I’m sure that next generation sociologists_______ (learn) how to understand and control the creation of fantasy, if they _______ (believe) that understanding public issues is better than not understanding them.
9. What time the delegation _____ (arrive)?
10. The new idea of a stratification system (emerge) in the coming few years if the changes in society (occur).
11. I believe that society always (have) room for improvement after it (undergo) a number of global changes.
12. His father _____ (not give) him any more money until he learns not to waste it.
Exercise 2
Correct the expressions marked in bold type.
In class, you may notice that many professors tell anecdotes and give examples to illustrate the points they are making in their lectures. Here is what one teacher writes about her experience: “As an introduction to social norms, I will often have used an example or actual image of some social reality when they won’t expect to see it, such as a group of bikers with their motorcycles - who happens to be women over 70. This example prompts that social stereotypes will operate in our lives even if we won’t notice them. While speaking about various social systems I will to describe capitalism like an airplane in which the pilot announces to his passengers that he will tell them two pieces of news. The good news is that if they will be traveling at the pre-established speed of 600 miles an hour all the systems on the plane are functioning perfectly. The bad news is that they are lost. This example proves that an anecdote, or story and examples serve the main purpose of bringing a concept or theory alive with relevance”.
Exercise 3
Do it in English:
1. Социальная структура российского общества претерпит дальнейшие изменения в ближайшем будущем.
2. В результате экономических реформ, роста финансовой сферы и частного сектора появится еще большее социальное расслоение.
3. Численность среднего класса значительно увеличится за счет большого социального слоя (примерно 25-30%), представители которого обладают многими основными признаками среднего класса.
4. Однако в России в силу различных причин эта категория граждан имеет весьма низкие материальные доходы, относительно невысокий уровень жизни и не сможет самореализоваться как средний класс.
5. По прогнозам аналитиков в ближайшее десятилетие стратификация общества по имущественному благосостоянию примет еще более серьезный характер.
6. Расслоение произойдет также внутри класса буржуазии, наемных работников и, более того, расколет общество на правопослушную часть и быстро разрастающийся криминалитет; на относительно благополучных, имеющих жилье и работу, и на интенсивно умножающихся социально обездоленных.
7. Если государство не предпримет решительных мер по решению социальных проблем в ближайшее время, существующая антагонизация российского общества может принять радикальный характер.