- •(Англійська мова)
- •A Man and Computers
- •What is a Computer?
- •Language.
- •Oral Practice.
- •Reading and comprehension.
- •Internet
- •Oral practice.
- •Reading.
- •Computers: Software and Hardware
- •Supplementary reading. Today’s Astonishing Computers
- •Modern Computer Technologies
- •I. Vocabulary.
- •II. Reading.
- •Operating Systems
- •III. Language.
- •IV. Oral practice.
- •V. Reading and Comprehension.
- •Text b Windows 98
- •VI. Oral practice.
- •VII. Reading.
- •The Operating System
- •Disk Operating Systems
- •VIII. Supplementary reading. Bill Gates – the Founder of Microsoft
- •Electronics
- •Electronics
- •Reading and comprehension.
- •The World of Microelectronics
- •Vι. Oral practice.
- •Vιι. Listening and comprehension.
- •Advantages of Computer Communications
- •Reading and writing.
- •Electronics Helps Man
- •Automation
- •II. Reading.
- •Automation
- •Language.
- •Comprehension.
- •Oral practice.
- •Reading and comprehension.
- •Types of Automation
- •Automation
- •2. Programmable
- •About Automation
- •Robots in Industry
- •Application of robots
- •Inspection
- •V. Reading and comprehension.
- •How Robots Appeared
- •Vι. Oral Practice.
- •Vιι. Reading and writing.
- •Robotics Today
- •The Factory of the Future
- •The Factory of the Future
- •V. Reading and Comprehension.
- •Automatic Plants in Industry
- •Timing – (тут) синхронізм, узгодженість дій.
- •Vι. Oral Practice.
- •Vιι. Reading and writing.
- •The Fully-automated Factory
- •My Future Specialty
- •II. Reading.
- •My Future Speciality
- •III. Oral Practice.
- •IV. Reading.
- •The Future of Cybernetics
- •V. Comprehension.
- •VI. Oral Practice.
- •VII. Reading.
- •A Role for ai
- •Supplementary reading Personal Computer
- •Automated Factory Update
- •Automation Systems
- •Current Emphases in Automation
- •Three Basic Steps of the Computer
- •Processing
- •The Automatic Control System
- •Man and Machines
- •To press a button – натискати кнопку.
- •What is Automation?
- •History of Industrial Robotics
- •Storage Technologies
- •Electronic Mail
- •Floppy Disks
Modern Computer Technologies
I. Vocabulary.
Exercise 1. Remember the following words and word-combinations:
to realize – розуміти, усвідомлювати
file – файл, папка
to run – виконувати (програму)
to release – випускати (нову версію програми)
capability - здатність
to undergo – випробовувати, зносити
to enhance – збільшувати, підсилювати, вдосконалювати, розширювати
click – клацання, щіглик
with a click of a mouse – одним клацанням миші
multitasking – багатозавданневий режим
corporate – корпоративний, спільний
compatible - сумісний
to accomplish – виконувати, закінчувати
to crash – давати збої
advancement – прогрес, просунення
are shipped - постачаються
on the top of DOS – на основі DOS
simultaneously - одночасно
to consume - споживати
smart - розумний
Exercise 2. Guess the meaning of the following international words:
system decade
control technology
base graphical
command address
company private
Exercise 3. Find the translation of a word:
Виконувати
a) activate b) investigate c) delete d) perform
забезпечувати
a) instruct b) promote c) provide d) deal
програма
a) command b) control c) programme d) system
розробляти
a) discover b) delete c) edit d) develop
завантажувати
a) insert b) boot c) process d) delete
редагувати
a) switch b) edit c) store d) fill
сумісний
a) interchangeable b) dependable c) compatible d) portable
поліпшений
a) enhanced b) enlarged c) entered d) enriched
Exercise 4. Match the following prefixes with their corresponding definitions:
1. inter- 2. post- 3. bi- 4. pre- 5. multi- 6. ex-
a) more than one; many
b) later than; after
c) before; in preparation
d)former and still living
e) between; among a group
f) two; twice; double
Exercise 5. Make up new words using the prefixes and translate them:
inter- post- bi- pre- multi- ex-
a) ... lingual d) ... husband
b) ... national e) ... annual
c) ... director f) ... personal
II. Reading.
Exercise 6. Read and translate the text.
Operating Systems
When computers were first introduced in the 1940's and 50's, every programme written had to provide instructions that told the computer how to use devices such as the printer, how to store information on a disk, as well as how to perform several other tasks not necessarily related to the programme.
Today, operating systems control and manage the use of hardware devices such as the printer or mouse. They also provide disk management by letting you store information in files. The operating system also lets you run programmes such as the basic word processor.
DOS is the most commonly used PC operating system. DOS is an abbreviation for disk operating system. DOS was developed by a company named Microsoft. MS-DOS is an abbreviation for «Microsoft DOS». Over the past decade, DOS has undergone several changes.
Windows NT (new technology) is an operating system developed by Microsoft. NT is an enhanced version of the popular Microsoft Windows 3.0, 3.1 programmes. NT requires a 386 processor or greater and 8 Mb of RAM. For the best NT performance, you have to use a 486 processor with about 16 Mb or higher. Unlike the Windows, which runs on top of DOS, Windows NT is an operating system itself. However, NT is DOS compatible.
OS/2 is a PC operating system created by IBM. Like NT, OS/2 is DOS compatible and provides a graphical user interface that lets you run programmes with a click of a mouse. Also like NT, OS/2 performs best when you are using a powerful system.
UNIX is a multi-user operating system that allows multiple users to access the system. Traditionally, UNIX was run on a large mini computers to which users accessed the systems using terminals and not PC's. UNIX allowed each user to simultaneously run the programmes they desire. Unlike NT and OS/2, UNIX is not DOS compatible. Most users would not purchase UNIX for their own use.
Windows 95 & 98 are still the most popular user-oriented operating systems with a friendly interface and multitasking capabilities. The usage of Windows 95 and its enhanced version Windows 98 is so simple that even little kids learn how to use it very quickly. Windows 95 and 98 are DOS compatible.
The new series of operating system by Microsoft are Windows Millenium, Windows 2000 and Windows XP.