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method_3d year.doc
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1. Learn the new words and word combinations:

brazing -високотемпературна пайка

soldering -низькотемпературна пайка

bolting -згвинчування

riveting -облицювання

production facilities -віробниче обладнання

forge welding -зварювання ковкою

artisan -ремісник

fusible -плавкий

to submerge -занурювати

submerged arc welding -дугове зварювання під флюсом

metal arc welding -дугове зварювання покритим

електродом, що плавиться

droplet -крапля, вкраплення

repetitive -багаторазовий

semiautomatic -полуавтоматичний.

2. Read and translate the text.

3. Answer the following questions:

  1. What is welding in engineering?

  2. What are the two main categories of welding processes?

  3. Did welding replace bolting and riveting with the development of new techniques?

  4. What did the welding process best suit to?

  5. Was forge welding the original pressure process?

  6. What is gas welding?

  7. What is flux?

  8. Are the surfaces to be welded and the welding rod in gas welding coated with argon or carbon dioxide?

  9. What are the advantages of arc welding over other welding methods?

  10. What is used to shield the metal from oxidation?

  11. How may the metal be added for the weld?

  12. What is submerged arc welding similar to?

  13. What is heat in resistance welding obtained from?

  14. Where is resistance welding extensively employed?

4. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?

  1. Welding, in engineering, is any process in which two or more pieces of metal are joined together by the application of heat, pressure, or a combination of both.

  2. With the development of new techniques during the first half of the 20th century, welding replaced bolting and riveting in the construction of many types of structures, including bridges, buildings, and ships.

  3. The original pressure process was butt welding.

  4. Forge welding is often used in modern manufacturing.

  5. In gas-tungsten arc welding, a tungsten electrode is used in place of the metal electrode used in shielded metal-arc welding.

  6. In gas-metal welding, a bare electrode is not shielded from the air by surrounding it with argon or carbon dioxide gas or by coating the electrode with flux.

  7. In resistance welding, heat is obtained from the resistance of metal to the flow of an electric current.

5. Complete the following sentences:

  1. Most of the processes may be grouped into two main categories......

  2. ..... during the first half of the 20th century, welding replaced bolting and riveting in the construction of many types of structures, including bridges, buildings, and ships.

  3. The welding process best suited to joining two pieces of metal depends on the.....

  4. The metals are brought to a suitable temperature in a furnace......

  5. In gas-tungsten arc welding, a tungsten electrode is used in place of......

  6. The electrode is fed into the electric arc, and melts....

  7. Submerged-arc welding is similar to......

  8. In resistance welding, heat is obtained from the resistance of metal to......

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