2. Practise the pronunciation of the words given. Make sure you remember their meanings.

Process ['prəuses], kerosene ['kerəsiːn], petrochemical [ˌpetrə'kemɪk(ə)l], vacuum ['vækjuːm], [-juəm], however [hau'evə], thermal ['θɜːm(ə)l], desirable [dɪ'zaɪərəbl], molecule ['mɔlɪkjuːl], characteristic [ˌkærəktə'rɪstɪk], polymerization [ˌpɔlɪm(ə)raɪ'zeɪʃ(ə)n], isomerization [ˌaɪsəum(ə)raɪ'zeɪʃ(ə)n], chemical ['kemɪk(ə)l].

3. Read, translate and define what parts of speech the words, their derivatives and related words belong to. Consult the dictionary, write out the meanings that are new for you and memorize them.

Consume – consumed – consumer – consuming – consumption; distil – distill – distillant – distillate – distillating – distillation – distillatory – distilled; explode – exploded – exploder – explosibility – explosion – explosive – explosiveness; extract–extractability – extracted – extracting – extraction; improvable – improve – improved – improvement– improver– improving, involve– involved – involvement – involving; produce– produced – product – production – productive; reduce – reduced – reducing – reducibility–reducible–reduction–reductive; variability– variable– variance– variant – variate– variation– variational– varied– variety–various–variously – vary – varying.

4. Find the pairs of synonyms.

affect; amount; antiknock; characteristics; combust; compound; compression; constituent; demand;

desulfurize; develop; dramatic; during; early; evolve; explode; following; high-octane;

intense; involve; kerosene; naphtha; pressure; processing; produce; properties; quantity;

reaction; refining; requirement; response; soon; subsequent; sweeten; throughout; yield.

5. Look through the text and say what (in the left column) is / are done /produced /removed, etc. By what (in the right column).

additional gasoline and distillate fuels; aviation gasoline and feedstock for explosives and synthetic rubber; higher-octane gasoline with better antiknock characteristics; high-quality lubricating oils; molecules with a double bond (alkenes); kerosene; increased quantities of alkylation feedstock; more desirable and valuable products; nonhydrocarbons and impurities; thermal cracking process; treating.

by alkylation; by atmospheric distillation; by cracking and polymerization; by catalytic isomerization; by sweetening, acid treating, clay contacting, caustic washing, hydrotreating, solvent extraction, and solvent dewaxing; by vacuum distillation; by hydrocracking and reforming; by physically breaking molecules; by thermal cracking ; by various treatment methods; by visbreaking.