- •1.1 Lead-in
- •1.2 Language input
- •1.2.2 Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column:
- •1.3 Background information Politology and Political Science
- •1.4 Comprehension
- •1.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers:
- •1.4.2 Scan the text to determine whether these statements are true (t) or false (f). With a partner, discuss why.
- •1.4.3 Write a paragraph on:
- •1.5 Practice
- •1.5.3 Read the text, ignoring the missing parts.
- •1.5.4 Look at the missing parts a-g and fit them in the gaps. There is one extra you don't need.
- •1.5.5 Scan the above texts and find the English equivalents for the following.
- •1.5.6 Do it in English:
- •1.5.8 Comment on the presentation given by your colleague. Make use of the points and helpful phrases given in Appendix 2.
- •1.6 Dialogue
- •Can the study of politics be scientific?
- •Politics as public affairs
- •History and development of political science
- •Indian Sub-Continent
- •1.7 Role play Studying politics
- •1.8 Grammar back up practice with nouns & their determiners Practice with Nouns
- •What kind of noun is it? Is it a countable or uncountable noun?
- •Is the form of a noun correct?
- •Practice with Articles, Demonstratives and other Determiners
- •When and where do we use determiners?
- •If the underlined word or words are used incorrectly, make correction.
- •2. Should the definite article “the” be used?
- •3. Which article should be used?
- •4. Are the demonstratives (“this”, ”that”, ”these”, ”those”) used correctly?
- •2.1 Lead-in
- •2.2 Language input
- •2.2.1 Consult a dictionary and practise the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, quote the sentences in which they are used in the text or submit the examples of your own:
- •2.2.2 Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column:
- •2.3 Background information Sociology and Social Science
- •2.4 Comprehension
- •2.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers:
- •2.4.2 Scan the text to determine whether these statements are true (t) or false (f). With a partner, discuss why.
- •2.4.3 Write a paragraph on:
- •2.5 Practice
- •2.5.3 Read the text, ignoring the missing parts.
- •2.5.4 Look at the missing parts a-g and fit them in the gaps. There is one extra you don't need.
- •2.5.5 Scan the three texts and find the English equivalents for the following.
- •2.5.6 Do it in English:
- •2.5.7 Use the plan and helpful phrases given in Appendix 1 to profile the subject of sociology, methods and techniques. Surf the Internet, find extra information and base your presentation on it.
- •2.5.8 Comment on the presentation given by your colleague. Make use of the points and helpful phrases given in Appendix 2.
- •2.6 Dialogue
- •What is scientific method?
- •Areas of sociology
- •British society
- •2.7 Role play Social groups
- •2.8 Grammar back up practice with verbs (I) Practice with the Present Simple and the Present Continuous
- •1. What does the Present Simple denote?
- •2. What does the Present Continuous denote?
- •Practice with the Past Simple and the Past Continuous
- •1. Is the past simple used correctly?
- •2. Is the past continuous used correctly?
- •3.1 Lead-in
- •3.2 Language input
- •Developing vocabulary
- •3.2.1 Consult a dictionary and practise the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, quote the sentences in which they are used in the text or submit the examples of your own.
- •3.2.2 Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column.
- •3.3 Background information Political Power and Governance Systems
- •3.4 Comprehension
- •3.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers.
- •3.4.2 Scan the text to determine whether these statements are true (t) or false (f). With a partner, discuss why.
- •3.4.3 Write a paragraph on:
- •3.5 Practice
- •Economic Power versus Political Power
- •3.5.3 Read the text, ignoring the missing parts.
- •Figure 1: Characteristics of good governance
- •3.5.4 Look at the missing parts a-g and fit them in the gaps.
- •3.5.5 Scan the above texts and find the English equivalents for the following.
- •3.5.6 Do it in English:
- •3.5.8 Comment on the presentation given by your colleague. Make use of the points and helpful phrases given in Appendix 2.
- •3.6 Dialogue
- •What is social order?
- •Government Creates Social Order?
- •The British Class System
- •3.7 Role play Political System, State and Government
- •3.8 Grammar back up practice with verbs (II) Practice with the Present Perfect
- •1. What kind of action does the Present Perfect form denote?
- •2. Do we use any particular words to modify the Present Perfect?
- •3. What words help us denote the period of action under consideration?
- •4. Should we use the Present Perfect or the Past Simple?
- •Complete the sentences using the Present Perfect of the verbs in brackets.
- •Give a short summary of what each of the speakers has said.
- •Practice with the Present Perfect Continuous
- •5. Should the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous be used?
- •Practice with the Past Perfect
- •1. What kind of action does the Past Perfect denote?
- •2. Are any words used to underline the meaning of the Past Perfect?
- •Practice with the Past Perfect Continuous
- •1. What kind of action does the Past Perfect Continuous denote?
- •2. Which tense is usually used with the verbs not admitting of the continuous form?
- •3. Which tense do we usually use with non-terminative verbs?
- •Practice with adjectives
- •1. What is the place of an adjective in English?
- •2. What is the order of adjectives when we use two or more adjectives together?
- •1. Is the comparative or superlative form correct?
- •2. Is the comparative or superlative used correctly?
- •3. Is the parallel comparison used correctly?
- •Practice with Comparatives and Superlatives
- •4.1 Lead-in
- •4.2 Language input
- •Developing vocabulary
- •4.2.1 Consult a dictionary and practise the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, quote the sentences in which they are used in the text or submit the examples of your own:
- •4.2.2 Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column:
- •4.3 Background information Social Structure and Social System
- •4.4 Comprehension
- •4.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers:
- •4.4.2 Scan the text to determine whether these statements are true (t) or false (f). With a partner, discuss why.
- •4.4.3 Write a paragraph on:
- •4.5 Practice
- •Living in a Social Class System – Upward Social Mobility
- •4.5.3 Read the text, ignoring the missing parts. Ascription and Achievement: England
- •4.5.4 Look at the missing parts a-l and fit them in the gaps. There is one extra you don't need.
- •4.5.5 Scan the above texts and find the English equivalents for the following.
- •4.5.6 Do it in English:
- •4.5.7 Use the plan and helpful phrases given in Appendix 1 to profile the social structure and social system. Surf the Internet, find extra information and base your presentation on it.
- •4.5.8 Comment on the presentation given by your colleague. Make use of the points and helpful phrases given in Appendix 2.
- •4.6 Dialogue
- •The Process of Social Stratification
- •Questions on Social Stratification
- •Social Stratification in India
- •4.7 Role play What are Socio-economic Issues?
- •4.8 Grammar back up practice with future: will, going to and the present continuous for the future
- •1. When do we use will to talk about the future in English?
- •2. What is the difference between will and to be going to when used in predictions about the future?
- •3. When do we use the present continuous and to be going to to express future in English?
- •Practice with the Present Simple for the Future
- •1. What kind of events do we mean when we use the present simple for the future?
- •Practice with the Future Continuous
- •1. In what cases do we use future continuous?
- •Practice with the Future Perfect
- •1. In what cases do we usually use the future perfect?
- •Practice with the Future in the Past:
- •1. What occasions do we mean using the future in the past?
- •Appendix 1
- •Appendix 2
- •Contents
3.1 Lead-in
Section Overview
In this section you will learn about the essentials of Power and State. Power is a complex social interaction between those who command and those who obey. For power to be effective there must be consent, cooperation, and obedience.
Why do you think the political system and power relations are so important in every society?
(authority; hold power; be formed; significantly; a social institution; deciding who gets what, when and how; social order)
How can you comment on the difference between power and state?
(the ability to control people or events; administration of public resources; power in international relations; an organized political community; live under a government)
3.2 Language input
apply v applicable adj application n assassinate v
assassination n assassin n
coerce v coercion n Force is the actual or threatened use of coercion to impose one's will on others.
coercive adj democracy n representative democracy destiny n
Through such methods totalitarian governments have complete control over people's destinies.
dictatorship n differentiate v editorial n enforce v
One person has nearly total power to make and enforce laws.
enforcement n
essentials n (pl)
execute v
executive adj
executive n
intimate n
institutionalized pp large-scale adj mode n monarchy n oligarchy n overlap v overwhelming adj persuade v persuasion n power n
powerful adj power relations
power politics
seize v seizure n
social order
sovereignty n
state n
statehood n
status quo (Lat.)
testimony n threat n threaten v totalitarianism n |
применять, подавать заявку применимый, подходящий сфера применения, заявка убивать политических или общественных деятелей, совершать террористический акт политическое убийство убийца по найму или политическим мотивам принуждать, подавлять принуждение Сила – это реальная или потен-ииальная угроза принуждения, для того чтобы проявлять свою волю по отношению к другим. принудительный, силовой демократия, народовластие представительная демократия судьба, участь, неизбежный ход событий Через такие методы у тотали-тарных правительств есть полный контроль над судьбами людей. диктатура различать, устанавливать различия передовая или редакционная статья принуждать, добиваться силой; осуществлять, приводить в исполне-ние У одного человека есть почти аб-солютная власть устанавливать и проводить в жизнь законы. правоприменение, приведение в исполнение основы, прописные истины, базовые знания исполнять, доводить до конца, казнить административный, организацион-ный исполнительная власть, сотрудник, должностное лицо близкий друг; лицо, пользующееся доверием носящий официальный характер большой, крупный, масштабный метод, способ, образ действий монархия, самодержавие олигархия частично совпадать, дублировать подавляющий, безграничный убеждать, уговаривать увещевание, воздействие власть, могущество, полномочие, мощь, держава ; возможность, способность, преимущество полномочный, авторитетный соотношение сил, взаимосвязь между органами власти силовая политика, политика с позиции силы захватить, конфисковать захват, наложение ареста, конфискация общественный строй, социальное устройство суверенитет, независимость, полноправность страна, государство, государственная власть государственность, статус государ-ства существующее положение вещей, статус-кво доказательство, клятвенное заверение угроза угрожать тоталитаризм |