V. Образуйте существительные, используя соответствующие суффиксы, и переведите их.

а) to direct, to work, to organize, to photograph, to use;

b) to measure, to develop, to improve, to agree, to require;

c) to connect, to protect, to depend, to evaluate, to enter;

d) deep, act, happy, friend, dark, shortness.

VI. Назовите корневые слова, от которых образованы следующие существительные. Существительные и исходные слова переведите.

Assistance, government, information, modulation, computer, direction, expansion, discussion, researcher, jumper, jogger, payment, Canadian, pianist, hacker, processor.

VII. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопрос: “What language does a digital system use?” Communication: Basic Concepts

We use a variety of communications systems to relay information: once a signal has left a transmitter, the impulses travel, or propagate, in a cable, optical fiber, or space. After this information coded in an electronic or electrical signal is received, it can be decoded or converted back into its original form. A communications system consists of an information source, a transmitter, a receiver, a destination, and of course a channel to deliver the information.

Information in the form of sound or visual images is processed into electrical signals by a transducer. A transducer is a device that converts one form of energy into another form of energy. A microphone, converts your voice – sound or acoustical energy – into electrical energy, or in more familiar terms, an electrical signal. A speaker, also a transducer, can convert signal back into your voice. Transducers are the core of our communications system.

Analog vs Digital

Many communications devices, such as telephones, video cameras, and microphones, are analog devices that create and process analog information. Analog signals can have a theoretically infinite number of states. An analog signal can be represented as a series of sine waves. The term originated because the modulation of the carrier wave is ҅analogous ҆҅ to the fluctuations of the human voice or other sound that is being transmitted. A digital signal, in contrast, is a noncontinuous stream of on/off pulses; to exchange information, a digital system uses binary language, i.e., two numbers, 1 and 0, arranged in different codes.

Digital and analog signals, and ultimately equipment and systems, are generally not mutually compatible. Hence, the use of analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion processes. They help us to use a mixed bag of analog and digital equipment in the overall communications system. This capability is crucial. Digital information has certain advantages.

VIII. Прочитайте текст и выделите именные словосочетания.

2.5. Неличные формы глагола как определение левое: причастие активное (пал), причастие пассивное (ппл), герундий, инфинитив.

Запомните: - ing суффикс употребляется для образования: a) причастие I – processing – обрабатывающий (какой?) b) герундий – processing – обработка (что?)

Иногда возникают трудности перевода этих форм в функции определения. Запомните следующее:

а) a laughing girl → девочка какая? → смеющаяся девочка (здесь -ing форма – причастие: обозначает свойство: a girl who is laughing);

laughing gas → газ для чего? → веселящий газ (здесь -ing форма – герундий: предназначение: gas for laughing);

b) a sleeping bird → птица какая? → спящая птица;

a sleeping bag → мешок для чего? → спальный мешок.