Пояснения к тексту

environment — окружающая среда

violating — нарушение

nature conservation — охрана природы

THE ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF BIG CITIES

1. The USSR can be called the country of big cities. There are twice as many cities with over a million people than a decade ago. The population of these more than 20 cities exceeds 36,500,000 and equals one-seventh of the country's total population. During the next years several more rapidly expanding cities will pass the million mark.

2. So the problem of an ecologically balanced urban environment is becoming extremely topical. The Soviet Union is optimistic about the possibility of providing a positive natural environment and is dealing seriously with the emerging problems. Legislation regulating the contacts of individuals, industry and transport with nature has been very helpful.

3. In the 1970s several laws, were passed in the USSR protecting the water resources, forests arid the atmosphere and decrees were issued establishing the measure of responsibility for violating these laws. A special ministry - the State Committee of the USSR for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Control – was established. Nature conservation3 has become an element of the state economic and social development plans.

4. Measures to keep air and water clean are an equally important component of the ecological programme. Keeping the air and water clean is not enough to make all big cities in the country a good place to live. Cities have to be built in a way that people and the natural environment can coexist in perfect harmony and nature will not be damaged.

VIII. Прочтите 4-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос.

What' is not enough to make all big cities in the country a good place to live?

1. City transport system is not enough to make all big cities in the country a good place to live

2. Motor transport system is not enough to make all big cities in the country a good place to live.

3. Keeping the air and water clean is not enough to make all big cities in the country a good place to live. ,

ВАРИАНТ 4

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого (см. образец). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The construction of the dam has been completed this month.

2. Our new laboratory will soon be provided with the most up-to-date equipment

3. The expedition starts next month; it is being supplied with all the necessary equipment.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, учитывая разные значения слов it, hat, one.

1. You have to make the experiment once more; do it at once.

2. It is pleasant that we are living in the age of space travels.

3. In London one must get used to the left-side traffic.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, помня о разных значениях глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. Students will have to put questions to the text.

2. Soviet people do not pay for medical treatment.

3. He says that he has never been to Moscow.

4. This plant is to be put into operation next year.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1. The man we call the father of space flights is К. Е. Tsiolkovsky.

2. The students tell the professor they are ready to start their work.

V. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения; обратите внимание на то, что в них просьба (побуждение) выражена с помощью глагола to let.

1. Let the worker explain to the delegates his method of work.

2. Let us learn as many English words as possible for the next lesson.

VI. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива, герундия и причастия в предложении.

1. The temperature of a liquid is raised by heating.

2. To keep the instruments in order we must place them into the instrument-box.

3. Making the report he demonstrated his new device.

VII. Прочтите и устно переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 5-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 3, 4 и 5-й абзацы.